1. OBJECTIVE: “I CAN EXPLORE, MANAGE, AND DEMONSTRATE A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF OPERATING SYSTEMS.” Operating Systems HOW THE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROLS YOUR COMPUTER

2. 1. An Operating System is like gasoline for a car. An operating system talks between the hardware and the applications. It’s the middle man. It’s the gasoline that makes the car go. Without gas, a car will not run. Computer applications are like the car’s air conditioning, radio, drive, and reverse.

3. 2. What is an Operating System? An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the computer's memory, processes, and all of its software and hardware. An operating system is NOT a single program. An Operating system is a collection of programs that work together. The operating system KERNAL is the heart of the operating system that runs all low-level functions. Device drivers are small software programs that interface between the operating system and hardware peripherals. For example: USB drives, printers, and external hard drives. The operating system “talks” between the system’s hardware and its applications.

4. The BOOT PROCESS is a sequence of steps that a computer takes to go from an empty piece of computer hardware to a computer system ready to work for the user. 3. BOOT UP PROCESS

5. “PULL YOURSELF UP BY YOUR BOOTSTRAPS” MEANING … IMPROVE YOUR SITUATION BY YOUR OWN EFFORTS. ORIGIN THE ORIGIN OF THIS DESCRIPTIVE PHRASE ISN'T KNOWN. IT REFERS OF COURSE TO BOOTS AND THEIR STRAPS (LACES) AND TO THE IMAGINED FEAT OF A LIFTING ONESELF OFF THE GROUND BY PULLING ON ONE'S BOOTSTRAPS. THIS IMPOSSIBLE TASK IS SUPPOSED TO EXEMPLIFY THE ACHIEVEMENT IN GETTING OUT OF A DIFFICULT SITUATION BY ONE'S OWN EFFORTS. EARLY COMPUTERS USED A PROCESS CALLED BOOTSTRAPPING WHICH ALLUDES TO THIS PHRASE THIS INVOLVED LOADING A SMALL AMOUNT OF CODE WHICH WAS THEN USED TO PROGRESSIVELY LOAD MORE COMPLEX CODE UNTIL THE MACHINE WAS READY FOR USE. THIS HAS LED TO USE OF THE TERM 'BOOTING' TO MEAN STARTING UP A COMPUTER. 4. History of “The Boot Process”

6. 5. Why an Operating System? Without an Operating System (OS), a computer is nothing more than a useless collection of electronics. The operating system makes the computer usable and stable. List at least four (4) common computer operating systems used today. List at least two (2) mobile device operating systems. The operating system manages all resources on the computer or mobile system.

7. 5. The Operating System is contains 3 components : 1. KERNAL: A program that constitutes the central core of a computer operating system. It has complete control over everything that occurs in the system.operating system 2. BIOS: Basic Input/Output System of your computer, commonly known as the BIOS (pronounced "bye-ose"). On virtually every computer available, the BIOS makes sure all the other chips, hard drives, ports and CPU function together. The primary function of the BIOS is to load and start an operating system. When the PC starts up, the first job for the BIOS is to initialize and identify system devices such as the video display card, keyboard and mouse, hard disk, CD/DVD drive and other hardware.operating systemvideo display cardhard disk 3. DEVICE DRIVERS: A device driver or software driver is a computer program allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a hardware devices. (i.e., drivers for printers, digital cameras, USB flash memory, iPad, iTouch, etc.)computer programhardware

8. 1.An operating system to a computer is like ??? to a car? a.the steering wheel b.gasoline (answer) c.the accelerator d.air conditioning 2.List at least three(3) common computer operating systems used today: a.Linux, Apple's OS X, Microsoft's Windows 7 & 8 (answer) b.Word, Excel, PowerPoint c.Internet Explorer, Mozilla FireFox, Safari d.DOS, Windows 3.1, DR DOS BELL RINGER QUIZ#1: HOW THE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROLS YOUR COMPUTER

9. 3.Which is true regarding a computer’s operating system? a.Without an Operating System (OS), a computer is nothing more than a useless collection of electronics. b.The operating system makes the computer usable and stable c.The operating system manages all resources on the computer or mobile system. d.All are true (answer) 4.What is the central core of the computer’s operating system? a.BIOS b.Kernal (answer) c.Device Drivers d.CPU BELL RINGER QUIZ#1: HOW THE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROLS YOUR COMPUTER

10. 5.An operating system is: a.made up of several device drivers that control all software b.the system’s communications between the user and the applications c.a single program d.the most important software that runs on a computer (answer) 6.The operating system contains which three (3) components? a.Kernal, BIOS, Device Drivers (answer) b.User, Applications, Hardware c.User, Software, Hardware d.Kernal, Software, BIOS BELL RINGER QUIZ#1: HOW THE OPERATING SYSTEM CONTROLS YOUR COMPUTER

11. An operating system can be used to manipulate a computer’s desktop, files, and drives. Objective: “I can use the following effectively and productively: Windows, folders, files, and shortcuts.”

12. 1. Command vs. GUI Interfaces A command OS interface is simply text on the screen with only the use of a keyboard. UNIX, DOS, and original LINUX are command or text-based operating systems. These operating systems use console commands to manipulate the operating system. Windows, Mac OSX, and Gnome/KDE LINUX are GUI environments – Graphical User Interface (using a keyboard, mouse and/or icons to manipulate the operating system)

13. 2. Computer Desktop Environment Desktop GUIs help the user in easily accessing, configuring and modifying many important and frequently accessed specific operating system (OS) features. A desktop environment typically consists of icons, windows, toolbars, folders, wallpapers and desktop gadgets.

14. 3. Computer Drives A: — Floppy disk drives, 3.5" or 5.25", and possibly other types of disk drives, if present. (*no longer used)Floppy disk drives B: — Reserved for a second floppy drive, if present. (*no longer used) C: — First hard disk drive partition.hard disk D: to Z: — Other disk partitions get labeled here. The letter D: or E: are often assigned to CD-ROM, DVD drives but not always. In fact, Windows assigns the next free drive letter to the next drive it encounters.

15. 4. Computer Folders A folder (or directory) is a container of documents. Create a new folder by choosing New, Folder Label folders on a computer just like you would with a real file cabinet.

16. 5. Computer Files A computer file is a resource for storing information, which is available to a computer program and is usually based on some kind of durable storage. computer programstorage A file is durable in the sense that it remains available for programs to use after the current program has finished. Computer files can be considered as the modern counterpart of paper documents which traditionally are kept in offices and libraries.documents

17. 6. Shortcuts Ctrl + X is used to CUT – Move a File or Folder to a new drive or folder location Ctrl + C is used to Copy – Copy a File or Folder to a new drive or folder location Ctrl + V is used to Paste – After Cntrl-X or Cntrl-C, then use Cntrl-V to paste the file in the new drive or folder location Ctrl + Z is used to Undo – Use Cntrl-Z to undo or delete your last operation or action

18. 6. Shortcuts Ctrl + B is used to BOLD – Select text, then press Ctrl + B to Bold Press Insert to change to “Typeover Mode” which allows text to be typed on top of the existing text (Typeover Text), Press Insert again to change back into “Insert Mode” Ctrl + S is used to SAVE – After a file has been saved with “Save As”, then use Ctrl-S often to quickly save changes. Ctrl + A is used to Select All – Use this tool to select all text, picture, files, folders, etc.

19. 1.Which of the following are command operating systems? (interface is simply text on the screen with only the use of a keyboard) a.Word, Excel, PowerPoint b.UNIX, DOS, and original LINUX (answer) c.Windows, Mac OSX, and Gnome/KDE LINUX d.iOS7 and Android 2.Which of the following are GUI environments ? -- Graphical User Interface (using a keyboard, mouse and/or icons to manipulate the operating system): a.Word, Excel, PowerPoint b.UNIX, DOS, and original LINUX c.Windows, Mac OSX, and Gnome/KDE LINUX (answer) d.None of the above BELL RINGER QUIZ#2: I CAN USE AN OPERATING SYSTEM TO MANIPULATE A COMPUTER’S DESKTOP, FILES, AND DRIVES

20. 3.A desktop environment typically consists of: a.start, shutdown, and recycle bin buttons (answer) b.shortcuts, quick launch icons, and my computer (answer) c.icons, windows, toolbars (answer) d.folders, wallpapers and desktop gadgets (answer) 4.Which of the following drives is the computer’s primary hard disk/drive? : a.A: or B: b.C: (answer) c.D: or E: d.F: BELL RINGER QUIZ#2: I CAN USE AN OPERATING SYSTEM TO MANIPULATE A COMPUTER’S DESKTOP, FILES, AND DRIVES

21. 5.Computer files can be considered as the modern counterpart of ?????? which traditionally are kept in offices and libraries. a.google documents b.cloud documents c.electronic documents d.paper documents (answer) 6.Which of the following drives are no longer used? : a.A: and B: (answer) b.C: c.D: and E: d.F: BELL RINGER QUIZ#2: I CAN USE AN OPERATING SYSTEM TO MANIPULATE A COMPUTER’S DESKTOP, FILES, AND DRIVES

22. 7.Which of the following shortcuts will paste a folder, file, or text? a.Ctrl-A b.Ctrl-C c.Ctrl-X d.Ctrl-V (answer) 8.Which of the following shortcuts will cut (move) a folder, file, or text? a.Ctrl-A b.Ctrl-C c.Ctrl-X (answer) d.Ctrl-V BELL RINGER QUIZ#2: I CAN USE AN OPERATING SYSTEM TO MANIPULATE A COMPUTER’S DESKTOP, FILES, AND DRIVES

23. Objective: “I can discuss the differences and capabilities between UNIX, Linux, Mac, and Windows operating system environments.”

24. 1. UNIX Operating System The UNIX operating system is widely used on both servers and workstations.servers workstations The UNIX environment and the client–server program model were essential elements in the development of the Internet and the reshaping of computing as centered in networks rather than in individual computers. client–serverInternetnetworks Both UNIX and the C programming language were developed by AT&T and distributed to government and academic institutions as "open systems” or a “FREE” operating system.C programming languageopen systems

25. 2. LINUX Operating System Linux is a free UNIX-type operating system. Developed under the GNU General Public License, the source code for Linux is freely available to everyone. Linux operating system Linux can be installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from mobile phones, tablet computers and video game consoles, to mainframes and supercomputers. Linux is predominantly known for its use in servers. Most desktop computers run either Microsoft Windows or Mac OS X. However, desktop use of Linux has become increasingly popular in recent years. Popular GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) for PC Linux are Gnome & KDE.

26. 3. Apple OS X Operating System OS X is the tenth major version of Apple's operating system for Macintosh computers. OS X is based upon the Mach kernel. One of the major differences between the previous versions of Mac OS and OS X was the addition of the Aqua GUI, a graphical user interface with water-like elements. Also, drop shadows were added around windows and isolated text elements to provide a sense of depth.

27. 4. Microsoft Windows Operating System Windows is an operating system produced by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, netbooks, tablet PCs, and media center PCs. As of April 2013, the most recent versions of Windows for personal computers, mobile devices, server computers and embedded devices are respectively Windows 8, Windows Phone 8, Windows Server 2012 and Windows Embedded 8. About what percentage of the Desktop OS market does Microsoft have? Which Operating System currently has the most market share?

28. 1.Which of the following are free (or open source) operating systems? a.Apple OS X b.UNIX, LINUX (answer) c.Windows 7 and 8 d.DOS and Windows XP 2.Which of the following is an Apple operating system?: a.Apple OS X (answer) b.UNIX, LINUX c.Windows 7 and 8 d.Windows XP and Windows Vista BELL RINGER QUIZ#3: “I CAN DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES AND CAPABILITIES BETWEEN UNIX, LINUX, MAC, AND WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.”

29. 3.Which of the following is NOT a Microsoft operating system? a.Windows Vista b.UNIX, LINUX (answer) c.Windows 7 and 8 d.DOS and Windows XP 4.Which operating system currently has the most market share (or is the most popular) based on sales? a.Apple OS X b.LINUX c.Windows 7 (answer) d.Windows 8 BELL RINGER QUIZ#3: “I CAN DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES AND CAPABILITIES BETWEEN UNIX, LINUX, MAC, AND WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.”

30. Objective: “I can discuss the differences in mobile device operating system environments.”

31. 1. Mobile Device Operating Systems (ANDROID) Android is a Linux-based operating system designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially and later bought in 2005. Android’s open source code and permissive licensing allows the software to be freely modified and distributed by device manufacturers, wireless carriers and enthusiast developers. Android is the world's most widely used smartphone platform.

32. 2. Mobile Device Operating Systems (APPLE) Apple iOS (previously iPhone OS ) is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Inc. Originally unveiled in 2007 for the iPhone, it has been extended to support other Apple devices such as the iPod Touch, iPad, and second-generation Apple TV.iPadApple TV Unlike Microsoft's Windows Phone and Google's Android, Apple does not license iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. As of June 2013, Apple's App Store contained more than 900,000 iOS applications, 375,000 of which were optimized for iPad. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than 50 billion times.

33. 3. Mobile Device Operating Systems (Android vs. Apple) Which is better? Android or Apple? Read the following article: http://techland.time.com/ 2013/04/16/ios-vs-android/ http://techland.time.com/ 2013/04/16/ios-vs-android/ In Quarter 1 of 2013, did Window’s Phone or Apple’s iOS have more market share? In Quarter 1 of 2013, did Android or Apple’s iOS have more market share?

34. 1.Which of the follow mobile device operating systems allows users to freely modify their operating system software? a.Apple iOS7 b.Android (answer) c.Windows 7 and 8 d.Windows Phone 8 2.Which operating system is the world's most widely used smartphone platform? a.Apple iOS7 b.Blackberry c.Android (answer) d.Windows Phone 8 BELL RINGER QUIZ#4: “I CAN DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES IN MOBILE DEVICE OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.”

35. 3.In the first quarter of 2013 (January – March ), which mobile operating system had the largest worldwide market share (sales)? software? a.Apple iOS b.Android (answer) c.Linux d.Windows Phone 8 4.As of June 2013, Apple's App Store contained more than 900,000 iOS applications, 375,000 of which were optimized for iPad. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than ???? 50 billion times. a.1.5 billion times b.5 billion times c.500 billion times d.50 billion times (answer) BELL RINGER QUIZ#4: “I CAN DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES IN MOBILE DEVICE OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.”

36. 5.Just like Microsoft's Windows Phone and Google's Android, Apple licenses iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. a.true b.false (answer) 6.Which of the following devices does Apple’s iOS not support? a.Apple TV b.iPad c.iPod Touch d.first-generation iPod (answer) BELL RINGER QUIZ#4: “I CAN DISCUSS THE DIFFERENCES IN MOBILE DEVICE OPERATING SYSTEM ENVIRONMENTS.”

37. Objective: “I can understand the difference between Microsoft (PC platform) and Apple (Mac Platform).”

38. 1. Microsoft vs. Apple (What’s the difference?) Who is the founder of Microsoft? Who is the founder of Apple?

39. 2. Mac vs. PC… Why does the war live on ? Why do people love Apple? Why do people love Microsoft? APPLE VS. MICROSOFT

40. WHICH SYSTEMS HAVE AN “OPEN” HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE AND WHICH SYSTEMS HAVE A “CLOSED” ARCHITECTURE SYSTEM? 3. “Open” vs. “Closed” Architecture Open or Closed? OPEN CLOSED

41. 4. Open Architecture Systems WINDOWS and ANDROID are “Open Architecture” Operating Systems  Relatively easy to get into the OS to change, manipulate, program, and manage. ALL NON-Apple Computers have an “Open Architecture” hardware system (HP, Dell, Toshiba, Asus, Lenovo, Sony, build your own PC, etc.) Individuals can purchase replacement parts from any manufacturer Individuals can build their own computer Anyone can build computers and sell replacement parts

42. 5. Closed Architecture Systems Apple iOS7 is a “Closed Architecture” Operating System  Relatively HARD to get into the OS to change, manipulate, program, and manage. Apple Computers and Apple Products have a “Closed Architecture” hardware system (iPod, iPad, iPhone, MacBook, iMac, G5, iBook) Individuals must purchase replacement parts ONLY from Apple. Individuals CANNOT build their own Apple computer. ONLY Apple builds Apple computers and products. ONLY Apple or authorized Apple resellers can sell replacement parts for Apple products. ONLY Apple or Apple Authorized Service Providers can fix or repair Apple products.

43. 6. Apple Computers vs. PC (Personal Computers) Apple Computers “Closed” Architecture Personal Computers “Open” Architecture AdvantageDisadvantageAdvantageDisadvantage Can Manipulate the Operating System Many Viruses & Worms Can Buy Parts from any Supplier Can Fix Own Computer Can Customize Computer Lots of Software Available Low Price Has a Stable Operating System

44. #7 Windows 98 Crashes On Live T.V. During Presentation How does Bill Gates react when his new operating system crashes during a live TV presentation?

45. 1.Why do Apple consumers love Apple computers? a.Apple users believe Apple computers have a more stable operating system (answer) b.Users can build their own Apple computers c.Users can buy replacement parts for their Apple computer from any supplier d.Apple computers allow their users to fix their own computers 2.Why do Windows consumers love Windows computers? a.Windows consumers enjoy the many viruses and worms that may destroy their data b.Windows consumers enjoy the thrill of experiencing the “blue screen of death” when windows crashes c.Windows consumers enjoy being able to customize their computer and buy parts for their computer from any supplier in the world (answer) d.Windows consumers pay high prices for their computers, but they receive very high quality for the price they pay BELL RINGER QUIZ#5: “I CAN UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MICROSOFT (PC PLATFORM) AND APPLE (MAC PLATFORM).”

46. 3.Which of the following has an Open Architecture system? a.iPad b.Apple MacBook (laptop) c.iPhone d.Windows 7 (answer) 4.Which of the following is a Closed Architecture system? a.Android Samsung Smart Phone b.Apple MacBook (laptop) (answer) c.Android LG Smart Phone d.Windows 7 BELL RINGER QUIZ#5: “I CAN UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MICROSOFT (PC PLATFORM) AND APPLE (MAC PLATFORM).”

47. 5.Which of the following computer manufacturers has a Closed Architecture system? a.HP b.Dell c.Acer d.Apple (answer) 6.This computer brand allows consumers to purchase replacement parts from any manufacturer or reseller a.Dell (answer) b.Apple BELL RINGER QUIZ#5: “I CAN UNDERSTAND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MICROSOFT (PC PLATFORM) AND APPLE (MAC PLATFORM).”

48. The Lost 1984 Video: young Steve Jobs introduces the Macintosh http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2B-XwPjn9YY

49. History of Apple and Microsoft The History of Apple in under 10 minutes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZyKlZcqrjk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DZyKlZcqrjk History of Microsoft -- 1975

50. “I can solve common operating system problems.”

51. “I can change, backup, and restore system settings.”

52. “I can install, uninstall and run various applications.”