1. Causes of WWII in Europe Causes, Practices and Effects of Wars

2. Hitler’s rise to power Jan. 1933 Hitler is Chancellor of Germany totalitarian Military conscription/rearmament Nov. 1923 Hitler fails at coup d’etat Munich Beer Hall PutschHitler jailed (Mein Kampf) 1921 Hitler leader of Nazi Party 25 point programmeRally against Treaty

3. Short term causes of WWII (1933-38) Hitler attacks reparations (reparations suspended earlier, 1933 Hitler claims repayments will not resume) The world has already accepted this, so no big deal Hitler begins to rearm 1934-35, military spending increases five-fold

4. Compulsory military Admits to army and airforce RearmamentAttack treaty

5. How does the world react? Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935 Allows Germany to have a much larger military than allowed in Treaty of V. Shows that Hitler is intimidating Europe and that Europe has no interest in stopping him

6. So, what does Hitler do? March 1936 Germany sends 10,000 troops and 23,000 police to Rhineland (DMZ to protect France) France and Britain do nothing Winston Churchill later states this was the essential time Hitler could have been stopped

7. Germany sends troops to Spanish Civil War 1936 Tests Germany’s new armed forces Hitler prepping his forces for realities of war Hitler’s Condor Legion tests its aerial bombs in Guernica Foreshadowing

8. Rome-Berlin Axis 1936 Anti-Comintern Pact 1937 (Japan) 1937 Italy joins pact Hope is that Japan distracts the world (esp. Russia) in Asia so that Hitler gets less resistance

9. Hossbach Memorandum (Hitler’s last will and testament) -Aug. 1936 “Four Year Plan”—prep German economy for war -Secure and preserve racial purity -Rearmament is almost complete-any delay makes them obsolete -Distract France

10. Anschluss March 1938 Hitler sends troops to Austria with no resistance (violating Treaty) Chamberlain says it was wrong of Treaty to separate Germany and Austria Austria votes—Germany gains gold and iron ore Germany gains land, military, gold, iron ore

11. Czechoslovakia Germany wanted to regain Sudetenland France bound by treaty to protect Czech, Britain agreed to defend too 1938 Hitler says he will fight for Sudetenland World worried a war is coming

12. 15 Sept. 1938 Chamberlain negotiates- Hitler agrees to part of area 22 Sept. 1938 Hitler increases demands- wants all of Sudetenland Britain mobilizes navy 29 Sept. 1938 Britain, France, Italy give in (known as Munich Agreement) Hitler is successful with no force

13. Chamberlain declares “peace in our time” Arms race begins in Europe 15 March 1939 Germany takes over all of Czech

14. Immediate causes of war Aug 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact (won’t attack each other) Invasion of Poland 1 Sept. 1939 o Britain and France must become involved now

15. What was the role of appeasement in the war?