1. Birth Control & Family Planning

2. Abstinence Abstinence is not having sex
People choose abstinence for many reasons
They feel they are too young
They want to wait
Don’t want to risk getting pregnant or getting an STD
They are not ready to have sex
Religious or moral reason
Haven’t met the right person
Afraid of how family and friends will view them
………and many more

3. Effectiveness of Abstinence
The only 100% effective in preventing pregnancy
Couples view abstinence in different ways;
No sexual touching at all
Everything except intercourse

4. Advantages 0% chance of getting pregnant
Protects you from STDs and HIV
You don’t have to go to a doctor or clinic
You don’t need to buy devices or remember to take anything
Allows the relationship to grow w/o the pressures having sex can bring

5. Disadvantages
Challenges and dealing with the pressures of remaining abstinent

6. Birth Control Pills (Hormonal Method)
Pills can be taken to prevent pregnancy
Pills are safe and effective when taken properly
Pills are over 99% effective
Women must have a pap smear to get a prescription for birth control pills

7. How does the pill work? Stops ovulation Thins uterine lining
Thickens cervical mucus

8. Positive Benefits of Birth Control Pills
Prevents pregnancy
Eases menstrual cramps
Shortens period
Regulates period
Decreases incidence of ovarian cysts
Prevents ovarian and uterine cancer
Decreases acne

9. Side-effects Breast tenderness Nausea Increase in headaches Moodiness
Weight change
Spotting

10. Taking the Pill Once a day at the same time everyday
Use condoms for first month
Use condoms when on antibiotics
Use condoms for 1 week if you miss a pill or take one late
The pill offers no protection from STD’s

11. Spermicides
Contraceptive foam, gels, suppositories, and film contain chemicals that kill sperm.
They are inserted into the vagina before intercourse and should be used with a condom.
75%-80% effective if used alone
98% effective if used with condom

12. Spermicides-Side Effects
Allergic reaction
Burning or irritation

13. MALE CONDOM (Barrier Method)
Perfect effectiveness rate = 97%
Typical effectiveness rate = 88%
Latex and polyurethane condoms are available
Combining condoms with spermicides raises effectiveness levels to 99%

14. MALE CONDOM
Thin membrane made of latex, polyurethane or sheepskin that fits over the erect penis to catch semen when the male ejaculates.
Condoms protect against some STDs and unwanted pregnancy.
Have a reservoir tip to collect semen at ejaculation

15. DIAPHRAGM (Barrier Method)
Prevents pregnancy blocks the egg and sperm from meeting
Barrier methods have higher failure rates than hormonal methods due to design and human error
Diaphragms require a doctor visit to be properly fitted

16. FEMALE CONDOM (Barrier Method)
Made as an alternative to male condoms
Polyurethane
Physically inserted
in the vagina
Perfect rate = 95%
Typical rate = 79%
Woman can use female condom if partner refuses to use a condom

17. Depo-Provera (Hormonal Method)
Birth control shot given once every three months to prevent pregnancy
99.7% effective preventing pregnancy
No daily pills to remember

18. How does the shot work? Stops ovulation Stops menstrual cycles
Thickens cervical mucus

19. SIDE EFFECTS NO PERIOD after 3-6 months
Extremely irregular menstrual bleeding and spotting for 3-6 months!
NO PERIOD after 3-6 months
Weight change
Breast tenderness
Mood change
*NOT EVERY WOMAN HAS SIDE-EFFECTS!

20. NuvaRing (Hormonal Method)
Flexible contraceptive vaginal ring that contains the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
The ring releases a continuous low dose of hormones that stops the ovaries from releasing an egg each month.

21. NuvaRing
Insert the ring in the vagina and leave it there for three weeks
Remove the ring for one-week ring-free period, on the same day of the week at about the same time. During the one-week break, you will usually have your menstrual period.

22. Side effects
Possible side effects are the same as birth control pills.
They may include breast tenderness, headache, nausea, and spotting. Most side effects are not serious and often go away.
Women who use hormonal contraception should not smoke

23. The Patch (Hormonal Method)
Transdermal contraceptive patch that contains estrogen and progesterone
The patch is thin, beige, flexible , two inch square that is worn on the body.
The increased hormone level caused by the patch stops the ovaries from releasing an egg each month

24. How it works 99% effective
Apply patch one week on the same day each week for three weeks
Can wear it on hip/lower back, abdomen, torso, or on the outside of your upper arm
During week four do not wear the patch(your period will begin)

25. Side effects Breast tenderness Headache Skin irritation Nausea
Increases blood clot

26. IUD (intrauterine device)
IUDs are a flexible object inserted into the uterus, it has a nylon thread that extends through the cervix for removal and so the woman can check to be sure it is still in place
IUDs are always in place an do not interfere with sex
They are a good option for women who cannot tolerate hormones

27. How they work IUDs with copper act as a spermicide (99% effective)
IUDs with out copper have a synthetic hormone that thicken the cervical mucus so sperm cannot enter the uterus
(97.8% effective)

28. Side Effects During insertion uterine perforations may occur
Uterine cramping may increase
May cause a heavier menstrual flow
IUD may be expelled
May increase risk of PID (pelvic inflammatory disease

29. Emergency Contraception What is it?
Emergency contraception (EC) is a safe and effective way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected intercourse. It can be started up to five days (120 hours) after unprotected intercourse.

30. How does it work?
The hormones in the morning after pill work by keeping a woman's ovaries from releasing eggs — ovulation. Pregnancy cannot happen if there is no egg to join with sperm. The hormones in the morning after pill also prevent pregnancy by thickening a woman's cervical mucus. The mucus blocks sperm and keeps it from joining with an egg.

31. How do I take it? Taken within a 72 hour period it is 89% effective
If taken after 72 hours it is 75% effective
Can be taken up to 5 days after intercourse but is more effective if taken with in 24 hours
Plan B can be taken in one dose or two doses. If you take it in two doses, take the second pill 12 hours after the first pill. Or simply take them both at the same time. It's your choice.
When you take birth control pills as emergency contraception, you must take the pills in two doses, 12 hours apart. The number of pills in each dose depends on the brand of the pill. You must use the same brand of pill for each dose.

32. When should it be used?
The condom broke or slipped off, and he ejaculated in your vagina.
You forgot to take your birth control pills, insert your ring, or apply your patch.
Your diaphragm or cap slipped out of place, and he ejaculated inside your vagina.
You miscalculated your "safe" days.
You weren't using any birth control.
You were forced to have unprotected vaginal sex, or were raped.

33. Emergency Contraception
Plan B is available from drugstores and health centers without a prescription for women and men 17 and older.
If you are interested in getting Plan B and are 17 or older, you can either get it directly from a Planned Parenthood health center or from your local drugstore.
If you are younger than 17, you'll need to go to a health center or private health care provider for a prescription.

34. Natural Family Planning & Fertility Awareness Method
Women take a class on the menstrual cycle to calculate more fertile times
Requires special equipment and cannot be self-taught
NFP abstains from sex during the calculated fertile time
FAM uses barrier methods during fertile time
Perfect effectiveness rate = 91%
Typical effectiveness rate = 75%
No 100% safe day-irregular periods

35. EXCELLENT REFERENCE SEE: