4. If it is a serious major collision remain where and as you are and wait for help…if it is a minor collision (no serious injuries, the following procedures are to be followed… - if you arrive at the scene of a collision and are able to assist, the follow steps are to be followed…

5. Failure to stop is a serious violation. Do not leave your vehicle where it will block traffic. leave your vehicle where it will block traffic. (if it can be moved) Be sure to turn off the ignition. Failure to stop is a serious violation. Do not leave your vehicle where it will block traffic. leave your vehicle where it will block traffic. (if it can be moved) Be sure to turn off the ignition. Stop immediately…if you can move to the side of the road

6. Never move an injured person unless there is danger of fire or another collision Never move an injured person unless there is danger of fire or another collision Aid the injured…administer basic first aid for injuries only if qualified Stop immediately…if you can move to the side of the road

7. GOOD SAMARITAN LAW: If you offer help and your help is accepted, but the injured person suffers lasting Injuries or death, you as the “Good Samaritan” cannot be sued. All of Canada has this law. If your offer of aid is refused…do not offer the aid, you can be charged with assault. GOOD SAMARITAN LAW: If you offer help and your help is accepted, but the injured person suffers lasting Injuries or death, you as the “Good Samaritan” cannot be sued. All of Canada has this law. If your offer of aid is refused…do not offer the aid, you can be charged with assault. Aid the injured…administer basic first aid for injuries only if qualified Stop immediately…if you can move to the side of the road

8. Do not put yourself or others in danger while directing traffic while directing traffic Do not put yourself or others in danger while directing traffic while directing traffic Aid the injured…administer basic first aid for injuries only if qualified Protect the scene with flares or reflectors or direct traffic

9. Stop immediately…if you can move to the side of the road Do not let them talk you out of it by saying: “We can handle the matter ourselves.” Do not let them talk you out of it by saying: “We can handle the matter ourselves.” Aid the injured…administer basic first aid for injuries only if qualified Protect the scene with flares or reflectors or direct traffic Send for police – give the facts

10. Stop immediately…if you can move to the side of the road Names, addresses, driver’s licenses numbers, plate numbers, and insurancecompanies Names, addresses, driver’s licenses numbers, plate numbers, and insurancecompanies Aid the injured…administer basic first aid for injuries only if qualified Protect the scene with flares or reflectors or direct traffic Send for police – give the facts Exchange information – but do not admit it was your fault Additional Steps Record witnesses names and addresses File necessary reports See their insurance card

11. When filing the report When filing the report Note the time of day, weather conditions, road conditions, street lights, signs, and the presence and length of skid marks. Make a diagram illustrating the location of the vehicles, crosswalks, stop signs, and traffic signals. If you have a camera, take pictures.

12. Continue your medical care after the accident. Even serious injuries may remain undetected even after the initial visit to the doctor or emergency room. Medical expenses may be covered by your insurance plan. OtherImportantconsiderationsOtherImportantconsiderations

13. OtherImportantconsiderationsOtherImportantconsiderations Contacting a lawyer. Your insurance company must be contacted in the proper fashion to insure that all benefits are obtained concerning your personal injuries. Failure to properly notify and inform the company may result in an objection to such a claim at a later time. Also, forms must be filled out for the Ministry of Transportation A lawyer’s assistance may be invaluable in these situations.

14. What are some do’s and don'ts when you see the police lights behind you; and after being pulled over? Get as far off the road as possible. Keep hands on steering wheel. Lower window and follow instructions. Be calm and respectful. STOP and THINK What three things will you need to show the police officer? Drivers license Proof of Insurance Vehicle registration

15. Emergency vehicles include: ambulances, law enforcement, fire fighting, forestry, lifeguard, and other rescue and lifesaving vehicles. When you encounter them on the roadway, be courteous. Act like you would want other drivers to act if you were the one who needed help. You must yield the right of way to a police car, fire engine, ambulance or other emergency vehicle using a siren or flashing lights. EMERGENCY VEHICLES

16. When you are driving be alert for the lights and siren of approaching emergency vehicles. Do not play your sound system so loud as to not hear them. If you hear sirens but do not see the emergency vehicle, slow down and be prepared to stop. Do not panic. Scan the roadway and your mirrors. Approach intersections with caution – the emergency vehicle may be approaching quickly from a side street. Your responsibility is to pull over as far to the right as possible and stop until they have passed. It does not matter which side of the road it is approaching from. You should not stop in the middle of an intersection. Continue through and then pull over. EMERGENCY VEHICLES

17. When on the freeway and an emergency vehicle approaches from behind, you should yield the right of way. Usually this means moving out of the left most lane, slowing your vehicle, and allow the emergency vehicle to pass. You must also get out of the way of emergency vehicles trying to enter or exit the highway. Do not pull over to the side on a multi-lane freeway and stop – this is very dangerous. If you are a pedestrian you should proceed to the nearest curb or place of safety and remain there until the vehicle has passed. Sometimes emergency vehicles will use the wrong side of the street to continue on their way. Emergency vehicles may use a loud speaker to talk to drivers blocking their path. EMERGENCY VEHICLES

18. This emergency vehicle is turning through this traffic light intersection. All vehicles at the intersection must:

19. With this emergency vehicle approaching...you must:

21. What should you have done before getting this close to the police officer making this traffic stop? You should have changed lanes!

22. You press on the brake pedal to start stopping, but the pedal goes right to the floor. You have no brakes! What three things should you do? First, SHIFT TO A LOWER GEAR. Then, quickly pump the brake pedal 3-4 times. (try to restore pressure) If pressure is not restored, use the emergency / parking brake.

23. The right rear tire blows out! What do you do? In Motion magazine, a General Motors publication 1 st Firm up your grip on the wheel. 2 nd Ease up on the accelerator. 3 rd Check traffic. 4 th Drive off the roadway and brake gently. 5 th Turn on the emergency flashers.

24. 1) Ease off gas. 2) Apply the brake. 3) Turn on emergency flashers.

25. The hood usually flies up because it was not properly latched. 1 st Look through the crack below the open hood or look out the window if you can’t see under the hood. 2 nd Turn on the emergency flashers to warn other drivers. 3 rd Slow down, and drive off the roadway to a safe location.

26. What should you do if your car suddenly stalls (engine dies out) while driving? (the traffic is light) Shift to ___________and attempt to restart it NEUTRAL

27. What if the accelerator sticks and the car keeps going faster and faster. (the traffic is light) Shift to neutral & attempt to un-stick it with foot. If unsuccessful, brake, pullover and shut off engine.

29. In the U.S. alone seatbelts save more than 10,000 lives a year and over 200,000 serious injuries. If you are wearing a shoulder-lap belt during a crash, your risk of being killed is reduced by 50% and risk of serious injury by 70%. A restraining device, consisting of anchored straps that buckle across the hips, to protect a seated passenger from abrupt jolts, as in a collision.

30. Nearly every state has laws requiring the driver and front seat passengers to wear safety belts. A restraining device, consisting of anchored straps that buckle across the hips, to protect a seated passenger from abrupt jolts, as in a collision. Deaths of unbelted occupants have occurred at speeds as low as 20 km/ph. There are two types of restraints There are two types of restraints You are four times more likely to die in a car crash if you are not wearing your seat belt.

31. active restraints and passive restraints A restraining device, consisting of anchored straps that buckle across the hips, to protect a seated passenger from abrupt jolts, as in a collision. Active restraints requires the connection and adjustment. Passive restraints operate without action by occupants. What is the difference between an active restraint and a passive restraint? What is the difference between an active restraint and a passive restraint?

32. Adjust the seat to a comfortable upright position…be sure the belt is not twisted and the metal fittings snap into place. The lap belt should be worn across the hip bones. (including expectant mothers) It should never be positioned across the stomach or soft part of the abdomen. What could happen if the belt is too loose? What could happen if the belt is too loose? It could slide up over the up over the pelvis and injure pelvis and injure the abdomen in a crash! It could slide up over the up over the pelvis and injure pelvis and injure the abdomen in a crash! What do you know about adjusting the shoulder strap? After closing and locking the door…

33. The shoulder strap should be snug, but still allows the driver to reach important controls. Adjust the shoulder strap so that it is comfortable and does not cross the body at or near the neck or face. The shoulder belt should go over the shoulder and across the sternum. What about wearing the shoulder strap tucked behind the back? What about wearing the shoulder strap tucked behind the back? This is dangerous and can cause severe internal or spinal injuries. This is dangerous and can cause severe internal or spinal injuries.

34. Also, do not forget to adjust the head-restraint For most people it should be all the way up… Also, do not forget to adjust the head-restraint For most people it should be all the way up… If not adjusted, what type of injury can be suffered? If not adjusted, what type of injury can be suffered? Painful whiplash …this is a serious injury! Painful whiplash …this is a serious injury! The shoulder strap should be snug, but still allows the driver to reach important controls. Adjust the shoulder strap so that it is comfortable and does not cross the body at or near the neck or face. The shoulder belt should go over the shoulder and across the sternum.

35. The newer safety belts feel so comfortable you may not think they work, but they do. Many belt systems are activated only when the vehicle stops suddenly. The belt has a tiny pendulum connected to a locking mechanism. In the event of a sudden stop, the pendulum activates the locking device, which keeps you firmly in your seat.

36. Since safety belts are proven to be very effective… why do some people still not wear them? Since safety belts are proven to be very effective… why do some people still not wear them? Let’s examine common objections people give for not wearing them... not wearing them... Let’s examine common objections people give for not wearing them... not wearing them...

37. How would you answer this? 3 out of 4 collisions occur less than 40 kilometers from home. More than 80% of all collisions occur at speeds less than 65 km/ph. 2/3 of all teens killed in car crashes are unbelted! 3 out of 4 collisions occur less than 40 kilometers from home. More than 80% of all collisions occur at speeds less than 65 km/ph. 2/3 of all teens killed in car crashes are unbelted! “We don’t need safety belts, we’re just driving around town.” “We better buckle up!” “Yeah, you’re right.”

38. How would you answer this? With a safety belt fastened you have a much better chance of staying conscious in a crash – so you’ll have the presence of mind to unfasten it and get out. With a safety belt fastened you have a much better chance of staying conscious in a crash – so you’ll have the presence of mind to unfasten it and get out. “That makes sense to me!” “Me too.” “If I wear a safety belt, after a crash, I might be trapped in a burning or submerged car!”

39. How would you answer this? Statistics have consistently proven that remaining in the car in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. Statistics have consistently proven that remaining in the car in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. “I heard I might be better off if I’m thrown clear of the car in an accident.”

40. “Let’s not take any chances.” “Okay.” How would you answer this? Statistics have consistently proven that remaining in the car in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. Statistics have consistently proven that remaining in the car in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. in the event of a crash is much safer than being thrown free. “I heard I might be better off if I’m thrown clear of the car in an accident.”

41. Research shows that the impact of a 30 mph crash is like jumping off a 3 story building. 30 mph crash is like jumping off a 3 story building. Research shows that the impact of a 30 mph crash is like jumping off a 3 story building. 30 mph crash is like jumping off a 3 story building. “We’re strong, but not that strong.” “Wow!” A 25 mph crash is like pedaling your bicycle full speed into a brick wall. A 25 mph crash is like pedaling your bicycle full speed into a brick wall. “I’m a good driver, I’ve never had an accident…and I drive at slower speeds, I can brace myself.” How would you answer this? Even at these low speeds, strong arms are like “wet noodles” Even at these low speeds, strong arms are like “wet noodles” The crash may not be your fault…but statistically most people are involved in traffic most people are involved in traffic collisions during their lifetime. The crash may not be your fault…but statistically most people are involved in traffic most people are involved in traffic collisions during their lifetime.

42. It only takes a few seconds, and most safety belts are comfortable. It only takes a few seconds, and most safety belts are comfortable. “That doesn’t appeal to me, let’s buckle up!” “I hear you!” You’ll be a lot more uncomfortable spending a lot of time spending a lot of time in the hospital or in rehab. You’ll be a lot more uncomfortable spending a lot of time spending a lot of time in the hospital or in rehab. “It takes too much time, and is uncomfortable.” 1001 1002 1003 How would you answer this?

43. Research shows the impact of you flying across the car (the interior collision) will probably be a lot worse than if you remained securely in your seat. Research shows the impact of you flying across the car (the interior collision) will probably be a lot worse than if you remained securely in your seat. “That makes sense to me!” “Get them on!” You also need to stay in the driver’s seat after the initial impact so it might be possible to steer or brake. You also need to stay in the driver’s seat after the initial impact so it might be possible to steer or brake. “If I get hit from the side, I am better off being thrown across the car, away from the direct impact of the crash.” How would you answer this?

44. Lap and shoulder belt together Be sure all passengers in your car are buckled! REMEMBER…You are four times more likely to die in a car crash if you are not wearing your seat belt.

45. The physical nature of the driver In order to drive safely, you must be in good physical condition. In particular, you need to be able to see and hear well enough to detect potential hazards and handle emergency situations. You must also recognize the fitness of others you may have influence over and discourage those who are not fit to drive. These concepts will be developed further in another lesson As a respectful driver you must also be caring and empathetic toward others who have “challenges”

46. A caring and empathic attitude will make it easier for you to show greater patience and allow them more time and space to drive. This is necessary to promote traffic safety and cooperative driving. Remember, one day you will want others to be considerate of limitations that you may be faced with.

47. An effective way to avoid conflicts with other roadway users is by respecting their safety margins. This means: - avoid tailgating - give bicycles their lawful space - give pedestrians as much space as possible

48. Another way to avoid conflicts with others is to control your emotions…especially your temper. Uncontrolled temper can lead to ROAD RAGE

49. Quiz time…how much do you remember?

50. 2) In a collision, you should aid the injured only if you are: ___________________________________ 1) The first thing you should do if involved in an collision is to: ________________________________________ 6) If you feel the slightest discomfort after the collision, its important that you seek: ________________________ 5) Insist on seeing their proof of insurance that they are required to carry in their vehicle. TRUE or FALSE: ______ 3) How can you “protect the collision scene” from further damage? ______________________________________ 4) TRUE or FALSE: It’s always a good idea to call the police at the scene of an collision. ______

51. 1)10) If you experience a tire blowout be careful not to apply _______ right away. Also ______up your grip on wheel. 1)12) If your car stalls while moving, shift to ________and attempt to ________ the engine. 1)11) If the accelerator sticks, (in very light traffic) the first thing you do is ___________then try to lift it up with foot. 13) If your brakes fail, besides pumping them to try building up pressure again, also: ____________________________ 7) When emergency vehicles are approaching, your responsibility is to _____________________until they pass. 8) With an emergency vehicle approaching, if you are in an intersection you should ___________________. 9) With an emergency vehicle approaching on the freeway you must get out of the way, but do not _______________. This is very dangerous on a multi-lane freeway.

52. 18) The shoulder strap should never cross the body at or near the ________or _______. 14) Nearly every province has _______requiring front seat passengers to wear safety belts. 16) Deaths of unbelted occupants have occurred at speeds as low as ________. 17) The lap belt should be worn across the_____ bones, never over the soft part of the abdomen. 19) Wearing the shoulder strap tucked behind the back can cause _________injuries as well as _______cord injuries. 15) True or False: Three out of four collisions occur within 40 kilometers from home ______

53. 20) In a crash with a safety belt on, you have a much better chance of remaining __________ so that if the vehicle did catch fire, you would have the presence of mind to get out. 21) True or False: If you get broad-sided on the drivers side, you are better off without your seatbelt because you will be pushed to the passenger side, avoiding the severest part of the impact._________ 22) You need to stay in the drivers seat after the initial impact so you might still be able to _______or _______. 23) True or False: In a crash, an unbelted person is also a danger to others in the car in that they can fly into other passengers seriously injuring them as well. ______ 24) True or False: A caring and empathic attitude toward other drivers (especially physically challenged drivers) is necessary to promote traffic safety and cooperative driving. _______

54. The End

55. Drivers Edge: Interactive slides and videos ® Drivers Edge: Interactive slides and videos ® Copyrighted Driver Education School Literature Copyright © 2009 InterActive Enterprises These electronic slide shows are produced by InterActive Enterprises. Microsoft PowerPoint ® was used to create the presentations. Each segment includes discussion questions and may include illustrations, photographs, videos, animations, etc. Contact us at for more information at: 2183 Doctor Robertson Rd. Spring Hill, TN 37174 Email with suggestions, comments, questions or for more information. See other restrictions in regards to graphics as required by agreements with graphic providers. RESTRICTIONS: “This product/publication includes images from Microsoft Design Gallery, Animation Factory, Corel MegaGallery and Corel Gallery 1,000,000 and Click Art which are protected by the copyright laws of the U.S., Canada and elsewhere. Used under license. These images are for viewing purposes only in this series and may not be saved or downloaded for other uses. Other images used by permission are from: In-Motion magazine, General Motors; selected videos from the U. S. Dept. of Transportation (Moving Safely Across America) Many other images are from the public domain. A limited warranty or guarantee is in effect upon initial receipt of this product. Any defective product will be replaced upon notification within 90 days of receipt of product. iae@charter.net