2. BIT Assignment By CHAN Wai Kay 9th June, 2000

3. Diversity of Organisms and Classification

4. Classification of Organisms Kingdom Phylum / Division Class Species

5. The smallest group of organisms classified which can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring

6. Two Kingdom System Animals Plants

7. Animal Kingdom Divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of backbone: –Invertebrates : without backbone –Vertebrates : with backbone

8. Invertebrates

11. Vertebrates Divided into 5 groups: –Fish –Amphibians –Reptiles –Birds –Mammals

12. Fish Aquatic Cold-blooded Body covered with slimy and wet scales Streamline body for easy movement through water Fins for balance and to control movement Gills for breathing External fertilization

13. Amphibians Cold-blooded Scaleless, moist skin With 4 Limbs Larvae (tadpoles) use gills for breathing; adults use lungs External fertilization

14. Reptiles Cold-blooded Body covered with hard, dry scales Live on land Breathe with lungs Internal fertilization; lay shelled eggs

15. Birds Warm-blooded With feathers and wings Beak for feeding Lungs for breathing Internal fertilization; lay shelled eggs

16. Mammals Warm-blooded Hairs on skin Females have mammary glands for producing milk Lungs for breathing Diaphragm present Internal fertilization; embryos develop inside mothers’ bodies

17. Summary -- Body Covering of Vertebrate

18. Activities You may examine the real specimens displayed. Homework –Textbook Page 39 HKCEE 1989 5(b)

19. Plant Kingdom Can be divided into two groups: –Non-flowering plants –Flowering plants

20. Non-flowering plants 5 groups: –Fungi –Algae –Mosses –Ferns –Gymnosperms

21. Fungus kingdom Made up of hyphae No root, stem and leaf No chlorophyll –Saprophytic or parasitic Reproduce by forming spores

22. Algae Mostly aquatic May be unicellular or multicellular No root, stem or leaf Contain photosynthetic pigments (e.g. chlorophyll) for photosynthesis

23. Mosses With simple leaves and stems No root; with rhizoids for anchorage and absorption of water Reproduce by spores No vascular tissues Found in damp area

24. Ferns With true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues Reproduce by spores Live in damp places

25. Gymnosperms With true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues Reproduction by producing seeds –Seeds develop in cones, not enclosed by fruits  naked seeds Needle-shaped leaves to reduce water loss

26. Angiosperms (Flowering plants) With true roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues With flowers for reproduction Seeds are produced inside the fruit (matured ovary)

27. Summary

28. Remarks In Form 6/7, Fungi are grouped into a Kingdom by themselves. They are not considered as plants. In Form 4/5, bacteria are grouped under Fungi. In Form 6/7, bacteria are grouped into a Kingdom by themselves.

29. Activities You may examine the real specimens displayed. Homework –Textbook Page 37-38, HKCEE 1985 1(a) and HKCEE 1987 1(a)