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Published byCaiden Monhollen Modified over 9 years ago
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Contraception & Family Planning
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I don’t have sex. I do have sex, and we use birth control every time. I do have sex, and we use birth control some of the time. I do have sex, and we use the withdrawal method. I do have sex, and we never use birth control.
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22 April 2010Contraception.ppt3 Contraception Three general strategies: Prevent ovulation Prevent fertilization Keep sperm & ovum away from each other Prevent implantation
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22 April 2010Contraception.ppt4 Prevent Ovulation “The Pill” Synthetic hormones mimic effect of progesterone. Inhibits FSH & LH, and their effects on follicle development Hormonal Implants Norplant Hormonal Injections Depo-provera Vaginal Implant NuvaRing
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Birth Control Pills 99.5% effective Lighter, predictable periods Milder cramps Protects against uterine, ovarian cancer Protects against benign breast disease Low risk of side-effects Must take a pill each day
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Hormonal Injections - Depo-provera 99% effective Lasts 3 months IM injection Amenorrhea, spotting Weight gain Ovulation returns in 4.5 months Average 10 months to conception
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8 Prevent Fertilization Celibacy (Is this contraception, or non-participation?) Condom Male and Female Spermicide Foam, cream, gel Film Diaphragm Cervical Cap Sterilization Vasectomy Tubal ligation Rhythm Withdrawal
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Condom 98% effective Protects against some STDs
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Female Condom 95% effective Protects against some STDs Noisy Use extra lubrication
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Foam 80-85% effective Works immediately Effective for an hour Over the counter No douching for 6 hours after intercourse 20% have burning (reaction)
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Film 80-85% effective Works 10 min after insertion Effective for an hour Over the counter No douching for 6 hours after intercourse 20% have burning (reaction)
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Diaphragm 95% effective Requires fitting, manual dexterity Leave in place 6 hours after intercourse Use with contraceptive jelly/cream
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Cervical Cap Small latex thimble Must remain in place for 8 hours Increased risk of infection
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Tubal Ligation & Vasectomy Surgical sterilization Permanent, irreversible >99% effective Male Minor outpatient surgery Female Major surgery
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22 April 2010Contraception.ppt16 Prevent fertilization Rhythm – Natural Family Planning Avoid intercourse during woman’s likely fertile period ~ 1 week before ovulation to ~ 4 days after ovulation
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Rhythm – Natural Family Planning Avoid unprotected intercourse day #9-19 70-80% effective Assumes ovulation about day #14
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Withdrawal 80-90% effective Always available Requires motivation, sense of timing Some sperm present in pre-ejaculatory fluid
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22 April 2010Contraception.ppt19 Prevent implantation Intrauterine Device (IUD) “Morning-after pill” High dose progestins Immunize woman against embryo
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IUD 98-99% effective Lasts 10 years Heavier, crampier periods Risk of infection/PID Risk of ectopic pregnancy Good candidate: multiparous monogamous
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MethodCharacteristics AbstinenceONLY method that is 100% effective Birth control pillsSome side effects; 95-98% effective Cervical capSmall latex thimble must remain in place 8 hours; increased risk of infection; 60-91% effective CondomHelps reduce spread of STDs. Effectiveness 86-97%; should be used with spermicide. DiaphragmUsed with spermicide; increases risk of UTI; 80-94% effective Hormonal implantsCapsules placed under the skin of upper arm; 99% effective for up to 5 years Hormonal injectionsHormones given by physician monthly or once every 3 months; may cause irregular bleeding; 99% effective Hormonal patchThin patch worn on skin 3 weeks each month; similar side effects to BC pills; 99% effective Intrauterine device (IUD) & Uterine implant May cause discomfort & side effects first 3 months of use; up to 99% effective Natural family planningKnown as the rhythm method, 53-80% effective SpermicideFoams, creams, gels; may cause allergic reactions; 72% effective; Use with condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap Vaginal implantRing worn internally for 3 weeks each month; 95-99% effective
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Effectiveness Rates MethodTypicalPerfect Absitnence100% Implant99.96%99.8% Male Sterilization99.85%99.6% Female Sterilization99.5% IUD99.2%99.4% Shot97%99.7% Combined Methods92%99.7%
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Male Condom85%98% Diaphragm84%94% Sponge (never have been pregnant) 84%91% Female Condom79%95% Fertility Awareness75%98% Withdrawal73%96% Spermicides71%82% Sponge (has been pregnant)68%80% Emergency Contraceptive65%75-98% No Method15%
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Finish these Sentences… I hope my children will wait to be married until…… I hope my children wait to have sex until…. I hope my children will wait to have children of their own until….
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