2. GREENHOUSE EFFECTS GROUP’S MEMBERS: a)Noor Syazlin bt Naim b)Sariah bt Mohd Salleh c)Nur Aa’in Mazura bt Che Mahtar

3. What are greenhouse gases?

4. Global warming

5. Global warming potential (GWP)  is a measure of how much a given gas can contribute to global warming over a given time period.  It is measured relative to carbon dioxide

6. The GWP of a gas is calculated using the following factors: molar mass of the gas Lifetime of the gas in the atmosphere Ability of the gas to be absorbed infra-red radiation

7. Greenhouse gases compared The contribution of a greenhouse gas to global warming depends on its global warming potential (GWP) and the amount of that gas present in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gas Average % of atmosphere GWP After 20 years After 100 years water vapour carbon dioxide methane nitrogen monoxide 1–4 0.038 0.0002 0.00003 11 7225 289298 ––

8. Causes of climate change

9. How scientists can help? To find out the current extent of the problem Predicts its future extent Analyses the available evidence eg: carbon capture and storage Investigate the viability of controversial solutions

10. The role of co-operation STERN REPORT Stated that global warming could have a massive economic cost. KYOTO PROTOCOL reduce greenhouse gas emissions by a certain amount in a certain time.

11. The effects of global warming Negative effects Positive effects

12. POSITIVE EFFECTS The next ice age may be prevented from occurring. Northwest Passage through Canada's formerly-icy north opens up to sea transportation. Less need for energy consumption to warm cold places. Fewer deaths or injuries due to cold weather.

13. NEGATIVE EFFECTS a)Increase in average global temperatures (AVT) - The AVT has increased by 0.6◦C over 140 years. - The climate could increase up to 6◦C in the next 150 years.

14. b) Shrinking ice caps - The artic sea ice has decreased in area by 38% since 1979. - This melting is caused by rising temperature. - Leads to loss of animal habitats (eg: polar bear) NEGATIVE EFFECTS

15. c) Rising sea level -Global average sea levels has risen 5cm in 1992. -This is at least partly due to melting ice caps. -It leads to an increase in flooding.

16. d) Extreme local weather conditions -Local weather patterns are changing, with increasing incidences of extreme weather -Eg: flooding, storms, droughts NEGATIVE EFFECTS

17. WHAT DO YOU THINK?

18. Global warming: true or false?