1. Outline 1.What is ProMAX – what can it do for you? 2.How to use the ProMAX interface 3.Producing plots of seismic data

2. The ProMAX® seismic data processing family includes a complete suite of geophysical applications for 2D, 3D, VSP and depth imaging. It is the most widely used system for seismic data processing applications – from field processing and quality control to interpretive, project-oriented reprocessing at oil companies and production processing at service companies. ProMAX® lets you experience the best of both worlds by providing interactive analysis for optimum parameter selection and problem solving, in addition to data management, flow replication and resource balancing for large 3D projects. In other words, ProMAX : Is flexible in that it can process most types of seismic data Has an interactive interface that is mouse-driven Is able to process both small datasets (for quality control, testing etc.) and very large datasets (including 3D) Many oil companies and service companies have it, so knowing how to use it will look good on your CV! What Landmark say about their software:

3. Quality control and initial processing of seismic reflection data on the NERC ships and Bill Conway Velocity analysis for stacking and migration Migration - both in the prestack and poststack domains Time series manipulations – filtering etc. Basic travel-time picking of horizons In SOES we use ProMAX for:

4. Pre-stack depth migration

5. Migration velocity analysis

6. Testing frequency filters

7. Analysing data in the frequency domain

8. Designing an F-K filter interactively

9. Database display

10. The ProMAX window

11. Areas, Lines and Flows ProMAX organises your work into Areas, Lines and Flows. Flows are where the real work is done – these are processing flows which actually ‘do things’ to seismic data Areas and Lines are convenient ways of organising your flows. You can think of them as directories and subdirectories. Flows are stored at the line level.

12. A typical processing flow for MCS data Taken from Sheriff & Geldart, Exploration Seismology (2 nd Ed.) The entire processing flow can be represented in ProMAX almost exactly as it appears here. This example shows all the steps from reading the field data tapes to producing a final migrated section. ProMAX allows you to split the processing up into smaller, manageable sections.

13. Building a processing flow

14. Parameterising a process

15. The Trace Display window Zoom View headers View the next screen of data

16. Three ways to get help 1.When parameterising a process, select the option. 2.Hold the shift key down and click on the process name in the processes list (not the flow list). 3.Use the manual? It is exactly the same as the on-line help. The main source of help, when first using ProMAX, is the status bar at the bottom of the screen. This tells you which mouse button does what, and is sensitive to where the mouse is pointed on screen at the time. Hint: anything blue (text etc.) is usually meant to be clicked on!

17. Useful tricks with the interface 1.ProMAX has no undo function, but changes to a flow are only saved when you execute it. If you exit a flow having made changes, but without executing it, you will be prompted as to whether you wish to save the changes or not. If you make a mistake and delete a process it took ages to set up, exit the flow without saving any changes, re-enter the flow, and you will get the missing process back. 2.Although there is no apparent cut and paste option, you can achieve the same result using delete. A deleted process can be inserted back into the flow by clicking on delete with button three. A more advanced option is to delete one process with button one as normal, then go on deleting processes with button two. Clicking button three on delete will then insert all the deleted processes. Processes can be inserted into a different flow than that which they were deleted from.

18. External and internal data formats ProMAX will read many industry standard data formats including SEG-D and SEG-Y, both commonly used in field surveys. ProMAX uses its own internal format for storing data, and handles all data management tasks for the user. This means you never have to supply paths to files or hunt around directories looking for files once they have been read in to ProMAX. When ProMAX needs a file chosen, it will list only the possibilities relevant to the current data line being worked on. Internal Disk data Parameter Tables (velocity models, travel- time picks etc.) Database External SEG-Y SEG-D Text files ProMAX

19. Plotting/printing from ProMAX There are three ways of plotting from within ProMAX 1.The “Hardcopy” option. Located in the >File menu of the Trace Plotting (and other display windows), allows plotting to a printer (gmechp1) or the Oyo thermal plotter, both located in the Seismic Processing Lab. Quick and dirty, B&W (no grey!) only. I don’t use ProMAX for creating final data plots. The emphasis in ProMAX is on processing rather than interpretation. The best quality plots are produced using Seisunix and GMT. 2.The “Trace Plotting” process. Best used for working copies of data for interpretation. These are plotted on the Oyo thermal plotter with a continuous paper roll and hence can be very long if required. 3.The “Post Script Plotting” process. Best used for ‘final’ plots that you can import into Corel Draw or Adobe Illustrator to annotate etc.

20. Hardcopy output example

21. Post Script Plotting output example

22. Plotting seismic data with Seisunix & GMT

23. An example script: segyread tape=2hrefl1.sgy conv=1 endian=1 trmin=1 trmax=11| sugain jon=0 scale=-1 | supswigp d1num=100 f1num=3 n1tic=0 d2num=1000 f2num=100000 n2tic=0 wt=1 va=1 \ x1beg=0.0 x1end=0.5 x2beg=2073 x2end=2063 key=cdp grid1=none verbose=1 nbpi=600 xcur=1 interp=1\ labelsize=1 linewith=0.1 style=seismic wbox=2.5 hbox=2.0 > section.ps psbasemap -R2062/2074/6.45/6.95 -Bf1a2:"CDP":/:"Two-way time [s]":f0.05a0.1NW -JX-2.5/-2.0 -V -K -P > overlay.ps psmerge in=section.ps origin=0,0 scale=1,1 rotate=0 translate=0,5 in=overlay.ps origin=0,0 scale=1,1 rotate=0 translate=0.5,5.5 >hrefl2.ps supswigp draws traces as polygons – like using a pen. Produces a high quality plot but large file size. Best for plotting <100 traces. supswigb draws traces as a bitmap (resolution set by nbpi option). Best for general plotting up to ~500 traces. supsimage draws traces as greyscale (often called “halftone”). Good for plotting very large numbers of traces. The final –K option must not be omitted when psmerge is being used!