1. Mgr. Ema Jarošová

2. These words cannot join single words or phrases, they are used to join independent clauses. There are four punctuation patterns Paul didn´t study; therefore, he failed the test. Paul didn´t study. Therefore, he failed the test. Paul didn´t study. He, therefore, failed the test. Paul didn´t study. He failed the test, therefore.

3. Linking adverbials express a logical relationship between the ideas. CONTRAST However, nevertheless, on the contrary, still Studies show that smoking is dangerous; however, millions of people continue to smoke. CAUSE – RESULT as a result, consequently, hence, therefore, thus Paul didn´t study; therefore, he failed the test.

4. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION besides, furthermore, in fact, moreover John was the first to finish the test; moreover, he got all the answers right. CONDITION otherwise Don´t forget to bring some food; otherwise, you will get hungry.

5. 1. Ian is very good at maths; moreover, _________. 2. I studied very hard; however, ________. 3. We must find solutions to the problem of traffic in our city; otherwise, __________. 4. She wasn´t able to answer the difficult qoeustion; therefore, ________.

6. 1. I have always liked to work with children; ________, I decided to bocome a teacher. 2. My teacher is very patient; _______, he raised his voice. 3. Ken´s teacher encouraged him to go to the university; ______, he nominated him for a scholarship.