1. A. Chesapeake country John Rolfe - Tobacco King John Rolfe - Tobacco King 1619 – First Slaves sold to Jamestown 1619 – First Slaves sold to Jamestown Blacks too costly for most colonists Blacks too costly for most colonists House of Burgesses House of Burgesses First Representative Gov. First Representative Gov.

2. B. Growth of New England Pilgrims 1620 Pilgrims 1620 William Bradford William Bradford Massachusetts Bay Colony Massachusetts Bay Colony Started by non-separatists puritans Started by non-separatists puritans Great Migration 1630s Great Migration 1630s John Winthrop 1 st Governor John Winthrop 1 st Governor

3. Bay Bible Commonwealth Winthrop distrusted commons Winthrop distrusted commons Protestant ethic Protestant ethic Commitment to work Commitment to work Engagement in worldly pursuits Engagement in worldly pursuits

4. Trouble in the Bible Commonwealth Quaker persecution Quaker persecution Anne Hutchinson Anne Hutchinson Truly saved need not obey the laws Truly saved need not obey the laws Roger Williams Roger Williams Challenges Bay Charter Challenges Bay Charter Land taken from Indians illegitimate Land taken from Indians illegitimate Flees to Rhode Island Flees to Rhode Island

5. More New England Connecticut Connecticut Close church / gov. alliance Close church / gov. alliance Maine Maine Absorbed by Massachusetts Bay colony Absorbed by Massachusetts Bay colony New Hampshire New Hampshire Royal colony 1679 Royal colony 1679

6. C. Restoration colonies Carolina started as a royal colony Carolina started as a royal colony North Carolina North Carolina Poverty stricken, religious dissenters, resistance to authority Poverty stricken, religious dissenters, resistance to authority Lots of Indian fighting Lots of Indian fighting Georgia Georgia Buffer colony Buffer colony All Christians were received except Catholics All Christians were received except Catholics

7. C. Restoration colonies New Netherlands New Netherlands New Amsterdam (New York) New Amsterdam (New York) Peter Stuyvesant surrenders to Duke of York Peter Stuyvesant surrenders to Duke of York English flag waves from Maine to Carolinas English flag waves from Maine to Carolinas Pennsylvania Pennsylvania William Penn William Penn Truthful Advertising Truthful Advertising Philadelphia brotherly love Philadelphia brotherly love

8. D. Mercantilism The Mercantile Theory The Mercantile Theory Wealth = Power Wealth = Power Economic wealth is gained Economic wealth is gained More exports than imports More exports than imports Colonies (two functions) Colonies (two functions) Supply raw materials Supply raw materials Serve as export market (from England) Serve as export market (from England) American Colonies (functional for England) American Colonies (functional for England)

9. D. Mercantilism Merits Merits Navigation Laws didnt burden the colonists Navigation Laws didnt burden the colonists Many laws disregarded Many laws disregarded British paid well to colonial producers British paid well to colonial producers British Navy protection British Navy protection

10. D. Mercantilism Negatives Negatives Stifled economic initiative Stifled economic initiative Dependency on British Creditors Dependency on British Creditors Feelings of being debased (used) Feelings of being debased (used)

11. E. Origins of slavery 1619 Dutch ship sells first Slaves 1619 Dutch ship sells first Slaves West Indies West Indies Sugar Plantations Sugar Plantations Work intensive Work intensive 250,000 slaves imported in 50 years 250,000 slaves imported in 50 years First Slave Codes (Laws) First Slave Codes (Laws) Barbados slave code of 1661 Barbados slave code of 1661 Denied Fundamental rights Denied Fundamental rights

12. E. Origins of slavery Small English Farmers seek refuge in Carolinas Small English Farmers seek refuge in Carolinas Displaced by sugar barons Displaced by sugar barons Brought slaves with them (including the codes) Brought slaves with them (including the codes) Movement to a Slave Society Movement to a Slave Society Initially cost too much to import Initially cost too much to import Bacons Rebellion Bacons Rebellion Need for less troublesome workforce Need for less troublesome workforce

13. E. Origins of slavery Movement to Slave Society (cont.) Movement to Slave Society (cont.) Lack of candidates for indentured servitude Lack of candidates for indentured servitude Fear of mutinous former servants Fear of mutinous former servants Slave Imports Slave Imports 17 th cent. 18 th cent. 10,000390,000

14. E. Origins of slavery Slave Sources Slave Sources West Coast Africa West Coast Africa Flesh Merchants Flesh Merchants Middle Passage Middle Passage Laws for Slaves Laws for Slaves Virginia 1662 Virginia 1662 Blacks made property Blacks made property Discrimination molded slave system Discrimination molded slave system

15. Slave Life Harsh work conditions Harsh work conditions Rice and indigo most difficult Rice and indigo most difficult Tobacco easiest work Tobacco easiest work Beginnings of a Slave Culture Beginnings of a Slave Culture Language Language Food Food Dance Dance Skilled workers (artisans) Skilled workers (artisans)

16. 3. Colonial Society in the Mid- Eighteenth Century (Southern) Southern Society (transparency) Southern Society (transparency) FFVs FFVs Washingtons, Lees, Fitzhughs Washingtons, Lees, Fitzhughs Hardworking business folks Hardworking business folks Small Family Farmers Small Family Farmers Largest social group Largest social group Rugged hand to mouth existence Rugged hand to mouth existence Owned one or two slaves Owned one or two slaves

17. 3. Colonial Society in the Mid- Eighteenth Century (Southern) Small Family Farmers Largest social group Largest social group Rugged hand to mouth existence Rugged hand to mouth existence Owned one or two slaves Owned one or two slaves Landless Whites Landless Whites Former indentured servants Former indentured servants Slaves Slaves Growing population Growing population

18. 3. Colonial Society in the Mid- Eighteenth Century New England Society New England Society Migrated as family units Migrated as family units Booming birthrate Booming birthrate Family unit strengthens moral values Family unit strengthens moral values Property rights for widows Property rights for widows Laws defended integrity of marriage Laws defended integrity of marriage

19. 3. Colonial Society in the Mid- 18th Century (New England) Tightly knit society Tightly knit society Small villages and farms Small villages and farms Planned communities Planned communities Education plan Education plan Harvard College 1636 Harvard College 1636 Democratic government Democratic government

20. A. Social structure (Economic) Philosophy of the Land Philosophy of the Land Improve the land Improve the land Roads, clearing, settlements Roads, clearing, settlements Local Resources Local Resources Timber, harbors, fish stocks Timber, harbors, fish stocks Conditions fostered values Conditions fostered values Encouraged expansion to Ohio Encouraged expansion to Ohio

21. A. Social structure Crevecoeur a strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country, Crevecoeur a strange mixture of blood, which you will find in no other country, No titled nobility No titled nobility Social ladder climbable Social ladder climbable Emergence of Merchant class Emergence of Merchant class Widows and orphans Widows and orphans Involuntary transfers Involuntary transfers Paupers & convicts Paupers & convicts

22. A. Social structure Clerics, Physicians, and Lawyers Clerics, Physicians, and Lawyers Physicians Physicians Poorly trained 1765 first med school Poorly trained 1765 first med school Clerics Clerics Position of high prestige Position of high prestige Not the same in the early days Not the same in the early days Lawyers Lawyers Not a favored profession Not a favored profession

23. Workday America Agriculture Agriculture Leading industry Leading industry Fishing Fishing Mostly in New England Mostly in New England Shipped to Europe Shipped to Europe Stimulated ship building Stimulated ship building Commerce Commerce Northern and Central Colonies Northern and Central Colonies Triangular Trade Triangular Trade

24. Workday America Manufacturing Manufacturing Household industries Household industries Carpenters Carpenters Lumbering Lumbering Primarily for shipbuilding Primarily for shipbuilding Naval Stores Naval Stores Supported the shipbuilding industry Supported the shipbuilding industry Tobacco Tobacco

25. Transportation Roads Roads Poor condition Poor condition Sailing Sailing Rivers Rivers Oceans Oceans Role of the Tavern Role of the Tavern Gossip, rumor, political talk Gossip, rumor, political talk

26. B. Culture Great Awakening (1730 – 1740s) Great Awakening (1730 – 1740s) Church Strain Church Strain Elaborate doctrines Elaborate doctrines Membership Membership Started by Jonathan Edwards Started by Jonathan Edwards Fire and brimstone Fire and brimstone Emergences of Colleges (New Light Centers) Emergences of Colleges (New Light Centers) Princeton, Brown, Rutgers, and Dartmouth Princeton, Brown, Rutgers, and Dartmouth

27. B. Culture The American mind The American mind Schools and Colleges Schools and Colleges Books and Libraries Books and Libraries Printing Presses Printing Presses Franklin and Paine Franklin and Paine Freedom of the Press Freedom of the Press Zenger Zenger

28. B. Culture Folkways Folkways Food plentiful Lazy or sickly was the person whose stomach was empty Food plentiful Lazy or sickly was the person whose stomach was empty Comforts Lacking Comforts Lacking No heaters, running water, plumbing, or bathtubs. No heaters, running water, plumbing, or bathtubs. Amusement Amusement Militia Musters Militia Musters Funerals and Weddings Funerals and Weddings

29. B. Culture Sports Sports Cards Cards Horse racing Horse racing Dancing Dancing Holidays Holidays Thanksgiving Day most commonly observed Thanksgiving Day most commonly observed

30. C. New immigrants (1780) Germans (7%) Germans (7%) Pennsylvania Dutch Pennsylvania Dutch Scots-Irish (5%) Scot lowlanders Scots-Irish (5%) Scot lowlanders Scottish (7%) Scottish (7%) English (49%) English (49%) African (19%) African (19%) Other Europeans (13%) Other Europeans (13%)

31. 4. Road to Revolution, 1754– 1775 Anglo-French rivalries and Seven Years War Anglo-French rivalries and Seven Years War Imperial reorganization of 1763 Imperial reorganization of 1763 Stamp Act Stamp Act Declatory Act Declatory Act Townshend Acts Townshend Acts Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party Philosophy of the Revolution Philosophy of the Revolution

32. Anglo-French rivalries and Seven Years War King Williams War & Queen Annes War King Williams War & Queen Annes War No real troop support from England & France No real troop support from England & France Treaty of Utrecht (1713) Treaty of Utrecht (1713) Bad French/Spanish defeat Bad French/Spanish defeat Ohio Valley Ohio Valley Key for both British and French Key for both British and French Fort System for the French Fort System for the French Virginias claim for the British Virginias claim for the British

33. Anglo-French rivalries and Seven Years War Washingtons dubious start Washingtons dubious start Ft. Duquesne – defeats French Ft. Duquesne – defeats French Ft. Necessity – French defeat Washington Ft. Necessity – French defeat Washington Seven Years War Seven Years War Fought World wide Fought World wide British – Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria, Russia British – Prussia vs. France, Spain, Austria, Russia War lost in Europe War lost in Europe France couldnt support the N. America effort France couldnt support the N. America effort

34. Anglo-French rivalries and Seven Years War Colonists Involvement Colonists Involvement Disorganized Colonial involvement initially Disorganized Colonial involvement initially Confidence from fighting w/ British Confidence from fighting w/ British Showed British vulnerability Showed British vulnerability Friction toward British officers Friction toward British officers

35. Imperial reorganization of 1763 Stamp Act Stamp Act Ultimately created to reimburse the British gov. for war costs. Ultimately created to reimburse the British gov. for war costs. One of Many One of Many Sugar Act Sugar Act Quartering Act Quartering Act

36. Imperial reorganization of 1763 Declaratory Act Declaratory Act Repeal of Stamp Act Repeal of Stamp Act Immediate follow-up with Declaratory Act Immediate follow-up with Declaratory Act To bind…in all cases whatsoever To bind…in all cases whatsoever Inflamed Colonists Inflamed Colonists

37. Imperial reorganization of 1763 Townshend Acts Townshend Acts Light duty on glass, lead, paper, and tea. Light duty on glass, lead, paper, and tea. Indirect customs tax on imports Indirect customs tax on imports Colonists felt any tax was a burden Colonists felt any tax was a burden Paying for royal governors and judges. Paying for royal governors and judges. Seemed particularly corrupt Seemed particularly corrupt Led to nonimportation agreements and increased smuggling Led to nonimportation agreements and increased smuggling

38. Imperial reorganization of 1763 Boston Massacre & Tea Parties Boston Massacre & Tea Parties Death of Crispus Attucks Death of Crispus Attucks John Adams as defense attorney John Adams as defense attorney Only two soldiers convicted / branded Only two soldiers convicted / branded Tea Parties Tea Parties British monopoly was met with lack of imports. British monopoly was met with lack of imports. No tea would reach the shore… except No tea would reach the shore… except First unified resistance First unified resistance

39. Imperial reorganization of 1763 Intolerable Acts Intolerable Acts Designed to punish Boston and Mass. Designed to punish Boston and Mass. Port Act Port Act Closed Boston port till damages were paid Closed Boston port till damages were paid Chartered rights taken away Chartered rights taken away Limits on town meetings Limits on town meetings British soldiers tried in London British soldiers tried in London

40. Philosophy of the American Revolution Deep Roots Deep Roots Committees of Correspondence Committees of Correspondence Whos Revolution Whos Revolution Common Sense Common Sense New Republicanism New Republicanism

41. Deep roots of the Revolution New World fostered change New World fostered change No Dukes or princes No Dukes or princes Americans made it on their own Americans made it on their own Republicanism Republicanism Whig ideas on patronage Whig ideas on patronage

42. Committees of Correspondence 1st in Boston 1st in Boston Started by Sam Adams Started by Sam Adams Goals Goals Spread spirit of resistance through letters Spread spirit of resistance through letters British Reaction British Reaction Most seditious action the colonists could take Most seditious action the colonists could take

43. Whose Revolution? What was most responsible? What was most responsible? Political Ideals Political Ideals Social and economic realities Social and economic realities

44. Common Sense American Inconsistencies American Inconsistencies Loyalty vs. Freedom Loyalty vs. Freedom Fear of Rebellion Fear of Rebellion God save the King God save the King British actions needed a common sense approach British actions needed a common sense approach Burning of ships Burning of ships Hiring of Hessians Hiring of Hessians

46. New Republicanism No Despotic King or Ruler No Despotic King or Ruler All government jobs are derived from the people All government jobs are derived from the people The collective good of the people mattered more then private interest. The collective good of the people mattered more then private interest. Conservative Republicans Conservative Republicans natural aristocracy natural aristocracy Debated for next 100 years Debated for next 100 years

47. The American Revolution (1775 - 1783) Continental Congress Continental Congress Declaration of Independence Declaration of Independence The War The War Articles of Confederation Articles of Confederation Peace of Paris Peace of Paris Creating State Governments Creating State Governments

48. Continental Congress Philadelphia 1774 Philadelphia 1774 Met for almost 2 months Met for almost 2 months 55 delegates 55 delegates Defeated home rule proposition Defeated home rule proposition Creation of Association Creation of Association Wanted to repeal offensive legislation Wanted to repeal offensive legislation Not yet calling for independence Not yet calling for independence British Rejection of Petitions British Rejection of Petitions

50. Declaration of Independence Richard Henry Lee moves for free and independent states June 7, 1776 Richard Henry Lee moves for free and independent states June 7, 1776 Motion adopted July 2, 1776 Motion adopted July 2, 1776 Explanation needed for the passed motion Explanation needed for the passed motion Declaration approved July 4 Declaration approved July 4 Cleared way for foreign aid Cleared way for foreign aid Patriots were now rebels Patriots were now rebels Inspiration around the world Inspiration around the world

51. The war 1. French alliance 1. French alliance 2. War and society; Loyalists 2. War and society; Loyalists 3. War economy 3. War economy

52. Articles of Confederation

53. Peace of Paris

54. Creating state governments 1. Political organization 1. Political organization 2. Social reform: women, slavery 2. Social reform: women, slavery