1. Chapter 8 Launching the Nation

2. was originally a group selected by state legislatures to represent the popular vote in determining the winner of presidential elections. was originally a group selected by state legislatures to represent the popular vote in determining the winner of presidential elections.

3. was unanimously selected as president of the United States by the electoral college. was unanimously selected as president of the United States by the electoral college.

4. The first capital of the United States The first capital of the United States

5. The idea for this group originated when President Washington began meeting with executive department heads as a group. The idea for this group originated when President Washington began meeting with executive department heads as a group.

6. heads of the executive departments heads of the executive departments

7. His biggest challenge was finding a way to pay off the national debt. His biggest challenge was finding a way to pay off the national debt.

8. created a federal court system with three levels. created a federal court system with three levels.

9. an action or decision that serves as an example. an action or decision that serves as an example.

10. Which leader supported strict construction, meaning that the federal government should do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do? Which leader supported strict construction, meaning that the federal government should do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do?

11. Was chartered by Congress in 1791 so the government could safely deposit money and make loans to state government and businesses Was chartered by Congress in 1791 so the government could safely deposit money and make loans to state government and businesses

12. Who supported loose construction, meaning that the federal government can take actions that the Constitution does not specifically forbid? Who supported loose construction, meaning that the federal government can take actions that the Constitution does not specifically forbid?

13. groups that organize to help elect government officials and to influence government policies groups that organize to help elect government officials and to influence government policies

14. gave the United States access to American Indian lands in the Northwest Territory and guaranteed safety of U.S. citizens there gave the United States access to American Indian lands in the Northwest Territory and guaranteed safety of U.S. citizens there

15. His forces defeated American Indian confederation forces in the Battle of Fallen Timbers. His forces defeated American Indian confederation forces in the Battle of Fallen Timbers.

16. American Indians were supplied with guns and ammunition by American Indians were supplied with guns and ammunition by

17. In 1794 farmers protested a tax on alcoholic beverages in a revolt knows as In 1794 farmers protested a tax on alcoholic beverages in a revolt knows as

18. stated that the United States would not take sides in conflicts involving European nations. stated that the United States would not take sides in conflicts involving European nations.

19. the amount of money owed by the United States to various lenders. the amount of money owed by the United States to various lenders.

20. certificates that represent money owed by the government to private citizens. certificates that represent money owed by the government to private citizens.

21. Investors who bought many bonds at low prices in the hope that the value would rise later Investors who bought many bonds at low prices in the hope that the value would rise later

22. states that the federal states that the federal government can do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do. government can do only what the Constitution specifically says it can do.

23. states that the federal states that the federal government can take reasonable actions that the Constitution does not specifically forbid. government can take reasonable actions that the Constitution does not specifically forbid.

24. became vice president in 1796 because he was the second-place finisher in the presidential election. became vice president in 1796 because he was the second-place finisher in the presidential election.

25. first secretary of the treasury first secretary of the treasury

26. first chief justice of the United States first chief justice of the United States

27. A tax on imported goods is a A tax on imported goods is a

28. The president was allowed to expel foreign citizens from the United States under the authority of the The president was allowed to expel foreign citizens from the United States under the authority of the

29. U.S. citizens were forbidden to “write, print, utter or publish” any false or hostile words against the government or its polices by the U.S. citizens were forbidden to “write, print, utter or publish” any false or hostile words against the government or its polices by the

30. These Acts were opposed when Madison and Jefferson wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions. These Acts were opposed when Madison and Jefferson wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.