1. Chapter 21.3 World Studies Mr. Jarrett

2. I.The Nat’l Convention A. Delegates were elected by universal manhood suffrage. 1. Delegates were divided into 3 groups: a. Girondins- feared domination of Fr. by Paris. b. Jacobins- republicans who favored domination by Paris. * Danton and Robespierre- two most powerful Jacobins. c. Third class had no definite views. B. Nat’l convention ended the monarchy, established a republic, and wrote a new constitution. C. Louis XVI was beheaded for plotting against the security of the nation.

4. II. Exporting the Revolution France defeated the Austrians and Prussians. Other nation’s feared Fr. would try to overthrow other monarchies. A. Committee on Public Safety 1. Set up army to crush foreign invaders. a. Conscription 2. Revolutionary Tribunal- special court to try “enemies of the Revolution”. B. Opposition 1. Counterrevolutionary- opposed the Revolution. a. Royalists, Catholics, and Girondins

5. III. The Reign of TerrorSept. 1793 to July 1794 A. Revolutionary Tribunal executed those thought to be involved in counterrevolutionary actions. 1. Marie-Antoinette 2. Olympe de Gouges B. Danton believed that the Reign of Terror had met its goal by 1974. C. Robespierre felt that Danton was being disloyal and had him and his followers put to death. D. Nat’l Convention brought this to a halt by putting Robespierre to death. E. This brought the Reign of Terror to an end.

7. IV. Works of the Nat’l Convention *”Republic of Virtue”- people were expected to live as good citizens. A. New schools B. Fought inflation C. Human right’s concerns 1. abolished slavery in Fr. Colonies 2. Freedom of religion D. Metric System E. Drove European coalitions out of Fr.

8. V. The Directory A. The Nat’l Convention drew up another constitution in 1795. 1. 2 house legislature. a. Lower House- 500 members proposed the laws. b. Upper House- 250 members, accepted or rejected the proposals. Upper house also selected 5 individuals to run the executive branch= The Directory. 2. Only male property owners could vote- making the wealthy have control of Fr’s gov’t. 3. The Directory was weak b/c of quarrels amongst the 5 members and they used the army to put down unrest, making them unpopular.

9. VI. Napoleon Bonaparte Gained command of Fr. Army after marrying Josephine de Beauharnais. A. Rise of Napoleon 1. Won fame by victories in the Napoleonic Wars (1796 – 1815). 2. Directory feared that Napoleon might try to seize power, so they sent him out of the country to fight wars. a. He was defeated by the Br. In Egypt, fled back to Fr. And left his army to defend themselves. B. Napoleon Takes Power 1. Napoleon’s supporters feared that they would loose property and power, so they planned to overthrow the Gov’t and put Napoleon in control. 2. Coup d etat- use of power to seize control. –1799.