2. Risk Assessment b b Introduction ObjectivesObjectives –Appreciate the Legal Requirements for Risk Assessment –Describe the Benefits of Risk Assessment –Define Hazards –Evaluate Risk –Identify Risk Controls

3. Risk Assessment b b Introduction What is Risk Assessment? –A practical, systematic approach to identifying hazards & evaluating the extent of risk taking into account existing precautions

4. Risk Assessment b b Introduction Legislation –Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 –Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 –Health & Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 –Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999

5. Risk Assessment b Introduction Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 ( Regulation 3)Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1999 ( Regulation 3) –Every employer shall make a suitable and sufficient assessment of: –the risks to the health & safety of his employees to which they are exposed whilst they are at work; and –the risks to the health & safety of persons not in his employment arising out of, or in connection with, the conduct by him of his undertaking

6. Risk Assessment b Definitions HazardHazard –Something that has the potential to cause harm to persons, property, plant or equipment

7. Risk Assessment b Definitions RiskRisk –The likelihood that the harm will arise coupled with the consequences

8. Risk Assessment b Definitions Risk EvaluationRisk Evaluation –Cost Benefit Analysis of Risk Control Risk Time Cost Effort

9. Risk Assessment b Planning For Risk Assessment Classification of Work ActivitiesClassification of Work Activities –Geographical Areas Inside & Outside –Stages in Production Process –Planned & Reactive Work –Defined Tasks (e.g. fork lift driving)

10. Risk Assessment b Planning For Risk Assessment Gathering InformationGathering Information –Type of Tasks & Duration/Frequency –Locations Where Work is Carried Out –Who Carries Out the Task –Others Who May Be Affected (contractors, visitors etc.) –Training Records –Safe Systems of Work –Managers & Employees –Technical Experts

11. Risk Assessment b Planning For Risk Assessment Gathering InformationGathering Information –Services Used (e.g. compressed air, electric, hydraulics) –Types of Plant & Machinery Being Used –Manufacturers/Suppliers Information on Use & Operation –Statutory Inspection Requirements (e.g. lifting equipment) –Inspection, Test & Maintenance Schedules –Size, Shape, Surface Character & Weight of Materials That Might be Handled –Distances & Heights That Materials Have to be Manually Transported

12. Risk Assessment b Planning For Risk Assessment Gathering InformationGathering Information –Substances Being Used or Encountered –Physical Form of Substances (e.g. fume, dust, liquid etc.) –Contents of Substance Data Sheets –Applicable Legislative Requirements (ACOP’s etc.) –Industry Best Practice & British Standards –Current Control Measures (e.g. guarding, extraction) –Accident/Incident/Ill Health Data

13. Risk Assessment b Identifying Hazards Is There a Source of Harm?Is There a Source of Harm? Who or What Could be Harmed?Who or What Could be Harmed? How Could Harm Occur?How Could Harm Occur?

14. Risk Assessment b Hazard Classification Slip/Trip/FallSlip/Trip/Fall Fall From HeightFall From Height Hand/Power ToolsHand/Power Tools HandlingHandling

15. Risk Assessment b Hazard Classification MachineryMachinery Fixed/Flying/Falling ObjectsFixed/Flying/Falling Objects TransportTransport ElectricityElectricity

16. Risk Assessment b Hazard Classification ChemicalsChemicals Noise/VibrationNoise/Vibration Fire/ExplosionFire/Explosion Hot SurfacesHot Surfaces

17. Risk Assessment b Hazard Classification Confined Spaces/Lone WorkingConfined Spaces/Lone Working LightingLighting Thermal EnvironmentThermal Environment Repetitive WorkingRepetitive Working

18. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk ExposureExposure LikelihoodLikelihood ConsequenceConsequence

19. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk ExposureExposure –Highly Infrequent (< once per annum) –Quite Infrequent (annually/biannually) –Frequent (quarterly/monthly) –Quite Frequent (weekly/daily) –Highly Frequent (continuous daily)

20. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk LikelihoodLikelihood –Highly Unlikely (practically impossible) –Quite Unlikely (conceivable but very unlikely) –Likely (conceivable and could possibly happen) –Quite Likely (almost certain to happen) –Highly Likely (certain to happen)

21. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk ConsequenceConsequence –Minor Injury/Ill Health ( minor cuts, abrasions etc.) –Injury/Ill Health (burns, sprains, minor fractures etc.) –Serious Injury/Ill Health (breaks, WRULD’s, deafness etc.) –Major Injury/Ill Health (amputations, cancer, multiple breaks etc.) –Fatality (one or more fatalities)

22. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk Factors Affecting Likelihood & ConsequenceFactors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence –Individual –knowledge/skills –training –experience –attitude –risk perception –mental/physical condition & capability

23. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk Factors Affecting Likelihood & ConsequenceFactors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence –Task –workload/work patterns –equipment/tools –process –guarding/controls –environment –maintenance regime

24. Risk Assessment b Determining Risk Factors Affecting Likelihood & ConsequenceFactors Affecting Likelihood & Consequence –Task –PPE –emergency arrangements –training/information/instruction –procedures –supervision –communications

25. Risk Assessment b Risk Control Hierarchy of ControlsHierarchy of Controls –Prevention –Engineering –Policy/Procedural

26. Risk Assessment b Risk Control Hierarchy of Control MeasuresHierarchy of Control Measures –Prevention Controls –eliminate use of substance, material, plant or equipment –replace with less hazardous substance, material, plant or equipment –exclude non essential personnel

27. Risk Assessment b Risk Control Hierarchy of Control MeasuresHierarchy of Control Measures –Engineering Controls –enclose process –automate all or part of the process –use local exhaust ventilation –fit guarding –implement inspection & test regime –implement preventative maintenance

28. Risk Assessment b Risk Control Hierarchy of Control MeasuresHierarchy of Control Measures –Policy/Procedural Controls –reduce exposure (e.g. job rotation) –written safe system of work –regular workplace inspections –emergency arrangements –pre-employment medicals –health surveillance programme –use of PPE (last resort)

29. Risk Assessment b Risk Assessment Forms Hazard Form Risk Form Corrective Form Risk Level Indicator Risk Level Control COSHH DSE Manual Handling

30. Risk Assessment b Risk Review Will the Controls Lead to an Acceptable Level of Risk?Will the Controls Lead to an Acceptable Level of Risk? Will Any New Hazards be Created?Will Any New Hazards be Created? Has the Most Cost Effective Solution Been Chosen?Has the Most Cost Effective Solution Been Chosen? Will the Controls be Used?Will the Controls be Used?

31. Risk Assessment b Benefits of Risk Assessment Reduction in Injuries & Ill HealthReduction in Injuries & Ill Health Reduction in Lost TimeReduction in Lost Time Reduction in ClaimsReduction in Claims Reduction in Insurance PremiumsReduction in Insurance Premiums Improved Employee MoraleImproved Employee Morale

32. Risk Assessment b Benefits of Risk Assessment More Efficient ProcessesMore Efficient Processes Increased ProductivityIncreased Productivity Customer SatisfactionCustomer Satisfaction PrestigePrestige Legal ComplianceLegal Compliance