1. NorthStar Basic /Low Intermediate Unit 3: Swimming across Borders
Prepared by
Azza Khattab Omar

2. The main idea of the unit
The unit deals with athletes and sports. In most sports athletes can do better if they have certain physical characteristics.
Lynne Cox is an outstanding open-water swimmer. She swam in very cold water. She made swims that supported peace and helped to bring countries together

3. Vocabulary Tolerate (v): accept things which you don’t approve of.
Talent (n): a natural ability to be good at something,
Break the record : to be better than the best ever
Outstanding (adj): better than excellent
Border (n): the line that divides one country from
another
Achievements (n): things which are very good and
difficult that you have succeeded in doing
Challenge (n) (v): something needing great mental or
physical effort in order to be done successfully

4. More Vocabulary Encouraging (adj): making you feel more confidence or
hope
encouraged (adj): having more confidence or hope about
something
organs (n): such as the heart , liver , lungs ………
National (adj): relating to or typical of a whole country
and its people
Waves (n): a raised line of water which moves across
the surface of an area of water, especially the sea:

5. Transition words of time
They are used to :
1- show the relationships between the sentences in a
piece of writing.
2- show time relationships. They help the reader
understand which event happened first, which
happened second and so on.
Transition words are like : first, then, next, and later.
They are followed by a comma.

6. Transition words of time exercise
Fill in the spaces with a suitable time word
transition :
I was very busy yesterday. ………., I arrived at my office. I answered some phone calls. ……………, I had a meeting with the manager. She told me about the new plan of the company. ……………, I checked my . I kept working until 5 o’clock. ………………, I returned home.

7. The Present Progressive Tense
We use this tense to refer to what is happening at the moment of speaking.
Form:
Is / are / am + verb + ing
He is walking to school now.
They are helping their mother at the moment.
I am writing my report this afternoon.

8. More about the present progressive
Spelling rules:
When we add the “ing” to the end of the verb we should:
1. cancel the “e” at the end of the verb
arrive ……………..arriving
write ……………….writing
2. double the last consonant if it has a vowel before it
run ……………..running
stop…………….stopping
3. not cancel the “y” at the end of the verb before adding “ing:
play……………..playing
carry …………..carrying

9. More about the present progressive
Negative form:
is / are / am + not + verb + ing
He is not coming to the office today.
I am not watching TV now.
You are not listening to the radio at the moment.
Question form:
Yes/ No : Is / Are / Am + Subject + verb ing …….?
Is she coming today?
Are they reading now?
Am I coming with you?

10. More about the present progressive
Wh questions:
Wh word + is / are / am + subject + verb ing ………?
Where are you going now?
When is she going shopping?
What am I doing at the moment?
Some words and phrases refer to the present progressive such as:
“now, at the moment, today, Look!, Listen!, this week….”

11. Review Exercises Choose the correct answers :
1- We cannot ………………………….. smoking in the hospital.
a) break b) achieve c) tolerate d) outstand
2- His ……………………………..are being wasted in that job.
a) talents b) challenges c) borders d) tolerance
3- An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable ………………….for one so young.
a) talent b) achievement c) race d) peace
4- It's an area of ……………………….natural beauty.
a) breaking b) tolerating c) outstanding d) irritating
5- The train crosses the ………………….between France and Spain.
a) challenge b) talent c) tolerance d) border
6- It's going to be a difficult job but I'm sure she'll rise to the……………..
a) border d) peace c) challenge d) break

12. More exercises 7- They always are in a hurry . ( Correct the mistake )
a) They are always in a hurry .
b) They are in a hurry always .
c) Always they are in a hurry .
d) They are in always a hurry .
8- Do he have a new flat ? ( Correct the mistake )
a) Does he has a new flat ?
b) Does he have a new flat ?
c) Is he have a new flat ?
d) Has he have a new flat ?

13. More exercises 9- I always ________ before I go to sleep.
a) am reading b) read c) reads d) reading
10- She ________ French, but she doesn't speak Italian.
a) speaks b) is speaking c) speak d) speaking
11- She ________ right now.
a) speaks b) is speaking c) speak d) speaking
12- Next week we ________ to the theater.
a) go b) are going c) going d) goes
13- (Generally) I ________ Mexican food.
a) love b) am loving c) loving d) loved
14- How do you feel? I ________ great!
a) am feeling b) feel c) feeling d) feels
15- Listen - I ________ to explain this to you.
a) am trying b) try c) trying d) tries
16- Tomorrow I ________ to see my friend.
a) am going b) go c) goes d) went