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Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake.

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Presentation on theme: "Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007

2 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 2 Why Retrofit an Existing Observatory Change in Code Requirements Change in Facility Requirements Seismic Performance Requirements Earthquake Damage

3 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 3 Existing Building Seismic Performance Objectives Building codes are designed for Life Safety and not meant to withstand an Earthquake An Observatory is designed to protect the Telescope and Instruments What performance objectives was your Observatory designed to?

4 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 4 Seismic Retrofit Performance Objectives Immediate Occupancy: Minor damage and functionality remains. Damage is easily and rapidly repaired Damage Control: Damage is localized reducing the cost of recovery Observations resume within 24-hours after an Earthquake? One of a kind, critical equipment that has a long lead time to replace must sustain only minor damage

5 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 5 Approach to Seismic Rehabilitation

6 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 6 Seismic Retrofit Process Preliminary Study; How vulnerable is the Observatory and Support Facilities? Identify the structural characteristics of the building Site seismic hazard analysis Site characteristics Occupancy requirements Building seismic performance goals Rehabilitation method Prioritize retrofit to budget constraints What does it cost to do nothing?

7 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 7 Seismic Retrofit Publications: ATC-14 Published 1987 First attempt at creating a seismic evaluation tool Catalog of weak links Historic performance data and observations Analysis based on ductility of elements

8 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 8 Seismic Retrofit Publications First Generation Performance Based Provisions –SEAOC Vision 2000 –FEMA 273: NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings –ATC-40: Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings

9 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 9 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 178 Published 1992 Addition of nationwide consensus methodology (NEHRP strength design) Development of checklists Consensus process as a guideline

10 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 10 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 310 Published 1998 Result of joint ASCE/FEMA effort Defined 3-tier procedure Performance-based methodology Multiple performance and seismicity levels Expanded commentary

11 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 11 Additional Performance Based Procedures “FEMA 74: Reducing the Risks of Nonstructural Earthquake Damage, A Practical Guide, September 1994 “FEMA 156 and 157: Typical Costs for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings”, December 1994 “FEMA 276: Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitations of Buildings: Example Applications”, April 1999 “FEMA 154: Rapid Visual Screening of Buildings for Potential Seismic Hazards, July 2005

12 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 12 Nonstructural Earthquake Damage: (FEMA 74) Nonstructural: Everything in a building except for columns, floors, beams, etc. –Building Utility Systems –Architectural Components –Furniture and Contents

13 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 13 Significance of Nonstructural Damage: (FEMA 74) Life Safety (LS): Risk of people injury or fatality caused by damaged or falling nonstructural components Property Loss (PL): Architectural, Mechanical, Electrical elements Loss of Function (LF): Nonstructural damage will make it difficult or impossible to carry out the functions normally accomplished in a facility

14 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 14 Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74) Diesel Fuel Tank

15 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 15 Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74) HVAC Equipment

16 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 16 Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74) Built-in Partial Height Partition

17 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 17 Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74) Suspended T-Bar Ceilings

18 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 18 Earthquake Damage and Upgrade Details (FEMA 74) Large Computers and Access Floors

19 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 19 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356 Published 2000 Result of joint ASCE/FEMA effort Performance-based methodology Multiple performance and seismicity levels Expanded commentary

20 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 20 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

21 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 21 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

22 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 22 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

23 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 23 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

24 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 24 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

25 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 25 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

26 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 26 Seismic Retrofit Publications: FEMA 356

27 Chile Observatories Earthquake Readiness Workshop La Serena, Chile December 3-4 2007 Seismic Retrofit of Existing Observatories Jaunuary 26, 2005 27 Conclusions State-of-the-practice seismic standards and procedures that are: –Founded in the latest engineering principles –Generally applicable to all buildings –Complete and consistent –Written in mandatory code language –Validated through extensive research, testing and the consensus process

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