1. 1 Pertemuan 15 Teknologi Personal Matakuliah: T0604-Pengantar Teknologi Informasi Tahun: 2008 Versi: 2.0/0.0 Williams, B.K, Stacy C. Sawyer (2007). Using Information Technology: A Practical Introduction to Computers & Communications. Seventh Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York. ISBN-13: 978-0- 07-110768-6 Sumber: Chapter 7. Personal Technology: The Future is You, p.367

2. 2 Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu : menjelaskan berbagai teknologi utk memenuhi kebutuhan pribadi; pengertian konvergensi, portabilitas, dan personalisasi; berbagai teknologi audio, jenis-jenis radio high-tech; teknologi kamera digital (C2)

3. 3 Outline Materi Convergence, Portability, & Personalization MP3 Players High-Tech Radio Digital Cameras: Changing Photography

4. 7-4 Convergence, Portability, & Personalization Digital Convergence –Describes the combining of several industries – computers, communications, consumer electronics, entertainment, and mass media – through various devices that exchange data in digital form Pros: –Multiple use machines such as Xbox that can play games, display DVD movies, and play music CDs –Cellphones with enhancing features such as address books and digital cameras that also shoot videos Cons: –Multiple features that compromise the primary feature, such as an internet refrigerator

5. 7-5 Convergence, Portability, & Personalization Portability –Pros Devices that enable phone and email access from anywhere, portable digital music, and convenient cheap digital photos allow people to remain connected even while on the move –Cons Your boss may expect you to answer e-mail and voicemail evenings and weekends People whom you never meet in person may misrepresent themselves, and/or misunderstand you, since they don’t see your body language Discussion Question: Have you experienced any of these problems? How did you handle it?

6. 7-6 Convergence, Portability, & Personalization Personalization –Tree-and-branch telecommunications model A centralized information provider sends out messages through many channels to thousands of consumers Used by AM/FM radio and by TV broadcasters Hard to personalize –Switched-network communications model A common carrier provides circuit switching that creates a temporary two-way connection between one public user and another In a telephone network, the connection is made by dialing Personalized by default

7. 7-7 Convergence, Portability, & Personalization Choice Overload –Described by Barry Schwartz, author of The Paradox of Choice: Why More is Less –People are unhappy when they have too many choices Regret: People are more likely to regret their decisions Inaction: People can’t decide now because they might later regret their decisions Excessive Expectations: Reality has a hard time meeting the expectations when there are so many choices Self-blame: People blame themselves for making the wrong decision Discussion Question: How many of you have put off buying a computer or other item because the price might come down or a better one might come out?

8. 7-8 Convergence, Portability, & Personalization Popular personal technologies –MP3 audio players –Satellite, high-definition, and internet radios –Digital cameras –Personal digital assistants and tablet PCs –Smartphones –High-definition TV –Videogame systems

9. 7-9 MP3 Players MP3 is a format that allows audio files to be compressed so they are small enough to be sent over the internet or stored as digital files MP3 players are portable devices that play MP3 files Vendors include –Apple iPod (market leader) –Archos, Creative, Dell, iRiver, Panasonic, RCA, Samsung, Sandisk, Sony, Virgin Electronics Storage methods –Hard drive storage (holds more, costs more) –Flash storage (holds less, costs less)

10. 7-10 MP3 Players Technology Considerations –Storage capacity –Sampling rate –Transferring files –Battery life –Color screens and photo viewing –Other features such as FM radio reception Music recording using extra microphone Car stereo adapter to connect player to your car’s speakers

11. 7-11 MP3 Players Societal Effects –One in ten American adults owns an MP3 player –One in five American adults under 30 owns one –Offer convenience and portability to music listeners –Warning! Over 85 decibels can cause hearing loss! –85 decibels is as loud as a vacuum cleaner or a crowded restaurant – not that loud! –For more information, see http://www.lhh.org/noise/decibel.htm http://www.lhh.org/noise/decibel.htm –lhh stands for the “League for the Hard of Hearing” –So turn them DOWN!

12. 7-12 High-Tech Radio Satellite radio –Digital radio signals are sent from satellites in orbit around the earth to subscribers that have special radios –CD-quality sound is better than normal radio –More channels than regular radio –SDARS providers are XM satellite radio Sirius satellite radio –Commercial-free

13. 7-13 High-Tech Radio High-Definition Radio –Provides CD-quality sound –Standard allows two digital and one analog station on the same radio frequency –Analog main channel plus two digital sidebands –Broadcasting’s answer to competition from satellite radio –Requires an HD-compatible radio –L.A. and Chicago now have 10 high-definition stations each

14. 7-14 High-Tech Radio Internet Radio –Internet users can listen to radio from their PCs –There are some services such as Yahoo’s Musicmath that require users to subscribe –Other internet radio may be free, such as WMNR, a Fine Arts radio station that also broadcasts from Monroe CT at 88.1 FM www.wmnr.org www.wmnr.org –To see a list of free internet radio stations, visit www.live365.comwww.live365.com

15. 7-15 High-Tech Radio Podcasting –Involves the recording of internet radio or similar internet programs –Requires no studio or broadcast tower and is not regulated by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) –Allows amateur deejays and hobbyists to create their own radio shows

16. 7-16 Digital Cameras Cameras that take photographs but do not require film Very competitive field with many new product releases Types to consider –Point-and-shoot digital camera Automatically adjusts settings such as exposure and focus Easy to use, but manual controls can allow you to tweak the settings to get better photos ($197 - 600) –Single-lens reflex (SLR) digital camera Uses a reflecting mirror to reflect the incoming light so the viewfinder shows what the lens is framing ($789 - $1,148)

17. 7-17 Digital Cameras Resolution –Measured in megapixels, or millions of picture elements –Measure the maximum resolution of an image taken by the camera –Important if you plan to enlarge your photos – more is better Lenses –Digital zoom Means the image is cropped in the camera Can produce a grainy photo –Optical zoom Enlarges the subject without you needing to move closer Lens extends to focus on distant objects Storage –Uses flash memory cards –128 megabyte card holds 80 images from a 3 megapixel camera, while 1 gigabyte holds about 600 still images

18. 7-18 Digital Cameras Selecting which photos to take and keep –Optical viewfinders let you see the image to be photographed before you snap the picture –LCD screens let you review the photos you take Start-up time –Digital cameras require time to start up –Look for one that has a short start-up time –Also, the shutter can lag and delay the time between when you press the button and the shutter clicks –Look for a camera that allows “burst” or “continuous “ mode

19. 7-19 Digital Cameras Battery life –The camera requires a battery to function –Some rechargeable batteries are available with many models –Some recharge in the camera, while others require a separate charging stand Video clips –Most digital cameras can shoot movies, too –1-gigabyte memory cards can shoot as many as 44 minutes of video at 30 frames per second

20. 7-20 Digital Cameras Principle methods for transferring images –Use a direct connection between your camera and your PC. Requires you to install software on the PC –Insert the memory card into your PC’s USB port –Put your camera into a cradle attached to the PC –Use a photo printer with a built-in card slot –Use a portable CD burner –Use an MP3 player –Use a photo-printing kiosk –Use a photo lab –Bring along your own card reader and use others’ computers

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