1. IMAGINATION AND SUBCONSCIOUS: FANTASY/ DADA/ SURREALISM

2. FANTASY/ FANTASTIC ART Fantasy art was can be traced back to ancient times Each artist developing their own different styles Telling stories of myth and legends It was not accepted in the art world until the 20 th century; quite different now than it was before the 1900s. Modern Fantasy art was created to contrast that of the World Wars, made to take the mind away from the destruction. The imagery created would be considered “out of this world” Marc Chagall. I and the Village. (1913)

3. MARC CHAGALL. PARIS THROUGH MY WINDOW. (1913) OIL ON CANVAS. When Chagall moved to Paris, from Russia, in 1910, his style of painting started to reflect the latest styles and in France. He started to incorporate cubism into his work, taken from his friend Delaunay. Though Chagall often refused literary interpretations, his painting has multiple symbolic imagery. -The man with two faces -The man with the parachute -Eiffel Tower and the city -The cat with a face Can anyone guess some of the imagery and their meaning?

5. DADA/ DADA-ISM ART Created in Zurich, Switzerland, in 1916 during the first World War A group called the Dadaists (comprised of multiple artists and writers) were fed up with the war and publicly blamed rationalism, nationalism, etc. for starting the war. The Dadaists point for creating Dadaism was to spark controversy through nonsensical art; an example through quote would be “Dada is anti-Dada” When Dadaism was starting to get accepted in the art world, it started to self destruct. Marcel Duchamp. Bicycle Wheel. (1951)

6. Marcel Duchamp. L.H.O.O.Q. (1919) The letters pronounced is a pun, in French. Sounds almost like “Elle a chaud au cul” WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

7. MARCEL DUCHAMP. FOUNTAIN. (1917) READY MADE YEAH, THE TOILET BOWL -The Fountain by Marcel Duchamp is a standard urinal that is laid on its back. -The idea of the Fountain came from a conversation with American collector and artist Walter Arensburg and Joseph Stella; respectively. -Duchamp then bought a urinal and attempted to submit the readymade to an exhibition organized by the Society of Independent Artists. -Contrary to the rules, the board of directors did not accept the readymade and refused to exhibit it. -Duchamp and Arensburg then resigned from the group in protest. -Duchamp commented on the signature, stating he signed it “R. Mutt” after Mott Works, which was a large sanitary equiment manufacturer

8. MARCEL DUCHAMP. FOUNTAIN. (1917) READY MADE Since Mott would have been to close to the company, he changed it to Mutt after a comic strip came out that was titled “Mutt and Jeff” -The “R” stands for Richard, which was slang for “moneybags” -An article was posted about the Fountain, thought to have been written by Duchamp himself. 'Mr Mutt's fountain is not immoral, that is absurd, no more than a bathtub is immoral. It is a fixture that you see every day in plumbers' shop windows. Whether Mr Mutt with his own hands made the fountain has no importance. He CHOSE it. He took an ordinary article of life, placed it so that its useful significance disappeared under the new title and point of view - created a new thought for that object.' ('The Richard Mutt Case', The Blind Man, New York, no.2, May 1917, p.5.)

9. SURREALISM - Surrealism was created in the 1920s by combining Dada and Cubism. - Like Dadaism, the art movement was not accepted at first, but soon enough the eccentric and unique techniques soon caught up with the times. - It was created after the end of World War 1, in Europe, and mainly based in Paris. - André Brenton, a French poet, is known as the “Pope of Surrealism.” He wrote the Surrealist Manifesto - Describes how he wanted to combine the conscious and subconscious - The word surrealism was first used by him to describe the art to be a “fusion of elements of fantasy with elements of the modern world to form a kind of superior reality.”

10. -Like Dadaism, Surrealism focuses in on the idea of nonconformity, but not as extreme as Dada. -Most Surrealists based their art on memories, dreams and feelings; creating visuals in a more psychological aspect. -Surrealism utilizes an idea called the “Pure Psychic Automatism” -“Psychic automatism in its pure state by which we propose to express- verbally, in writing, or in any other manner- the real process of thought. The dictation of thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason and outside any aesthetic or moral concerns” Salvatore Dali. The Persistence of Memory. (1931) Oil on Canvas

11. Salvatore Dali. Metamorphosis of Narcissus. (1937) Oil on Canvas

12. SALVATORE DALI. METAMORPHOSIS OF NARCISSUS. (1937) OIL ON CANVAS Based on the Greek myth of Narcissus. Narcissus was a handsome young man, a womanizer who broke a lot of women’s hearts. As punishment, the Gods made Narcissus look at his reflection in the water. Seeing his own reflection, he started to fall in love with himself but got frustrated that he could not hold the reflection and died. The Gods would then name him after a flower; the narcissus flower or the daffodil. Dali used this as the inspiration and has created two different images of Narcissus; a before and after. Dali described his technique as “hand painted color photography” to created a hallucinatory feel to the composition.

13. RENE MAGRITTE. TIME TRANSFIXED. (1938) OIL ON CANVAS "I decided to paint the image of a locomotive.... In order for its mystery to be evoked, another immediately familiar image without mystery— the image of a dining room fireplace—was joined.“ - Rene Magritte In 1936, a collector named Edward James invited Magritte to his home in London to create painting for his ballroom. His creation combined two unrelated things to create mystery behind the painting; his use of realism increases the mystery behind the painting. Magritte was unhappy about the English translation of the French name, La Durée poignardé, which literally means "ongoing time stabbed by a dagger.“ He wished for Edward James to hang the painting at the bottom of the staircase so the train could “stab” guests as they made their way into the ballroom.

14. MERET OPPENHEIM. OBJECT. (1936) TEACUP, SAUCER AND SPOON COVERED WITH FUR The idea of Object was conceived through a conversation with Pablo Picasso and Dora Maar at a café. The two other artists were admiring Oppenheim’s bracelet and stated that “Almost anything can be covered in fur.” When Oppenheim’s tea started to get cold, she jokingly asked the waiter for “more fur” and thus sparked an idea From then, she the teacup, saucer and spoon that is part of Object. The fur used in the composition is Gazelle fur. Object was created in a time when Surrealists started to use sculpture as their medium Due to its acclaim, Object has become the definitive Surrealist art piece/ “object” Meret Oppenheim, though, was caused much dismay from this claim

15. QUESTIONS OR CONCERNS?

16. BIBLIOGRAPHY "Fantastic Art and Its Movements." Origins of Fantastic Art. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "What Dada Was and Why It Matters."About. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "Guggenheim." Collection Online. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "ARTSnFOOD." : Closely Looking at "Paris Par La Fenêtre" (Paris through the Window) by Marc Chagall Orange Shake. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "Marcel Duchamp, 'Fountain' 1917, Replica 1964." Tate. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "The Origins of Surrealism." The Origins of Surrealism. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "Salvador Dalí, 'Metamorphosis of Narcissus' 1937." Tate. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "About This Artwork." Time Transfixed. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.. "Meret Oppenheim, Object (Fur-covered Cup, Saucer, and Spoon), 1936." - Smarthistory. Web. 19 Nov. 2014..