1. Chapter 22 America Becomes A World Power

2. Important Changes Alaska acquired in 1867
Western frontier settled by 1890
American inventors impressed the world
Businesses were bigger

3. Spanish American War Cuba was a Spanish colony Americans lived in Cuba
President McKinley offered to buy Cuba
Spain refused
McKinley sent the battleship U.S.S. Maine to protect Americans

4. Spanish American War February 15, 1898 Maine exploded
Killed 260 sailors
America blamed Spain
Assistant Secretary of Navy—Theodore Roosevelt sent Admiral Dewey and a fleet to Philippines
Dewey given orders to attack if war broke out

5. War Declared April 9, 1898 Spain agreed to stop fighting
“Remember the Maine”
Americans wanted Spain punished
April 11, 1898 McKinley asked Congress to declare war

6. Yellow Journalism New York Journal – William Randolph Hearst
New York World-
Joseph Pulitzer
Late 1800s most newspapers were not as accurate as they are today.
Two sensationalistic papers were competing to see who could sell more newspapers.

7. “Splendid Little War”
Admiral Dewey destroyed Spanish fleet in Philippines
Roosevelt organized the “Rough Riders”
Charged up San Juan Hill

8. The Unprepared US Army
Given heavy woolen uniforms to fight in the warm tropics
The food was leftover canned rations from the Civil War –Rotten and disgusting
No proper sanitary areas
Thousands of volunteers rushed to join-all kinds of people from socialites to outlaws
Lacked guns, tents, and blankets
Needed training

9. AMAZING NUMBERS Total in the War—5,462 Americans lost their lives
Only 379 died in combat
The rest from unsanitary conditions which caused plague and yellow fever

10. “Splendid Little War” US Navy sank all Spanish ships in Cuban harbor
Agreed to stop fighting to discuss ending the war
Armistice
War ended December 10, 1898

11. Results USA gained Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines
Secretary of State—John Hay—declared the Spanish-American War a “Splendid Little War”
War lasted 4 months

12. Puerto Rico
Philippines
Guam

13. The Nation Increases Its Power
Gained the Hawaiian Islands in 1900
Queen of Hawaii-Liliuokalani

14. The Nation Increases Its Power
Focused on China
Afraid other countries were controlling trade
Secretary of State—John Hay—offered a new trading policy called the “Open Door Policy”
Convinced the foreign nation in China to Allow open and free trade for all countries
Chinese “Boxers” rebelled

15. McKinley Bryant Election of 1900 William McKinley vs. William J. Bryan
McKinley reelected—25th president
Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt
McKinley was assassinated (shot) in 1901 by Leon Czolgosz
Winner
McKinley
Bryant

16. Theodore Roosevelt 26th president
Youngest president to take office (42 years old)
Believed Americans deserved a better deal
Interested in Americans receiving a “Square Deal”

17. Theodore Roosevelt Coal Miners Strike 1902
Used government to bring it to an end
Big businesses were scared of Roosevelt
“Trustbuster”
He believed that big companies should be broken into smaller companies

18. Progressives
Reformers who believed America should make progress to become a better country

19. Protecting America Passed laws to protect Americans
*Meat Inspection Act
*Pure Food and Drug Act 1906
Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle

20. Foreign Policy Europe—neutrality Latin America—Monroe Doctrine
Asia—Open Door

21. Panama Canal Wanted to build up the US Navy
Needed a fast way to get from Atlantic to the Pacific
Canal—man-made waterway
1903 Panama revolted against Columbia
Roosevelt sent battleships to help Panama
Panama won independence

22. Panama Canal USA paid $10 million 10-mile wide strip of land
“Big Ditch”
11 years to finish
Saved over 7,000 miles

23. Big Stick Policy Latin America had economic problems
Borrowed money for European nations
Roosevelt convinced countries to settle in World Court
Roosevelt revised the Monroe Doctrine
Roosevelt Corollary
USA became a “police power” in Latin America

24. Big Stick Policy
Old African saying “Speak softly and carry a big stick.”
Roosevelt’s willingness to use military power was called “Big Stick Policy”

25. WINNER 27TH Election of 1908 William Howard Taft William Jennings
Bryan
Republican
Democrat

26. Largest US President
7-foot-1-inch-long bathtub custom built for the 340-pound, 6-foot frame of President William Howard Taft).

27. Taft Roosevelt Wilson Election of 1912 Winner Republican Progressive
28th
Taft
Roosevelt
Wilson
Republican
Progressive
Democrat
“Bull Moose”