1. The American Revolution notes Today’s HW: 4.3
Essential Question:
What are the main arguments of the Declaration of Independence?
CPUSH Agenda for Unit 2.5:
Clicker Questions
The American Revolution notes
Today’s HW: 4.3
Unit 2 Test: Friday, August 31

2. Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
Warm-Up Question:
Given what you know about the Revolution so far, what arguments for independence do you think will be presented in the Declaration?
Lesson Plan for September 2, 2009: Warm-Up Question, American Revolution Notes, Closure Activity

3. By 1776, American colonists were divided into 3 groups
Loyalists wanted to remain British colonies
Neutrals were undecided about which side to choose
Patriots supported separation from Britain (independence)

4. Quick Review: How did we get to this point?

5. By 1750, the American colonists were loyal British citizens with autonomous, self-governing colonial assemblies and a thriving trade connection with England
Second Continental Congress (1775)
Proclamation of 1763
Lexington and Concord (1775)
The policy of salutary neglect ended as Britain imposed greater political authority over the colonies, raised new taxes to pay off war debts, and refused to allow colonists representation in Parliament
First Continental Congress (1774)
Sons of Liberty formed
Intolerable Acts (1774)
Townshend Acts (1767)
Paine’s Common Sense (1776)
Boston Tea Party (1773)
Turning Point! England defeated France in the French and Indian War ( )
Stamp Act (1765)
Boston Massacre (1770)
Declaration of Independence (1776)
Revolutionary War ( )
1750
1755
1760
1765
1770
1775
1780
1785

6. “No taxation without representation”
Proclamation of 1763
Britain ended salutary neglect & began to assume ultimate authority over ALL colonial laws & taxes
32b - explain colonial responses to British actions such as the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Acts as seen by the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, and the Committees of Correspondence
Stamp Act—colonies must pay a tax on all paper products like cards and newspapers
Townshend Acts—”indirect” tax on lead, paper, glass, tea

7. The “Sons of Liberty” urged colonial resistance to the Stamp Act using violence, if necessary
Colonists formed the First Continental Congress to help Americans in Boston; Formed Committees of Correspondence to increase communication among Americans
32b - explain colonial responses to British actions such as the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp Act, the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and the Intolerable Acts as seen by the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, and the Committees of Correspondence
Britain passed the Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts) to punish colonists

8. The American Revolution was inspired by the Enlightenment
John Locke—all men are born with natural rights & citizens can revolt from tyrannical gov’ts
Montesquieu—separation of powers; checks & balances
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense urged colonial independence
Rousseau believed that citizens have a social contract with their gov’t

9. By July 1776, how had colonial attitudes towards Great Britain changed?

10. Thomas Jefferson of Virginia was the principal author
By July 1776, enough Americans were “patriots” that members of the Second Continental Congress formed a 5-man committee to draft a Declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson of Virginia was the principal author
All men are born with “natural rights” of life, liberty, & property
Citizens can break their social contract with their gov’t when their gov’t becomes tyrannical
It was based on the “enlightened” ideas of John Locke & explained why the colonists were rebelling

11. Quick Class Discussion: Based on this word cloud, hypothesize THREE major themes present in the Declaration of Independence?

12. Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776)
Committee to draft the Declaration: Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, & Roger Sherman

13. Examining Excerpts from the Declaration of Independence: Read each passage of the Declaration of Independence. Working with a partner, summarize the main idea and write it in your own words in the chart

14. Examining Excerpts from the Declaration of Independence: Match each quotation in the chart with its appropriate interpretation in the slides that follow

15. A
If a government cannot protect the people, then the people should create a new government that can protect them

16. All people have natural rightsB
All people have natural rights

17. We should explain why we are declaring independence

18. Government power comes from the peopleD
Government power comes from the people

19. King George III has abused his power

20. These are the reasons we believe that the king has abused his powersF
These are the reasons we believe that the king has abused his powers

21. G
Because of the king’s abusive actions, we are declaring our independence as a new nation

22. H
We have explained to the king why we are unhappy but he has ignored us and has continued to hurt us

23. Decoding the Declaration of Independence
We should explain why we are declaring independence
All people have natural rights
Government power comes from the people
If a gov’t cannot protect people, then the people should create a new gov’t that can
King George III has abused his power
These are the reasons we believe that the king has abused his powers
We have explained to the king why we are unhappy but he has ignored us and hurt us
Because of the king’s abusive actions, we are declaring our independence as a new nation

24. The Declaration of Independence & Influences from the Enlightenment
Dec of Ind video from America: Story of Us (4.00) via youtube.com

25. The American Revolution notes Today’s HW: 4.3
Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
CPUSH Agenda for Unit 2.6:
Pop Quiz! 
The American Revolution notes
Today’s HW: 4.3
Unit 2 Test: Friday, August 31

26. Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
Warm-Up Question:
What factors do you think enabled the Colonists, with a small & inexperienced army, to beat the enormous & powerful British army?
Lesson Plan for September 3, 2009: Warm-Up Question, American Revolution Notes, Closure Activity

27. Use the data to prove or disprove the hypothesis

28. Costs and Benefits of American Independence
Why did the Americans chose independence?
Listen closely to the class reading of the article “Costs and Benefits of Independence”
When finished, work with your partner to answer the three questions:
What benefits did the colonists gain from membership in the British Empire?
What costs did the colonists incur as a result of being in the British Empire?
Why did the American colonists decide to fight for independence?
Too Late to Apologize Video (3.22)
Lesson 7: The students work in groups to discuss changes in the relationship between Britain and the American colonies. By the 1760s, the relationship between the British Parliament and the colonists was fraught with tension and resistance. Many colonists chose to take actions to separate from England in response to the Proclamation of 1763 and Parliament's decision to seek additional tax revenue to fund the costs of providing defense and protection in colonial America. Through the application of economic reasoning, this lesson explains why the colonists chose independence from the mother country.

29. The American Revolution notes Today’s HW: 4.3
Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
CPUSH Agenda for Unit 2.7:
Clicker Questions
The American Revolution notes
Today’s HW: 4.3
Unit 2 Test: Friday, August 31

30. America: The Story of Us American Revolution (3.31)
Watch the video from the America: The Story of Us series and answer these questions:
What advantages did the American colonists have over the British?
What advantages did the British have over the American colonists?
Why did the Americans win the Revolutionary War?

31. Formation of a Continental Army under George Washington
The Declaration of Independence was a formal demand for separation, but the Revolutionary War had already begun in 1775
Lexington & Concord
Formation of a Continental Army under George Washington
Americans were divided among Patriots, Loyalists, & Neutrals

33. Patriots vs. Loyalists Where were the Loyalists?
Why were Loyalists near cities?
Why are Indians loyalists?

34. Quick Class Discussion
What was the biggest advantage the American colonists had during the Revolutionary War?
What was the biggest advantage that Great Britain had during the Revolutionary War?
Based on this chart, who should win the war?

35. Revolutionary War
When the war began, the British had a clear military advantage:
400% larger & more experienced army
More money
The world’s most dominant navy
Manufacturing to make war supplies

36. Revolutionary War But, the American colonists had:
Britain under-estimated the colonial commitment to independence
But, the American colonists had:
Familiarity with the environment
A commitment to win the war
Short supply lines to their soldiers
A defensive strategy to outlast the British
To win, the English had to find & defeat the Continental Army

37. He had to build a professional army & coordinate the militias
As leader of the Continental Army, George Washington was the symbol of the American cause
He had to build a professional army & coordinate the militias
Encouraged common citizens & volunteer soldiers to support the war even when the British seemed destined to win during the early years of the revolution

38. American Military: Continental Army, Colonial Militias, & Civilians

39. Differing Military Strategies
The Americans
General Washington
The British
General Gage
Divide & Conquer
Use Loyalists, seize property, encourage slave revolts
Split the Northern & Southern colonies
Blockade ports to prevent trade
Outlast the British
Defend colonial lands & drag out the war
Guerilla tactics
Make an alliance with France
As long as Britain did not defeat the Continental Army, England could not win

40. The American Revolution began at Lexington & Concord

41. British victories from 1776-1777 made an American victory look impossible

42. British Seizure & Burning of New York, 1776

43. On Christmas Eve 1776, Washington gave Americans hope by crossing the Delaware River & surprising British troops in Trenton, NJ

44. Crossing the Delaware in route to a surprise attack at Trenton & Princeton, 1776

45. From the beginning of the war, American diplomats, led by Benjamin Franklin, tried to form an alliance with the French
The French gov’t was willing, but needed to see that the Americans had a chance to win
The French agreed to join the American cause after the battle of Saratoga in 1777

46. The American Revolution notes Today’s HW: 4.4
Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
CPUSH Agenda for Unit 2.8:
Clicker Questions
The American Revolution notes
Today’s HW: 4.4
Unit 2 Test: Friday, August 31

47. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point because France joined the Americans as an ally

48. The “turning point” of the Revolution: The Battle of Saratoga, 1777
After Saratoga, French general Lafayette helped train American troops while the French navy helped neutralize the British advantage on the high seas
When French troops arrived in the spring 1778, the tide of the war shifted in favor of the Americans
Marquis de Lafayette

49. During the winter of , Continental Army troops nearly starved at Valley Forge, PA but Washington & Lafayette inspired & trained the troops to continue the fight
Washington: the story of us video (2.19)

50. Near Starvation at Valley Forge, PA in 1778

51. From , both sides traded victories, but the war finally came to a conclusion at the Battle of Yorktown

52. The Battle of Yorktown Video
By 1781, Washington trapped the army of British General Cornwallis between the Continental Army & the French navy
America the Story of Us video on Yorktown (3.00)

53. Cornwallis’ surrender was the “day the world turned upside down”
The Battle of Yorktown
General Cornwallis surrendered to Washington in 1781, ending the American Revolution
Why the Americans won the Revolutionary War: America Story of Us video (3.20)
Cornwallis’ surrender was the “day the world turned upside down”

54. School House Rock The Shot Heard ‘Round the World

55. Essential Question:
How did the American colonists defeat the British during the Revolutionary War?
Warm-Up Question:
Why did America win the Revolutionary War? What role did Washington play?
Explain the significance of Lexington/Concord, Trenton, Saratoga, Yorktown, Valley Forge
Lesson Plan for September 4, 2009: Warm-Up Question, Treaty of Paris Group Activity, Treaty of Paris Notes, Closure Assignment

56. Class Activity: Creating the terms of the Treaty of Paris, 1783
In groups, consider the following:
What were American intentions when the war began?
Why did the French join?
Design a treaty that you feel would adequately satisfy the Americans at the end of the Revolutionary War

57. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 ended the American Revolution
The treaty gave America:
Full independence
All territory east of Mississippi River, between Canada & Florida
The removal of the British army from U.S. claims in America

58. North America 1754
North America 1763
North America 1783

59. Reviewing the American Revolution
Work with a partner to complete the Revolutionary War Timeline:
Step 1: Match the “word bank” numbers in the correct boxes on the second row of the timeline
Step 2: Write a sentence that answers the question in the top row of the timeline
Be prepared to share your answers

60. How did America change from 1763 to 1783
How did America change from 1763 to 1783? In your answer consider government authority, territorial expansion, & American identity

61. The American Revolution inspired other revolutions throughout the world
Use this chart to search for clues:
What “cause” do the American, French, & Latin American revolutions have in common?
Ideas of the ENLIGHTENMENT (natural rights, social contract theory) inspired all revolutions
DEBT was a common problem
TAXES were a common problem