1. January 6 Bell Work
What are two events that you feel were important in the medical history.
This can be an invention, discovery, procedure, treatment, etc.
Keep it simple – the creation the bifocal glasses was a great invention, I couldn’t read without my bifocals. (anyone know who created the bifocal?)

2. Introduction to Health Occupations
Historical Events in Healthcare

3. Primitive Times
4000 BC – 3000 BC
Believed that illness and disease was caused by spirits and demons
Herbs and plants used as medicines
Trepanation, boring a hole in the skull was used to treat mental illness, epilepsy and headache
Average life span 20 years

4. Ancient Egyptians 3000 BC - 300 BC Imhotep - God of Healing
Called upon the gods to heal them
Believed diseases was caused by spiritual beings. Spells and magic were used to treat.
"These words are to be spoken over the sick person. ‘O Spirit, male of female, who lurks hidden in my flesh and in my limbs, get out of my flesh. Get out of my limbs!" This was a remedy for a mother and child.
Average life span 20-30

5. Ancient Chinese
1700 BC – 220 AD
Believe that the mind, the body and the spirit are all equally necessary when it comes to the health of the person
Recorded use of herbs for medication
Began to search for medical reasons for illness
Average life span years

6. Ancient Greeks
1200 BC – 200 BC
Began modern medical science by observing human body and the effects of disease
Hippocrates is called the Father of Medicine
Recorded signs and symptoms of disease
Created a high standard of ethics called the Hippocratic Oath (still used today)

7. Ancient Greeks, continued
Aristotle dissected animals and is called he founder of comparative anatomy
Used massage and art therapy, and herbal treatments that are still used today
Stressed diet and cleanliness as a way to prevent illness
Average life span years

8. Ancient Romans Aesculapius
753 BC – 410 AD
Studied the Greek Medicine
First to organize medical care for injured soldiers
Diet, exercise, and medication were used to treat disease
Began public health and sanitation systems
Created aqueducts to carry clean water
Built sewers to carry waste materials away
Average life expectancy 25 to 35 years

9. Bell Work January 9 Who is called the Father of Medicine?
Which culture believes that the mind, the body and the spirit are all equally necessary when it comes to the health of the person?
What is the term for boring a hole in the skull was used to treat mental illness, epilepsy and headache?

10. Dark Ages is a period of both cultural and economic deterioration that took place in Western Europe following the decline of the Roman Empire.
400 – 800 AD
Emphasis was placed on saving the soul and study of medicine was prohibited
Use of prayer to treat illness and disease
Monks and priests provided care
Average life span years

11. Middle Ages
800 AD – 1400 AD
Renewed interest in the medical practice by the Greeks and Romans
First medical universities in the 9th Century
Bubonic Plague killed from ½ - ¾ of Europe and Asia’s population – spread by infected bite of a flea
Used animal gut for suture material
Average life span years

12. Renaissance
1350 – 1650 AD
Dissection of the body lead to a better understanding of anatomy & physiology
Michaelangelo and da Vinci used dissection to draw the human body more realistically
First published anatomy book (Andreas Vesalius)
Average life span years

13. 16th and 17th Century
Causes of diseases were still not known and many people died from infections
Anton van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope in 1666
Apothecaries (early pharmacies) made, prescribed, and sold medications
Average life span years

14. January 10 and 11
What invention in the 17th Century led to the discovery of bacteria and viruses?
The microscope
Who drew the Anatomical Man during the Renaissance?
Leonardo da Vinci

15. 18th Century Gabriel Fahrenheit created the first mercury thermometer
Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals for glasses
John Hunter, an English surgeon established surgical procedures and introduced feeding tubes
Average life span 40-50

16. 19th Century
Florence Nightengale became the founder of modern nursing and established efficient and sanitary nursing units during the Crimean War of 1854
Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1881
Average life span 40-60

17. 20th Century Walter Reed found that mosquitoes carry yellow fever
Sigmund Freud’s studies became a foundation for psychology and psychiatry
Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin
Jonas Salk develop the polio vaccine
Liver transplants, lung transplants, test tube babies, cloning sheep, HIV, etc
Average life span years

18. From here………
Leeches Bloodletting

19. ……….to here.
Leeches Bloodletting

20. Where are we headed? Cures for HIV, heart disease, cancer, diabetes.
Stem cell research to find cures for genetic disorder
Methods to slow the aging process
Average life span years. 

24. Presentation for Friday (Monday)
Pick a culture, idea, person, anything in historical medicine that is of interest to you to share with us on Friday
You will have three to five minutes to share what you learned.

25. Bell Work Friday 1/13
What does the term of paraskevidekatriaphobics mean? Guess……….
Having a morbid or irrational fear of Friday the 13th

26. Bell Work 1/18, 1/19
Do we have extracurricular activities available to you at CTHS?
What is a CTSO?

27. Trends in Health Care
Growth – one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the United States
Employment opportunities – employs over 10 million workers in over 200 careers
Cost – it is a two billion dollar per day business and growing

28. Types of Services Inpatient services (e.g., hospitals, long-term care)
Outpatient services (e.g., clinics, provider offices)
Specialty services (e.g., laboratories, mental health)

29. Health Care Facilities
Laboratories
Home health care
Hospice agencies
Mental health facilities
Genetic counseling centers
Rehabilitation facilities
Health maintenance
organizations (HMOs)
School health services

30. Health Care Facilities
Hospitals
Long-term care facilities (LTC or LTCF)
Medical offices
Dental offices
Optical centers
Emergency care services
And many more………..

31. Trends in Health Care Many events lead to changes in health care
Changes in health care are inevitable and occur rapidly
Health care workers must be flexible and keep pace with the rapid changes

32. Current Issues Improving Access to Health Coverage
Obama care, socialized medicine
Keeping Healthcare Affordable
How can we keep healthcare affordable for all people
Improving Quality and Safety
Proposal requiring increased quality healthcare, and consistent good care.
Improving Consumer Health
Keeping people well by increasing positive lifestyle choices.

33. Past, Present, and Future Trends
Advances in the past that impact care today
Current changes and challenges that are changing the face of health care
Projected discoveries that will change the future of health care