2. ARTICLE II THE EXECTUTIVE BRANCH

3. Presidential “HATS” Chief Executive Chief Diplomat Chief of State Commander in Chief Legislative Leader Judicial Leader Political Party Leader Click on the “hat” to see the definition.

4. Qualifications to be President 4 year term Elected by Electoral college Age 35 or older Natural-Born US citizen Resident of US for 14 years

5. Chief Executive As Chief Executive, it is the job of the President to: Carry out the nation’s laws Issue executive orders Appoint cabinet members and other officials

6. Chief Diplomat As Chief Diplomat, the President: Deals with foreign nations Appoints ambassadors Makes treaties or peace agreements

7. Chief of State As Chief of State, the President: Represents the whole nation particularly when the President attends meetings and conferences that involve other countries and governments.

8. Commander in Chief As Commander in Chief, the President: Has final authority over all military matters.

9. Legislative Leader As Legislative Leader, the President: Proposes new legislation or new laws Prepares the federal budget Approves or vetoes bills that become laws

10. Judicial Leader As Judicial Leader, the President: Appoints judges to the Supreme Court and other federal courts Can issue pardons and reprieves

11. Political Party Leader As Political Party Leader, the President: Supports party members in election campaigns Helps unify the members of the party and give it direction

12. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE On the following slides, choose the best answer. GOOD LUCK!

13. The president carries out the nation’s laws when acting as Chief Executive. TRUEFALSE

14. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

15. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

16. As Chief Diplomat, the president has no role in making peace treaties with other nations. TRUEFALSE

17. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

18. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

19. The president represents the whole world when acting as Chief of State. TRUEFALSE

20. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

21. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

22. The president has final authority over all military matters when leading the role of Commander in Chief. TRUEFALSE

23. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

24. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

25. As Legislative Leader, the president proposes new laws. TRUEFALSE

26. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

27. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

28. As Judicial Leader, the president can not appoint Supreme Court Justices. TRUEFALSE

29. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

30. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

31. The president’s duty as Political Party Leader is to support their political party. TRUEFALSE

32. SORRY PLEASE CLICK THE BACK ARROW AND TRY AGAIN!

33. YOU ARE 100% CORRECT

34. CONGRATULATIONS You have completed this short test. Now turn your answers into your teacher. If you are still unsure about the roles of the Presidents, simply play this presentation again. When you are done, follow your teacher’s instructions.

35. Credits This presentation was created by Lori M. Branan, Kate E. Ford, and Karen A. Swauger, 7 th grade Civics Instructors in Prince William County Schools, Virginia.

36. Books Blassingame, Wyatt. The Look It Up Book of Presidents. Revised edition. Random House Inc.: New York. 1996. Tindall, Georg Brown & David E. Shi. America: A Narrative History. 3 rd Edition. W. W. Norton and Company: New York. 1992 Norton, Mary Beth, et al. A People and a Nation: A History of the United States. Volume 1: To 1877. Houghton Mifflin: Boston. 1990 Boyer, Paul S., et al. The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People. Volume 2: From 1865. D. C. Heath and Company: Lexington, MA. 1990. Degregorio, William A. The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents: From George Washington to George Bush. 3 rd Ed. Wings Books: New York. 1990. Saffell, David C., Ph.D. Civics: Responsibilities and Citizenship. Glencoe (McGraw-Hill): New York. 1998. Interesting facts: “Presidents of the United States Fun to Know Cards.” Trend Enterprises, Inc: St. Paul, MN. 1987

37. Websites All pictures and photographs used were checked for Copyright restrictions at the time of access, February – May 2000. Any violations are not intentional. www.whitehouse.gov www.britannica.com www.cyberpro.com www.norton3.wwnorton.com www.lcweb.loc.gov www.supremecourtus.gov www.discoverynet.com www.ipl.org/ref/POTUS/index.html http://oyez.nwu.edu/justices (Permission to Copy from Supreme Court Justice pictures from Jerry Goldman, author of the OYEZ Project)http://oyez.nwu.edu/justices www.lib.utexas.edu/libs/pcl/map_collection/americas/panama_sm97.gif www.americanpresidents.org http://www.historychannel.com/cgi-bin/framed.cgi http://www.mountvernon.org/education/biography/truefalse.html http://www.monticello.org/ http://lcweb.loc.gov/exhibits/declara/frag1.jpg http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/glimpse/Easter http://monticello.avenue.org/ashlawnhttp://monticello.avenue. http://www.bartleby.com/124/pres28.html http://www.woodrowwilson.org/tour.html http://www.theodora.com/flags/france_flags.html http://www.geographic.org/flags/united_kingdom_flags.html www.askjeeves.com (Map of Missouri Compromise and WWI picture.)www.askjeeves.com http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/glimpse/presidents/html/ja6.html (John Quincy Adams)http://www.whitehouse.gov/WH/glimpse/presidents/html/ja6.html http://www.treas.gov/curator/reports.htm

38. George Washington When George Washington said the Presidential Oath on April 30, 1789, no one was sure what the job of the president would be. Washington realized this and soon set some of the standards for the office that there are today. Interesting Facts Interesting Facts Office: 1789-1797 Born: February 2, 1732, Fredericksburg, Virginia Died: December 14, 1799 Mount Vernon, Virginia

39. Interesting Facts DID YOU KNOW: GW wore false teeth! GW was the only president to be unanimously elected to the office of President. Back to Washington Back to Washington

40. During George Washington’s term, the Supreme Court was established, emphasizing his role as Judicial Leader.

41. Demonstrating the role of Chief Executive, George Washington approved Alexander Hamilton’s objective of beginning a National Banking System in 1791.

42. Thomas Jefferson Jefferson moved from being the author of the Declaration of Independence to one of the most prominent presidents. Office: 1801-1809 Born: April 13, 1743, Albemarle County, Virginia Died: July 4, 1826 in Monticello, Virginia Interesting Facts Interesting Facts

43. Interesting Facts Click here to View Thomas Jefferson’s homeClick here to View Thomas Jefferson’s home. (close your browser to return to presentation) DID YOU KNOW: President Jefferson was the first president inaugurated in Washington D.C. President Jefferson was the author of the Declaration of Independence. Click here to view one of the earliest drafts of the Declaration of IndependenceClick here to view one of the earliest drafts of the Declaration of Independence. (close your application to return to presentation) Back to Jefferson Back to Jefferson

44. As Chief Diplomat, Thomas Jefferson arranged the Louisiana Purchase with Napoleon of France. This doubled the size of the United States. Louisiana Purchase signed in 1803.

45. Proving to be a Legislative Leader, Jefferson signed into law the bill that banned the importation of slaves beginning January 1, 1808.

46. James Madison Office: 1809-1817 Born: March 16, 1751, Port Conway, Virginia Died: June 28, 1836, Montpelier, Virginia Interesting Facts Interesting Facts Madison is widely known for being the main author of the Constitution of the United States before becoming president.

47. Interesting Facts James Madison started the first Easter egg roll, click here to learn more about itclick here to learn more about it. (close your browser to return to presentation) DID YOU KNOW: James Madison was the shortest president standing at only 5’4”! Madison was the first president to wear trousers instead of knee britches. Back to Madison Back to Madison

48. The War of 1812 prompted James Madison's role as Commander in Chief. The war was between Britain and the US with a disagreement over American rights in the Atlantic Ocean. The war was also about expansion into Canada (then British) and American independence and honor. A replication of the flag of the United States during the War of 1812.

49. Using his power as Chief Executive, President Madison replaced Jefferson’s Embargo Act with the Non-Tolerance Act which opened US trade with all countries except Britain and France. Flag of Britain.Flag of France.

50. Interesting Facts Click here to visit President Monroe’s home at AshlawnClick here to visit President Monroe’s home at Ashlawn. (close your web browser to return to presentation) DID YOU KNOW: Monroe was the first president who had was previously a Senator. Monroe was the first president to be inaugurated outdoors. Back to Monroe Back to Monroe

51. James Monroe Office: 1817-1825 Born: April 28, 1758, Westmoreland County, Virginia Died: July 4, 1831, New York City, New York Interesting Facts Interesting Facts While James Madison was president, Monroe served as both Secretary of State and Secretary of War during the War of 1812. In 1816, he was elected president.

52. The Missouri Compromise forbade slavery above 36 degrees, 30 minutes latitude, a decision made in 1820 by President Monroe acting out his role as Legislative Leader. Map of Missouri Compromise.

53. As Political Party Leader, President Monroe encouraged three of his cabinet officials in their bids to become president. His Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, became the next US President in 1825. John Quincy Adams

54. William Henry Harrison Office: March 1841- April 1841 Born: February 9, 1773, Charles City County, Virginia Died: April 4, 1841, White House, Washington, D.C. Interesting Facts Interesting Facts Remembered as having the shortest term of all presidents, Harrison was elected on the basis that he was a hero in the War of 1812. He served as a General in the American Army.

55. Interesting Facts DID YOU KNOW: President Harrison was in office for only 32 days before becoming ill and dying. Back to Harrison Back to Harrison

56. In a special session of Congress in 1841, President Harrison used his power as Chief Executive to enact such programs as the independent treasury system, a new national bank, and a higher protective tariff. Historical picture of the National Treasury.

57. John Tyler Office: 1841-1845 Born: March 29, 1790, Charles City County, Virginia Died: January 18, 1862, Richmond, Virginia Interesting Facts Interesting Facts Tyler was Vice President before taking on the honorary role of president. The Whig party initially nominated him to win the support of the South. No one ever considered that he would become president. He took the role after President Harrison died in office.

58. Interesting Facts DID YOU KNOW: President Tyler was the first president to marry someone while in office. Tyler was the 3 rd person to become president of the US in 1841. Back to Tyler Back to Tyler

59. As Chief Diplomat, President Tyler won the annexation of Texas from Mexico after the War with Mexico. He established the Rio Grande River as the boundary between the United States and Mexico.

60. President Tyler appointed 3 Supreme Court Justices during his tenure: Peter V. Daniel, Samuel Nelson, and Levi Woodbury. When President Tyler did this, he used his power of Judicial Leader. Peter V. DanielSamuel NelsonLevi Woodbury

61. Zachary Taylor Office: 1849-1850 Born: November 24, 1784, Orange County, Virginia Died: July 9, 1850, White House, Washington, D.C. Interesting Facts Interesting Facts President Taylor was a rough looking man that didn’t fit the “criteria” of a president. He was unsure of what the duties of the President were supposed to be and sometimes clashed with politicians. He favored slavery and supported the Union.

62. Interesting Facts Click here to read President Taylor’s inaugural addressClick here to read President Taylor’s inaugural address. (close your web browser to return to presentation) DID YOU KNOW: President Taylor’s horse, Whitey, roamed freely on the White House lawn! Back to Taylor Back to Taylor

63. President Taylor signed the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty with Britain in 1850. This guaranteed any future canal across Central America would be available to all nations and reinforced his role as Chief Diplomat. The link between North and Central America.

64. Acting as Legislative Leader, President Taylor supported the Compromise of 1850 that balanced the number of slave and free states.

65. Woodrow Wilson Office: 1913-1921 Born: December 28, 1856, Staunton, Virginia Died: February 3, 1924, Washington, D.C. Interesting Facts Interesting Facts Currently the last president from Virginia, Wilson strongly believed that the job of the president was to represent the people. During his second term, he tried to keep America from having any involvement in World War I. He reluctantly had Congress declare war against Germany.

66. Interesting Facts Click here to hear a President Wilson give a speech. Click here to view President Wilson’s birthplace. (close your web browser to return to presentation) DID YOU KNOW: President Wilson was the first President to cross the Atlantic Ocean while in office. President Wilson is the only President buried in Washington D.C. Back to Wilson Back to Wilson

67. Wilson’s Speech

68. As Chief of State, President Wilson delivered his Fourteen Points Speech to Congress outlining the US war aims in 1918. These aims included territorial settlements in postwar Europe and Wilson’s postwar vision of the world. This helped gain American support for the war. A portion of the 14 points speech that Wilson wrote in shorthand.

69. Wilson placed troops throughout Europe as well as dictated United States positions implementing the role of Commander in Chief. US 7 th Machine Gun Battalion, 3 rd division at Chateau Thierry bridgehead.