1. Circulation and Respiration Chapter 2 Vocabulary Cardiovascular System
Heart, Blood
and Blood Vessels
Vein
Artery
carries blood
to the heart
blood carried away
from the heart

2. Section 1: The Cardiovascular System
Pulmonary
Circulation
Systemic
Circulation
blood flows from the
heart to the lungs
and back to the
heart
blood flows from the
heart to all parts of
the body and back
to the heart

3. The Cardiovascular System
Section 1
The Cardiovascular System
The heart is the organ made
mostly of cardiac muscle.
Heart
The Cardiovascular System:
1. Helps maintain homeostasis.
2. Helps in regulation by chemical signals
called hormones.
cardiac
1. What is the Heart muscle called?_____________
ligament

4. Veins: Vein carries blood to the heart
Valves in the veins keep the blood 
from flowing backward.
1. Veins keep the blood flowing.
2. Veins carry blood to the heart.
1. What carries blood to the heart?_____________
veins
oxygen
Click on the blue button to watch a video on the Heart.

5. Arteries have thick walls that contain muscle.
blood carried away
from the heart
Artery
Arteries:
Arteries have thick walls that contain 
muscle.
1. Artery walls stretch.
2. Arteries are strong to stand pressure.
1. What do the walls do in the artery?________________
stretch
break
strong
2. Arteries stand pressure because they are?___________________
weak

6. Section 2: Blood Blood Blood Pressure fluid that carries nutrients and
wastes
force of blood

7. Blood fluid that carries nutrients and wastes
The fluid part of the blood is called Plasma.
Plasma contains:
1) Red blood cells
2) White blood cells
3) Platelets
Red blood cells take oxygen
to every cell in your body.
Red Blood Cells
Hemoglobin is an oxygen-carrying protein.
Platelets are pieces of larger cells found in bones.
White blood cells keep you healthy by destroying pathogens.
Click on blue button to watch a video on blood and platelets.

8. Blood pressure is given as two numbers:
force of blood
Blood pressure cuff
Blood pressure is given as two numbers:
Systolic: 1st number: is the pressure inside large arteries when the ventricles contract.
Diastolic: 2nd number: is the pressure inside arteries when the ventricles relax.
Each person has one of four blood types: A, B, AB, O
Click on the blue button to watch a video on the heart.

9. Section 3: The Lymphatic System
The Lymphatic System collects excess fluid and returns it to your 
bloodstream.
Bone Marrow
Tonsils
soft tissue inside
the bone
lymphatic tissue at the back
of the mouth on either
side of the tongue

10. Most red and white blood cells are produced in your bone marrow.
soft tissue inside
the bone
Bone Marrow
Most red and white blood cells are produced in your bone marrow.
Bone marrow is located inside the bone.
1) Where is bone marrow located?_________
inside
outside
blood cells
2) What is produced in the marrow?_________
lymph nodes
Click the blue button to watch a video on how the blood pumps.
Click the blue button to watch a video on red blood cells.

11. Tonsils help the body defend against infection.
lymphatic tissue at the back
of the mouth on either
side of the tongue
Tonsils
Tonsils help the body defend against 
infection.
Sometimes tonsils can become sore and 
swollen.
If a child has frequent infections or has 
enlarged tonsils, a doctor will remove the 
tonsils.
1) What helps your body against infection?_______________
tonsils
healthy eating

12. Section 4: The Respiratory System
The process where the body
gets oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide
Respiration
Pharynx
Throat
The part of the throat that
contains the vocal cords
Larynx
The tube that connects
the larynx to the lungs
Trachea

13. Respiration Breathing: Inhaling & Exhaling Cellular Respiration
The process where the body
gets oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide
Respiration
Breathing: Inhaling & Exhaling
Cellular Respiration
- You need to breathe to live.
- Chemical reactions that release 
energy from food.
1) What do you need to live?________________
breathing
a dog
2) What do you inhale?______________
oxygen
carbon dioxide
3) What do you exhale?____________
carbon dioxide
Blowing up a balloon
is exhaling.
oxygen

14. Pharynx
Throat
Food and drink travel through the pharynx on the way to the stomach.
A) The pharynx branches into two tubes.
B) One tube is the esophagus and the other is the larynx.
C) The esophagus leads to the stomach.
D) The larynx leads to the lungs.
esophagus
1. What tube leads to the stomach?_____________
lungs

15. 1 Larynx The part of the throat that contains the vocal cords
The vocal cords are a pair of elastic bands
that stretch across the larynx.
A) Muscles connected to the larynx control how
much the vocal cords are stretched.
B) When air flows between the vocal cords,
the cords vibrate.
C) These vibrations make sound.
Click on the blue button to watch a video on sound.
1) Why do vocal cords vibrate?____________
air flow
larynx
liquid flow
2) What makes sound?______________
vibrations
elastic bands

16. Trachea The Trachea is also known as your windpipe.
The tube that connects
the larynx to the lungs
Trachea
The Trachea is also known as your windpipe.
A) Your body has two, large spongelike lungs.
B) The trachea is the passageway for air
traveling from the larynx to the lungs.
1) What is the passageway for air?____________________
trachea
esophagus
2) the trachea is also known as the?___________________
windpipe
esophagus