1. The French Revolution
AP European History

2. Impact of the American Revolution
British greatest colonial power by 1763
Declaration affirmed Enlightenment ideals
French supported American patriots
American ideals influenced French
More rebellion than a revolution

3. Social Orders of the Old Regime
First Estate – The Clergy
Second Estate – The Nobility
Third Estate – Everyone Else
Conflict not entirely b/c of class tensions – rising aristocratic and noble elite were frustrated with absolute monarchy
Social orders and Old Regime no longer relevant

4. Other Problems Facing the French Monarchy
Bad harvests in 1787, 1788 = famine
Ideas of the philosophes
Financial crisis – costly wars & royal extravagance
Convening of the Estates-General, 1788

5. Quick Write
What were the long-range and immediate causes of the French Revolution?

6. From Estates-General to a National Assembly
Immediate financial crisis  gathering of Estates General
Most men elected to E-G liberal, legally minded, urban
Cahiers de doleances
Parlement of Paris ruled 1 estate = 1 vote

7. June 17th, 1789 – Third Estate voted themselves the “National Assembly”
June 20th, 1789 – Tennis Court Oath
King did not acknowledge validity of NA, but made other reforms

8. MCQ Drill
The controversy over voting by order rather than voting by head in the Estates-General led eventually to
A motion by the Nobles of the Robe to adjourn
A move by “lovers of liberty” to stop all voting
The expulsion of the Third Estate
The withdrawal of the Third Estate to form a National Assembly
Direct intervention by Louis XVI

9. Angry Peasants! Hunger + anger + rumors = angry peasant mob!
July 14th, 1789 – Storming of the Bastille
King losing royal authority
Summer 1789 – Great Fear

10. Read About It
Read The Fall of the Bastille on p. 583 in your textbook and answer the question and the end of the reading.

11. Destruction of the Old Regime
Great Fear galvanized Nat’l Assembly into pushing reforms
Aug. 27th, 1789 – Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

12. Olympe de Gouges – What about women?
Jean-Paul Marat & The Friend of the People
Oct. 5th, 1789 – Women’s March on Versailles

13. July, 1790 – Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Constitution of 1791  Constitutional Monarchy
June 1791 – Flight of the Monarchy
Aug – Declaration of Pillnitz

14. Oct. 1791 – National Assembly now Legislative Assembly
Resistance and radicalization  Jacobin club
April 1792 – War against the First Coalition

15. Read and Discuss
Read Opposing Viewpoints: The Natural Rights of the French People: Two Views and discuss the questions at the end of the reading with your group members.

16. The Radical Revolution
Rise of the sans-culottes
Aug – Attack on Tuileries Palace
Sept – September Massacres

17. Sept. 1792 – New National Convention
Maximillien Robespierre
Georges Danton
Jan. 21st, – Louis XVI executed
June 1793 – Expulsion of the Girondins

18. July 1793 – Committee of Public Safety
Aug. 23, – Levee en Masse
– Reign of Terror
De-Christianization & the old calendar
July 1794 – Execution of Robespierre

19. MCQ Drill Historians have noted that the French Revolutionary Army
Helped create the modern concept of nationalism
Initiated the modern system of officer training and ranking
Perfected the techniques and ethics of total war
Began the radical practice of showing no mercy to prisoners
Was used only to defend France when it was attacked

20. MCQ Drill
In its attempt to “preserve” the revolution from its internal enemies, the Committee of Public Safety
Singled out the nobility for total annihilation
Brutally crushed cities that rebelled against the government
Used the guillotine only on members of the lower class
Considered restoring the Bourbons to power
Relied on the moral persuasion of the clergy

21. Foreign Reaction to the French Revolution
Edmund Burke – Reflection on the Revolution in France
Mary Wollstonecraft – A Vindication of the Rights of Man/Woman

22. Thermidorian Reaction
Reaction against extremity & fanaticism of Terror
Churches reopened, religious toleration
Laissez-faire economics adopted
New constitution of 1795
Cultural & material reaction

23. The Directory Executive authority of 5 men
Challenges from Parisians & extremists
Directly dependent on military for survival
Coup d’etat led by Napoleon

24. Draw It
Create a mind map with your group mates that attempts to answer the following question:
What were the main events of the French Revolution between 1789 and 1799? What role did each of the following play in the French Revolution: lawyers, peasants, women, the clergy, the Jacobins, the sans-culottes, the French Revolutionary army, and the Committee of Public Safety?