2. Chapter Five Polyrhythm

3. Multi-Layered Rhythmic Structure Organized by a Common Unit Too Rapid to Be Perceived as a Beat Polyrhythm

4. Percussion Family Idiophones Membranophones

5. Produce their sounds from the materials from which they are made--such as claves, xylophones, cymbals Idiophones

6. Definite Pitch xylophone marimba ganda/amadina (African) vibraphones glockenspiel (bells) chimes (tubular bells) steel drums gong Indefinite Pitch cymbals (Turkish/Chinese) triangle tam-tam woodblock (Chinese––ban) claves castenets temple blocks maracas ratchet güiro Idiophones

7. Produce their sounds through the vibration of a stretched skin or membrane Membranophones Or a combination of membrane and idiophone.

8. Definite Pitch <nakers timpani> tabla kalangu dundun Membranophones

9. Indefinite Pitch Raised Rims field drum bass drum tom-toms timbales snare drum (sound modified by metal snares on bottom head) No Raised Rims bongos congas tambourine shaman drums bodhran Membranophones

10. W. African Percussion Instruments Idiophones Agogo Xylophones Shakere (rattles)

11. W. African Percussion Instruments Membranophones Djembe (hourglass drum) Dundun (talking drum)