1. I NVESTING IN A GRICULTURE, L IVESTOCK & F ISHERIES M INISTRY OF W ATER R EPUBLIC OF S OMALILAND Hon. Minister Hussein Ahmed Abdulle Minister for Water Republic of Somaliland 14 October, 2014

2. P OPULATION Estimated Somaliland population 3.5m Population access to piped water 1.5m Population without access to piped water 2m Urban population: 64% Rural population: 17.3% UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

3. A NNUAL R AINFALL WATER 300mm averaging 50mm along the Guban coast 500mm in the west & along the high land range UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

4. The rainy seasons Gu (April-June) Dayr (September-October) Dry seasons are Hagaa (July – August), Gilaal (December-March) Evaporate-transpiration is very high, particularly in the coastal area, where it reaches 2900mm. UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

5. T HE MAIN SOURCES OF WATER IN RURAL AREAS Berkad Manually dug shallow wells, Communal stock watering ponds Subsurface dams All of these sources of water depend on harvest of seasonal rainfall UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

6. T HE MAIN SOURCES IN URBAN AREAS Municipal water supply are deep bore wells. Hand-dug shallow wells are the principal source of water in most villages UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

7. C OASTAL P OTENTIAL & F ISHING Coastal line stretches up to 850 KM along the Red Sea on the Gulf of Aden Fisheries sector historically small compared to the pastoral and agro-pastoral systems Fishermen account for small percent of population Usually small-scale artisan fishing Operate from 10 coastal settlements on a permanent basis Use about 450 – 500 small vessels Around about 2/3 are motorized and the remaining 1/3 are canoes Boat sizes range from 6.4 to 8.5 meters in length UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

8. E NVIRONMENT Somaliland is situated in the Horn of Africa. It lies between the 08°00' – 11°30' parallel north of the equator and between 42°30' – 49°00' meridian east of Greenwich. It is bordered by Djibouti to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Somalia to the east. Somaliland has an area of 137,600 KM2. UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

9. S OMALILAND HAS FOUR DISTINCT TOPOGRAPHIC ZONES The low-lying coastal plains known as the Guban, running from few to 70 KM inland with a very hot summer climate High escarpment known as Golis range, running east- west parallel to the coast and rising to over 2000M at Erigavo A plateau to the south of the mountains known as Ogo, extending to Ethiopia, with an average altitude of 1200M Inland and to the south is the Haud, red sandy plains stretching southwards into Ethiopia, where altitudes fall to some 500M. UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

10. T EMPERATURES Winter months are normally cool with average December temperatures in the range of 15 - 26°C Summer months are the hottest averaging 26 - 32°C in June. UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

11. A NNUAL AVERAGE PRECIPITATION RANGES Less than 50 mm on the coast Less than 500 mm inland along the Golis range where it may reach sometimes 900 mm. Rain variability is very high. The capital, Hargeisa, has a long term average of some 400 mm Records range from 209 mm to 810 mm per annum UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014

12. G OVERNMENT P OLICY & L AWS National Water Policy National Water Act UK-Somaliland Trade & Investment Forum 14 October 2014