1. Chapter 17 & 20 Christianity and Medieval Europe Unit 3
AP World History
Chapter 17 & 20 Christianity and Medieval Europe
Unit 3

2. Journal 12-1-14 Why did the Western Roman Empire Fall?
Internal Pressures
Power struggle (between ce 41 different people claimed to be emperor)
Empire was too large
Soldiers loyal to Generals rather than Rome
Disease (small pox & measles) ravaged population
External Pressures ( Hun invasions, Visigoths, Ostrogoth's, Vandals, and Franks)

3. What were the contributions of Charlemagne's reign, and why did it ultimately fail to last very long?
Used missi dominici
extended empire to northeast Spain, Bavaria, north Italy
Created schools & emphasis on arts ( Carolingian Renaissance)
It fell because Charlemagne's only surviving son; lost control of the counts
Divided empire among Charlemagne’s sons

4. What role did the serfs play in early medieval Europe
What role did the serfs play in early medieval Europe? What was life like on the manor?
Worked the land for the lords in return for protection and small plots of land
Could not leave land without permission
Manor: Large estate consisting of fields, meadows, forests, domestic animals, lakes, rivers, & Serfs bound to the land
Had bakeries, mills, breweries, wineries

5. Friendly Reminders  Read chapters 17 & 20
Discussion question due before Friday

6. Periodization Early Middle Ages: 500 – 1000
High Middle Ages: – 1250
Late Middle Ages:

7. Europe in the 6 century

8. “Dark Ages”
a time of decreased architectural & building techniques, organized government, and less long distance trade.
Most Germanic people could not read or write
Decentralized governments

9. What was the one unifying factor in Western Europe?
the church controlled about 1/3 of the land in Western Europe.
tithe  1/10 tax on your assets given to the church.
Notre Dame Cathedral- Paris, France

12. Carolingian Empire (Carol means Charles in Latin)
Charlemagne ce
Charles Martel 732
Clovis 486
(Converted to Roman Catholicism)

13. The Rise of the Franks ( temporary revival)
Under ________ the Franks become the dominant power in Western Europe
Clovis converted to _________, which in turn helped the Franks the gain the support of the Catholic Church
Clovis
Christianity

14. Charles Martel “The Hammer”
Charles Martel founder of the Carolingian Empire
Known for his military prowess
Defeated the Muslims in the Battle of Tours

15. Charlemagne: 742 to 814 United Western Europe
Missi Dominici- “Envoys of the Lord Ruler”
Defender of Roman Catholicism
established centralized rule
History Teachers Song :Charlemagne

16. The Carolingian Renaissance

17. Pope Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800

18. Charlemagne’s Empire “Holy Roman Empire”

19. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Verdun, 843

20. Charlemagne’s Empire

21. Carolingian Demise
Charlemagne sons & grandsons lost control of the empire in 30 years
Muslims raided from the south, Magyars raided from the East, Vikings from the North
Viking Long boat

22. Monasticism
St. Benedict ( ) establishes rules: poverty, chastity, obedience.
Agricultural laborers, worked in scriptoriums, ran inns, hospitals, orphanages.
St. Benedict established monastic rules.

23. A Medieval Monastery: The Scriptorium

24. A Medieval Monk’s Day

25. The Medieval Manor
Manor: Large estate consisting of fields, meadows, forests, domestic animals, lakes, rivers, & Serfs bound to the land
Had bakeries, mills, breweries, wineries

27. Manorialism* Manors were primary sources of agricultural production
Large estate controlled by the lord and deputies

28. Feudalism: A Land Divided
A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.

29. Serfs Not fully free nor fully slave
Worked the land for the lords in return for protection and small plots of land
Could not leave land without permission
Worked 3-4 days for lord

30. What were the Crusades?
11th-14th century European Christian campaigns to retake Holy land and convert Muslims
History Teachers Song on Crusades
Crusades crash course

32. Why did “Christians” go on Crusades?
Religious Motives: retake the Holy land from the Muslims
Economic Motives: wanted access to trade routes (silk & spices)
Political Motives: help the Byzantines retake land from the Seljuk Turks

33. Results of the Crusades
Europe was re- introduced to Greco- Roman Culture
Discovered “Spoils of the East” as silk, rice, glass, coffee, & citrus products
European technology improved (Compass, astrolabe, gunpowder)
Weakened manorialism system & Feudalism

34. Economics of the Late Middle Ages
Guilds-
Regulated production and sale of goods
Established standards of quality for manufactured goods
Determined prices and regulated entry of new workers

35. Hanseatic League
The Hanseatic League is an organization of cities in Northern Germany and Southern Scandinavia. They were grouped for the sole purpose of commercial alliance. They formed the league to encourage trade. Since the start of banking in Europe, it became possible for the countries to organize commercial trades with each other. The people from the Hanseatic cities would go anywhere to gain a profit and to trade. The league mostly traded timber, furs, tar, wheat and rye from the east to the countries in the west. They eastern countries traded their items for cloth from the west.

36. New Technology leads to population growth
_______ rotation
Heavy plows
Water mills (mills for processing cloth, brewing beer, or grinding flour)

37. What new technologies led to an increase in agricultural production in the Post Classical period?
Mold Board Plow
Crop Rotation
Horse collar

38. What were the affects of migration in time period 3 ( 600ce-1450?
Vikings (using their longboats) migrated from the Northern European settling into Western European lands

39. Describe gender roles in W. Europe during the Middle Ages
Code of Chivalry- honor system that emphasized loyalty and “gentlemen” like behavior
Very Patriarchal: land equaled power: women could not inherit land or rule it
Women were admired for beauty and compassion or “femine” qualities

40. Historians use the term Middle Ages to refer to….?
the era from about 500 to 1500 C.E.

41. In the Early Middle Ages, the economic activity of Western Europe was
predominantly agricultural

42. The Holy Roman Empire was “neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire” because
the emperors were not crowned by the popes
the Byzantine emperors did not acknowledge the Holy Roman Empire
the people who lived there did not practice Christianity
it did not restore imperial unity to Western Europe

43. Which one of the following statements does not describe the crusades?
The campaigns showed European military superiority to Muslim armies.
One of the crusades conquered Constantinople instead of recapturing Palestine
The crusaders traded eagerly with Muslim merchants in the eastern Mediterranean.
The crusaders brought many Muslim ideas back to Europe with them.
The crusaders introduced to Europe new agricultural products they learned about from the Muslims.