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Published byLisa Blair Modified over 9 years ago
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20 th Century India Rags to Riches
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Pre-WWII Had been run by Brits for 200+ years –100,000 Brits controlled 450 million Indians!
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The Crown Jewel British East India Company saw India as money maker –Indian Textiles and Spices
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Benefits of UK rule Medicine, transportation, communication education and democracy
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Drawbacks to UK Rule Loss of culture, 30 million die from crop changes
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Early Efforts at Independence Sepoy Rebellion Indian National Congress (1885) formed Congress Party –Muslim make Muslim League in 1906
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Enter Mohandas Gandhi Civil Disobedience Hindu Nationalist
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Effects of WWII Britain used Indian Troops without seeking Congress Party approval –Fuels Separatist Fires… After the war, UK cost of empire too much…
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Independence and Partitions July 16, 1947 Two new states created, Hindu India and Muslim East and West Pakistan –Mass relocation through India… –VIOLENCE
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More Violence and a Martyr Over 1 million dead in ethnic cleansings Jan. 30, 1948 Gandhi assassinated by Hindu Nationalist for supporting partition : (
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The New Nations and Peace??? Jawaharlal Nehru, a secular Hindu, and Mohammad Ali Jinnah, a Muslim, become the first leaders for each country
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Walking Through Kashmir… DUCK! Hindu governor brought Muslim population into India at the partition. –BOTH SIDES WANT IT…WAR! –Still at odds… and NUCLEAR POWERS
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A Free India To aid poor, Nehru turns to Socialism –Economy weak, population on the rise… –Tried to help lower castes and Stressed industry –Made movement to counter bi- polar world
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Indira Gandhi 1966: Nehru’s daughter elected Population growth hurting economy Violent Sikh separatists attack –6/84 -Raid on the Golden Temple –500 Dead
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Another Dead Gandhi Two Sikh bodyguards killed her in retaliation
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Another Gandhi, er, Nehru Rajiv Gandhi, son of Indira, in power Brings capitalism (and corruption?) –Bombed for economic changes –Irony – these changes saved India…
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The Good, the Bad and the Ugly World’s largest democracy Excellent economic growth Still split by ethnic and religious factions Terrible poverty
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