1. Nonverbal Communication 1 Focus Questions What is nonverbal communication? To what extent can we read others’ nonverbal behaviors? How does nonverbal communication regulate interaction? How does nonverbal communication express the balance of power between people? How does nonverbal communication express cultural values? What does silence mean?

2. Nonverbal Communication 2 Actions speak louder than words! Facial expressions Eye contact Body postures Physical Objects Utterance Others… 1986

3. Nonverbal Communication 3 Warming up…. Mr. Bean Going out with Girl Friend… Chaplin’s Gold Rush-1925 (Table Ballet)… 07:47 01:01

4. Nonverbal Communication 4 Principles of Nonverbal Comm. Account for 65-93 % of meaning in communication Nonverbal comm. can be ambiguous Spreading fingers → V Victory; Peace (60s); 照相時的 ”Yeah!” Nonverbal comm. interact with verbal comm. (5 ways) Repeat, highlight, complement, contradict, substitute

5. Nonverbal Communication 5 Principles of Nonverbal Comm. (2) Nonverbal comm. can regulate interaction Cues for speaking and silence Can establish relationship-level meaning 3 dimensions: Responsiveness, liking, power Silence: a powerful form of nonverbal comm. Reflects cultural values Most nonverbal comm. isn’t instinctual but learned thru socialization Territoriality (private spaces) Time consciousness Norms of “touching” p.130

6. Nonverbal Communication 6 9 Types of Nonverbal Behaviors 1. Kinesics (Body positions & motions & face) 1968 Olympics incident (gloved fist - see next slide) 2. Haptics (Physical touch) Babies in healthy & disturbed families ; p.134 3. Physical appearance Height, skin color, size Fortune reading 4. Artifacts (personal objects) Identity: lace, color functional for male

7. Nonverbal Communication 7 Gloved Fist as a Sign of Black Unity 1968 Olympics in Mexico City Tommie Smith & John Carols as Gold & Bronze US team expelled Martin Luther King: I have a dream…

8. Nonverbal Communication 8 牽手與靜坐

9. Nonverbal Communication 9 超猛的 Yeah!

10. Nonverbal Communication 10 9 Types of Nonverbal Behaviors (2) 5. Proxemics (personal space) p. 137 6. Environmental factors Music, light in restaurants 7. Chronemics (perception & use of time) 8. Paralanguage (vocal qualities) 9. Silence

11. Nonverbal Communication 11 餐桌座位 （ Proxemics ﹔一般性的原則） 商務 ( 西式 ) ︰正對門的位置是買單的位 置，右手是貴賓，對面最好坐自己的助 手 ( 副主陪、女主人 ) 。先請女士（主客） 就座。 中式︰主客也各有其位，但由主人來安 排座位，主座一定是邀請人，即買單的 人，一般是距門口最遠的正中央位置 。

12. Nonverbal Communication 12 Nonverbal Messages 02:35

13. Nonverbal Communication 13 Guidelines for Effective Nonverbal Communication Monitor your nonverbal communication Be tentative when interpreting others’ nonverbal communication Personal qualification Generalization issue Contextual qualification Settings, surroundings (home vs. conference room)

14. Nonverbal Communication 14 Communication case study A project is meeting to discuss the most effective way to presents its recommendations for implementing a flextime policy on a trial basis. … 02:34

15. Nonverbal Communication 15 Discussion: 1. Identify non-verbal behaviors that regulate turn-taking. 2. Identify non-verbal behaviors that express relationship-level meaning (liking & disliking). 3. How do artifacts affect interaction of the team?

16. Nonverbal Communication 16 Service Provider (3 scenarios) Observe each service provider’s non-verbal behavior, and interpret their attitude. (Next slide: mute video clips)

17. Nonverbal Communication 17

18. Nonverbal Communication 18 Your Observation?