1. 1 Coconino Community Health Dept. Fresh Start Smoking Cessation Classes Meets once a week for 1 hour No Cost Call for further information or to sign up: Carol Sullivan 522-7882

2. 2 Report on the Status of College Student Alcohol and Other Drug Use in Az. Aug, 2004

3. 3 Key Findings College students in Az. use less tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs than college students nationwide Arizona’s heaviest and highest-risk alcohol use trends are concentrated among freshmen and students under the age of 21.

4. 4 College Freshmen and students under the age of 21 tend to overestimate the level of alcohol consumption among other students on campus.

5. Alcohol is a factor in about one-third of the car crash deaths in the U.S. involving teenagers. More than 40% of individuals who start drinking before age 13 will develop alcohol abuse or dependence at some point in their lives. Wechsler and Wuethrich (2002), Dying to Drink

6. 6 About 50% of all murders, assaults, and rapes in the U.S. are alcohol related. About 40% of the more than 42,000 FATAL auto accidents in the U.S. are alcohol related

7. 7 Almost half of all Americans will be involved in an alcohol related accident at some point in their lives. About $55 Billion is spent in the U.S. annually dealing with the social and health problems associated with alcohol Wechsler and Wuethrich (2002), Dying to Drink

8. 8 Among children age 9-15, 28% of suicides and 46% of homicides can be directly attributed to alcohol.

9. 9 Examples of ‘protective behaviors’ Do not leave drinks unattended Drink from bottles/cans you opened yourself Avoid group punches/beverages Watch as drinks are being prepared Do not accept drinks from anyone Designated Driver Eating before and during drinking Avoiding drinking games Determining # drinks ahead of time Women- 1 drink per hr- Men 2 drinks per hr. - MAX

10. Nearly 80% of people who attempt suicide are under the influence of alcohol

11. 11 http://www3.nau.edu/fronske/alc/aIndex.cfm NAU Alcohol Abuse Prevention Resources

12. 12

13. 13 Chemistry of Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol is Psychoactive ingredient in all alcoholic beverages Proof Value- 2 times the percentage of concentration (A 100 proof beverage contains 50% alcohol)

14. 14 “One Drink” equals: 12 ounces of Beer 5 ounces of table wine 1.5 ounces of hard liquor

15. 15 Factors that Affect Absorption Rate Carbonation Food in the stomach

16. 16 GENDER~~Compared to boys and men…. Girls and women : - become addicted to alcohol, nicotine and illegal and prescription drugs, more quickly -develop substance-related diseases at lower levels of use and in shorter periods of time. Women’s bodies: ~ contain less water and more fatty tissue ~have decreased activity of the enzyme (ADH) that breaks down alcohol. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University

17. 17 Metabolism and Excretion Transported throughout the body via the bloodstream. Main site for metabolism is the Liver. 2-10% of ingested alcohol is not metabolized.

18. 18 P. 169 Text

19. 19 Drinking and Driving 800,000 people are injured a year 42,000 people are killed in alcohol related accidents

20. 20 

21. 21 Long before a person is drunk s/he is IMPAIRED. Correct term is: Impairment to the slightest degree (vs. Drunk Driver)

22. 22 Alcohol and the Law Driving Under the Influence (DUI): Includes alcohol, licit and illicit drugs, inhalants ● Zero Tolerance Law: Illegal to drive a vehicle under the influence of any measurable amount of any illicit drug. Alcohol is an illicit substance for those under the age of 21 ● Legal Limit for BAC in Az. is.08 for those age 21+ ● An adult of legal drinking age can be cited or DUI with a BAC lower than.08 if s/he is driving impaired.

23. 23 Aggravated DUI Can be a 3 rd offense in a 5 year period Getting a DUI while on a suspended or “restricted” license Blood Alcohol Content of.15 or higher Any driver who gets a DUI with a passenger under the age of 15 in the car.

24. 24 Penalty for Aggravated DUI 4 months in jail Felony on record 3 yrs. Minimum license suspension $1500.-$150,000. Fine Certified Locking Device for 1 yr. Get a lawyer Al Flitcraft- Az. Traffic Survival School Coordinator

25. 25 Binge Drinking Refer to chart on p. 173 Men- 5 or more drinks in a row Women- 4 or more drinks in a row Health Impacts: P. 172 Text ▪ Alcohol Poisoning ▪ Alcohol Fatty Liver ▪ Alcohol related Injuries ▪ Unprotected Intercourse ▪ Unplanned Sex ▪ Hangover ▪ Combining alcohol and other licit/illict drugs

26. 26 Alcohol Fatty Liver A condition that results in an enlarged liver that can result after -several days of drinking 5-6+ drinks daily (men) -several days of drinking at least 3 drinks daily (women) Effects are reversible in the early stages

27. 27 The Effects of Chronic Use Diseases of the digestive and cardiovascular systems Liver function liver cell damage and destruction (cirrhosis) Pancreas inflammation Cardiovascular system moderate doses may reduce the risk of HD Higher doses elevates BP, may weaken heart muscle Cancer Mortality

28. 28 The Effects on Pregnancy FAS Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Under weight, flat nasal bridge, and long upper lip. FAE Fetal Alcohol Effects ARND Alcohol-related neurodevelopment disorder.

29. 29 Health Benefits of Alcohol Abstainers and light to moderate drinkers tend to live longer than heavy users. Moderate drinking =‘s one drink per day for women and one to two drinks per day for men. (1 drink max. per hour)

30. 30 Alcohol Abuse Alcohol abuse is recurrent use that has negative consequences one onseself or others Drinking in dangerous situations. Patterns that lead to problems at home, work, school, interpersonal, or legal.

31. 31 Alcoholism Tolerance Health Effects DTs (delirium tremens) paranoia Social and Psychological effects Causes of Alcoholism

32. 32 Treatment for Alcoholism No One single treatment works for everyone Rehabilitation Clinics Counseling 12- Step Programs Employee Assistance Programs Pharmacological Treatments (Antabuse/ Antidepressants)

33. 33 Alcohol (or any substance) allows us to hide out….. to avoid being in the present moment to move away from ourselves to escape our emotions Mindfulness is a way out of every addiction.

34. 34 The Warrior Way Unbending Intent combined with loving kindness Hold your ground Face your demons Recognize The Wisdom of No Escape

35. 35 We all self- medicate in one way or another…… What is alcohol (or any drug) a substitute for in your life?