1. SOUTH ASIA LAUNCH OF GLOBAL CAMPAIGN MAKING CITIES RESILIENT MY CITY IS GETTING READY New Delhi June 8-9, 2010

2. BUILDING AND ZONING REGULATIONS AND THEIR ENFORCEMENT By Prof. Amit Bose VIGYAN BHAWAN, New Delhi JUNE 9, 2010

3. Well Designed Building … Great Complexity of Systems Consisting of STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS NON-STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS To Achieve A Single Operational Built Environment

4. Structural Vs Nonstructural Elements Structural Structural SUPPORTING SKELETON ORSHELL Nonstructural Nonstructural FABRIC OR CLADDING THAT ENCLOSES THE BUILDING AND DEFINES ITS INTERIOR SPACES

5. Present Day Complexities…… Needs of Society Needs of Society Demands of Highly Advanced and Technology Oriented Culture Demands of Highly Advanced and Technology Oriented Culture GROWING COMPLEXITIES AND DEMANDS General agreement among experts MANY MORE THINGS MAY GO WRONG IN FUTURE THAN YESTERDAY OR EVEN TODAY

6. Nonstructural Components ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS MECHANICAL COMPONENTS MECHANICAL COMPONENTS ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS PLUMBING COMPONENTS PLUMBING COMPONENTS BUILDING CONTENTS AND EQUIPMENTS BUILDING CONTENTS AND EQUIPMENTS

7. Economic And Functional Loss ECONOMIC LOSS:  Direct  Indirect Value may be As high as 80 to 90% and As low as 20 to 30% FUNCTIONAL LOSS:  Damage to function due to component failure or system failure  Disruption created by repairs of architectural and other nonstructural components

8. PRESENT INDIAN CODES : PHILOSOPHY (PERFORMANCE CRITERIA (PERFORMANCE CRITERIA) RESISIT MINOR EARTHQUAKES WITHOUT DAMAGE RESIST MODERATE EARTHQUAKES WITH NON STRUCTURAL DAMAGE AND SOME REPAIRABLE DAMAGE RESIST MAJOR CATASTROPIC EARTHQUAKE WITHOUT COLLAPSE MINIMUM STANDARAD : PUBLIC SAFETY WITH SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE

9. PROBLEMS THE SEISMIC PERFORMANCE THAT CAN BE EXPECTED FROM A BUILDING DESIGNED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CODE IS NOT EXPLICIT AND OWNERS RARELY RECOGNISE THAT CODE PERMITS SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE WHICH RESULTS IN  LARGE CAPITAL LOSS  FUNCTIONAL & BUSINESS INTERRUPTION

10. EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF NON-STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS - PRESENT STATUS Due importance is not extended yet Due importance is not extended yet Seldom evaluated for earthquake resistance Seldom evaluated for earthquake resistance

11. CODAL PROVISIONS IS: 1893-2002 (Part-1) CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN OF STRUCTURES (Part 1. : General Provision and Buildings) - CODE OF PRACTICE IS: 4326-1993 EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS – CODE OF PRACTICE IS: 13920-1993 DUCTILE DETAILING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO SEISMIC FORCES – CODE OF PRACTICE IS: 13935-1993 REPAIR AND SEISMIC STRENGTHENING OF BUILDINGS – GUIDELINES IS: 13828-1993 IMPROVING EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF LOW STRENGTH MASONARY BUILDINGS - GUIDLINES IS: 13827-1993 IMPROVING EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF EARTHEN BUILDINGS – GUIDELINES PART 2 – Liquid Retaining Structures, PART 3 – Bridges & Retaining Walls, PART 4 – Industrial Structures including stock like structure, PART 5 – Dams & Embankments

12. COUNTRY SPECIFIC RETROFITTING STRATEGIES MANUALS,GUIDELINES,CODES ARE REQUIRED CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS AS PER FUNCTION AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS AS PER FUNCTION AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEM INVENTORY OF NON-STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS FOR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF BUILDINGS – SCHOOL,HOSPITALS,TELEPHONE EXCHANGE ETC. INVENTORY OF NON-STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS FOR DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF BUILDINGS – SCHOOL,HOSPITALS,TELEPHONE EXCHANGE ETC.

13. FEASIBILITY STUDY OF RETROFITTING CONSEQUENCES OF DAMAGE- BUILDING FUNCTION OR PERFORMANCE COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS WHETHER TO RETROFIT OR NOT HOW MUCH TO RETROFIT AS PER LEVEL OF SAFETY INCLUSION OF RETROFITTING OF NON-STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS IN THE POLICY FRAMEWORK

14. Zone V Zone IV Zone III Zone II

15. CONSULTANT STATUTORY BODY OWNER/ COMMUNITY SUPERVISORY STAFF (C.O.W) CONTRACTOR MATERIAL SUPPLIER ARCHITECT GEO-TECHNICAL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEER DIFFERENT ACTORS IN THE COMMUNITY AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP IN CREATION OF BUILT FORM DIFFERENT ACTORS IN THE COMMUNITY AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP IN CREATION OF BUILT FORM