1. Baptist History Lesson 7 Particular Baptists from the Protectorate to the Glorious Restoration

2. Elizabeth 1558-1603 James I 1603-1625 Charles I 1625-1649 English Commonwealth 1649-1653 Cromwell 1653-1658 Charles II 1660-1685 James II 1685-1688 William & Mary 1688-1702

3. I. Period of Revolution (1640-1648) Political: war between Parliament & Royalists Religious High Baptist Visibility Establishment mentality II. Period of the Protectorate (1649-1659) A. Commonwealth-governed by House of Commons (1649-1653) B. Protectorate (1653-1659) “You have sat too long for any good you have been doing lately... Depart, I say; and let us have done with you. In the name of God, go!” Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) Instrument of Government Lord Protector

4. XXXV. That the Christian religion, as contained in the Scriptures, be held forth and recommended as the public profession of these nations; and that, as soon as may be, a provision, less subject to scruple and contention, and more certain than the present, be made for the encouragement and maintenance of able and painful teachers, for the instructing the people, and for discovery and confutation of error, hereby, and whatever is contrary to sound doctrine; and until such provision be made, the present maintenance shall not be taken away or impeached. XXXVI. That to the public profession held forth none shall be compelled by penalties or otherwise; but that endeavours be used to win them by sound doctrine and the example of a good conversation. No persecution of non-worshippers XXXVII. That such as profess faith in God by Jesus Christ (though differing in judgment from the doctrine, worship or discipline publicly held forth) shall not be restrained from, but shall be protected in, the profession of the faith and exercise of their religion; so as they abuse not this liberty to the civil injury of others and to the actual disturbance of the public peace on their parts: provided this liberty be not extended to Popery or Prelacy, nor to such as, under the profession of Christ, hold forth and practice licentiousness. XXXVIII. That all laws, statutes and ordinances, and clauses in any law, statute or ordinance to the contrary of the aforesaid liberty, shall be esteemed as null and void.

5. C. Baptists in Prominent Places D. Rise of Sectarian Religion 1. Levellers 2. Diggers 3. Seekers John Saltmarsh Smoke in the Temple 4. Quakers 5. Fifth Monarchy The messianic kingdom, the fifth monarchy prophesied by Daniel, would be realized by the return of Christ following the English civil war

6. E. Baptist Highlights During this Period 1. Increase in churches Effective lay ministry Mobility provided by army 2. Development of the theory of religious liberty This is important as a theological truth 3. Identification with mainstream Protestantism 4. Churches were strengthened for the upcoming persecution Associations

7. RENEWED PERSECUTION 1660-1689 I. Political A. Restoration of the Stuart monarchy Edward Hyde Lord Clarendon Charles II (1630-1685) Clarendon Codes

8. II. Religious Condition A. Clarendon Code 1. Corporation Act (1661) 2. Act of Uniformity (1662) 3. Conventicle Act (1664) 4. Five Mile Act (1665) B. Declaration of Indulgence 1672 C. Second Declaration of Indulgence, 1687 D. Act of Toleration 1689

9. III. Baptist Suffering and Confessing A. Suffering 1. John Bunyan 2. William Kiffen 3. Benjamin Keach (1640-1704) Wm. Kiffen (1616-1701)

10. I. Converted age 15 II. General Baptist (1655- ca. 1672) III. Became a Particular Baptist ca. 1672 Installed as pastor of Horsley Downs church Influence in Church polity and worship Discipline – The Glory of the True Gospel Church and Disciplined display’d Music – argued for singing of hymns as an instituted part of worship The Banqueting House or a Feast of Fat Things Ministerial support – “Duty to provide a comfortable maintenance for them and their Families, suitable to their state and condition”

11. IV. Publications Expository: Exposition of the Parables-Preaching from Types and Metaphors Sermonic: The Display of Glorious Grace, or the Covenant of Peace Opened (14 sermons) Polemical: The Breach Repaired in God’s Worship-The Gospel Minister’s Maintenance Vindicated Theological: The Everlasting Covenant, A Sweet Cordial for a Drooping Soul –The Marrow of Justification Poetry and Metaphorical: The Glorious Lover, a Divine Poem upon the Adorable Mystery of Sinners Redemption V. Theological influence Central theme of his ministry: The Eternal Covenant of Redemption