2. Unit 9 – Emotion, Stress and Health

3. Do we smile because we’re happy? Are we happy because we smile? OR

4. Comic Test Materials: two writing utensils and the comic sheet Left side of room: hold one writing utensil between your nose and upper lip Right side of room: hold one writing utensil in your teeth, with your lips never touching Rate the following cartoons in terms of their humor on a scale of 1 (not funny at all) to 7 (extremely funny) use the other utensil to write with on the comic sheet provided

6. How you think determines how you feel

7. The Spillover Effect

8. James-Lange Theory

9. Cannon-Bard Theory Disagreed with James-Lange emotions occur simultaneously in the brain and body. The brain routes the sensory message to both at the same time. Cannon Bard’s theory explains how the same physiological arousal can cause different emotions.

10. Schacter’s Two Factor theory (AKA Two Factor, Schacter-Singer Two Factor, etc) Combines the other two. physical arousal is fuel that intensifies the emotion. after arousal occurs, the brain then puts a label thru cognition, deciding what the emotions should be.

12. Zajonc: response may precede cognition

14. LeDoux’s Dual Pathways

16. Summing it all up - Arousal fuels emotion Cognition channels it

17. Physiology of Emotion Emotions caused an aroused physiological state: automatic/sympathetic nervous system. Glucose released Respiration increased Blood clotter released Adrenaline: epinephrine, norepinephrine Blood pressure up.

18. Emotion and the Brain Different emotions flow through different brain circuits. Disgust/sadness = right brain circuits Happiness/positive emotions = left frontal lobe activities

19. Expressing Emotion Feeling emotion and expressing emotions are two very different things. Much of communication is nonverbal: body, face and gestures. Staring into eyes can give good “love” information. People are very good at reading nonverbal cues. You can tell a happy face from 100 yds. Angry faces tend to leap out of the crowd at you. Women are better at perceiving lies, loves, and emotional cues.

21. Reading Emotions Introverts are better at reading nonverbal cues extraverts are better at expressing them. Females are better than males.

22. Expressiveness Behavior Feedback phenomenon. Expressions not only communicate emotion but they regulate it: Smiling will make you happier. Walking boldly will make you more confident. Pull up on your desk, push down on it, which feels better?

23. Paul Ekman: Expressiveness and Culture However, facial expressions for various expressions are universal. (Ekman) For instance, Japanese rarely show self-aggrandizing and negative emotions but likely to show happiness, as means of social glue.