1. Carbon Compounds .

2. Saturated Hydrocarbons
A Hydrocarbon is an organic compound that contains only the elements hydrogen and carbon.
In a saturated hydrocarbon, all the bonds are single bonds.
Alkane is another name for a saturated hydrocarbon.

3. Ethane

4. Characteristics of Hydrocarbons
Factors that determine the properties of a hydrocarbon are:
The number of carbon atoms
How the atoms are arranged:
Straight chain
Branched chain
Ring

5. Straight Chains One carbon Methane Two carbon ethane Three carbon
A hydrocarbon can contain one carbon atom, as in methane or thousands of carbon atoms, as in cellulose
One carbon
Methane
Two carbon
ethane
Three carbon
propane
Four carbon
butane
Five carbons
pentane
Six carbon
hexane

6. Halosomers

7. Branched Chains The structural formula for certain alkanes can differ.
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas are isomers.

8. The Ring
Carbons can be arranged in a ring, such as cyclobutane.

9. Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
A hydrocarbon that contains one or more double or triple bonds is an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
There are three types of unsaturated hydrocarbons alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

10. Alkenes
Many fruit bearing plants produce ethene, which controls the rate at which fruits ripening.

11. Alkynes Alkynes are the most reactive hydrocarbon compounds.
They produce extremely high temperatures while burning.

12. Aromatic Hydrocarbons
These alternating single and double bond hydrocarbons form a ring.
Many of these compounds have strong aromas or odors.

13. Fossil Fuels
Three types of fossil fuels are coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
The primary products of the complete combustion of fossil fuels are carbon dioxide and water

14. Substituted Hydrocarbons
The functional group in an alcohol is a hydroxyl group, -OH.
The functional group in an organic acid is a carboxyl group,-COOH.
The functional group in an amine is an amino group, -NH2

15. Alcohols
When a halocarbon reacts with a hydroxyl group.

16. Polymers
Polymers can be classified as natural polymers or synthetic polymers.
Rubber, nylon, and polyethylene are three examples of compounds than can be synthesized.

17. Types Four types of polymers produced in plant and animal cells are:
Starches
Cellulose
Nucleic acids
Proteins