1. SRHS: Sociology People who interact with one another and think of themselves as belonging together. - List 10 common characteristics of groups What is a Group?

2. SRHS: Sociology Domestication Revolution Domestication Revolution Hunting and Gathering Hunting and Gathering Pastoral and Horticultural Pastoral and Horticultural Agricultural Agricultural Societies and Their Transformation

3. SRHS: Sociology Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution Postindustrial (Information) Postindustrial (Information) BioeconomicNew Type? BioeconomicNew Type? Societies and Their Transformation

4. SRHS: Sociology Social Equality Greatest in Hunting/Gathering Societies Social Equality Greatest in Hunting/Gathering Societies Social Inequality Grew Over Time Social Inequality Grew Over Time Accumulation of Food Surplus Stimulated Change Accumulation of Food Surplus Stimulated Change Groups Within Society

5. SRHS: Sociology Primary Groups Primary Groups Face-to-Face Face-to-Face The Family The Family Friends Friends Producing a Mirror Within Producing a Mirror Within Groups Within Society

6. SRHS: Sociology Secondary Groups Secondary Groups Larger, More Anonymous Larger, More Anonymous Members Interact Based on Roles Members Interact Based on Roles Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate Association Fail to Satisfy Need for Intimate Association Groups Within Society

7. SRHS: Sociology In-Groups and Out-Groups In-Groups and Out-Groups Loyalty to In-Groups Loyalty to In-Groups Antagonism Towards Out-Groups Antagonism Towards Out-Groups Groups Within Society

8. SRHS: Sociology In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce… In-Groups and Out-Groups Produce… Loyalty Loyalty Sense of Superiority Sense of Superiority Rivalries/Competition Rivalries/Competition Implications for Socially Diverse Society Implications for Socially Diverse Society Groups Within Society

9. SRHS: Sociology Reference Groups Reference Groups Provide a Yardstick Provide a Yardstick Expose Us to Contradictory Standards Expose Us to Contradictory Standards Groups Within Society

10. SRHS: Sociology Social Networks Social Networks The Small World Phenomenon The Small World Phenomenon Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth? Is the Small World Phenomenon a Myth? Groups Within Society

11. SRHS: Sociology Implications for Socially Diverse Society Implications for Socially Diverse Society Implications for Science Implications for Science Groups Within Society

12. SRHS: Sociology Electronic Communities Electronic Communities People Connect Online People Connect Online Newsgroups/Blogs Newsgroups/Blogs Online Chat Rooms/Recruiting Online Chat Rooms/Recruiting Some Meet Definition of a Group Some Meet Definition of a Group Groups Within Society

13. SRHS: Sociology Group Size Affects Stability and Intimacy Group Size Affects Stability and Intimacy Dyad Dyad Triad Triad Coalitions Coalitions As Size Increases, So Does Stability As Size Increases, So Does Stability As Size Increases, Intensity and Intimacy Decrease As Size Increases, Intensity and Intimacy Decrease Group Dynamics

14. SRHS: Sociology Effects of Group Size on Attitudes and Behavior Effects of Group Size on Attitudes and Behavior The Larger the Group… The Larger the Group… Greater Diffusion of Responsibility Greater Diffusion of Responsibility Increase in Formality Increase in Formality Division into Smaller Groups Division into Smaller Groups Group Dynamics

15. SRHS: Sociology Who Becomes a Leader? Who Becomes a Leader? Types of Leaders Types of Leaders Instrumental/Operational Instrumental/Operational Expressive/Charismatic Expressive/Charismatic Leadership

16. SRHS: Sociology Leadership Styles Leadership Styles Authoritarian Authoritarian Democratic Democratic Laissez-Faire Laissez-Faire Leadership Styles in Changing Situations Leadership Styles in Changing Situations Leadership

17. SRHS: Sociology Personality Traits and Disorders Projection of internal or external fear Projection of internal or external fear Empowered to act out Empowered to act out Organized members have some type of hierarchy and structure although it is usually skewed to what benefits the ideologies of the group Organized members have some type of hierarchy and structure although it is usually skewed to what benefits the ideologies of the group Unorganized members usually follow given the moment Unorganized members usually follow given the moment

18. SRHS: Sociology Power of Peer PressureAsch Experiment Power of Peer PressureAsch Experiment Study on Conformity Study on Conformity Power of AuthorityMilgram Experiment Power of AuthorityMilgram Experiment Administering Shocks Administering Shocks Group Dynamics

19. SRHS: Sociology Irving Janis Coined the Term Irving Janis Coined the Term Examples of Groupthink Examples of Groupthink Preventing Groupthink Preventing Groupthink GroupthinkGlobal Consequences

20. SRHS: Sociology Group Phenomenon Both Organized and Unorganized- Both Organized and Unorganized- Individual loses inhibitions and ignores previously learned social norms and values Individual loses inhibitions and ignores previously learned social norms and values The group moves as one entity: The group moves as one entity: The Unorganized- Tornado Example The tornado is created by random and freak natural stimuli, there are factors that can help predict where they could occur but remain largely unpredictable in size, path, destructiveness, movement, and length as it dissipates The Unorganized- Tornado Example The tornado is created by random and freak natural stimuli, there are factors that can help predict where they could occur but remain largely unpredictable in size, path, destructiveness, movement, and length as it dissipates The individuals that participate in the organized group have some type of prior knowledge of group requirements and ideologies The individuals that participate in the organized group have some type of prior knowledge of group requirements and ideologies

21. SRHS: Sociology Restraints on Human Behavior (If Any) This metaphysical freedom, or freedom of the will, as defining characteristics of man as such is possessed by men in all conditions whether of nature or of society This metaphysical freedom, or freedom of the will, as defining characteristics of man as such is possessed by men in all conditions whether of nature or of society – Rousseau

22. SRHS: Sociology The Question of Individual Ethics If there is no known machine able to map or explain consciousness If there is no known machine able to map or explain consciousness And all ethical perceptions are based on individual consciousness and usually hold true amongst certain groups And all ethical perceptions are based on individual consciousness and usually hold true amongst certain groups Ethical interpretations are impossible to explain and therefore other individuals in different groups do not have to adhere to them Ethical interpretations are impossible to explain and therefore other individuals in different groups do not have to adhere to them So the question remains, cant we all just get along? So the question remains, cant we all just get along?

23. SRHS: Sociology Phenomenological Perspectives What is the phenomenon that ignites group action such as violent and nonviolent protests What is the phenomenon that ignites group action such as violent and nonviolent protests Two ethical perspectives clash- One perspective is usually associated with law, the status-quo, and/or the group in power Two ethical perspectives clash- One perspective is usually associated with law, the status-quo, and/or the group in power Unorganized factors easily explained Unorganized factors easily explained Examples of Phenomenological Social Interaction Examples of Phenomenological Social Interaction What is the difference between a riot and a revolution? What is the difference between a riot and a revolution?

24. SRHS: Sociology