1. Tree Diagrams / Labelling Phrases

2. Example with brackets The children put the toys in the box
How would you divide this sentence into phrases?
The children put the toys in the box
[The children] [put [the toys] [in [the box] ] ]

3. The Main Phrase Structure Rules
1. S  NP VP 2. NP  (Det) (AP) N (PP) 3. VP  (Aux) V (NP) 4. PP  (Deg) P (NP)
1. S  NP (Aux) VP
2. NP  (Det) (AP) N (PP)
3. VP  (Aux) V (NP) (PP) (Adv)
4. PP  (Deg) P (NP)
5. AP  A (PP)

4. Up Side Down Trees Sentence (+ Infl) Phrases (Phrases)
Syntactic Categories
Words

5. O’Grady, p
How to build trees structures:
(…)

6. Drawing the tree diagram
The Phrase

7. Example - Phrase Tree (1)
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)
Example - Phrase Tree (1)
play with the toy VP VP V PP P NP
Det N
play
with
the
toy

8. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
1. repair the telephone
2. the success of the program
3. a film about pollution
4. move towards the window
5. The end of the road

9. Draw the tree Structure of phraseVP NP V
Det N
repair the telephone

10. Draw the tree Structure of phraseNP PP NP
Det N
Prep
Det N
the success of the program

11. Draw the tree Structure of phraseNP PP NP
Det N
Prep N
a film about pollution

12. Draw the tree Structure of phraseVP PP NP V
Prep
Det N
move towards the window

13. Draw the tree Structure of phraseNP PP NP
Det N
Prep
Det N
the end of the road

14. Drawing the tree diagram
The Phrase

15. Example – Sentence Tree (2)
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)
Example – Sentence Tree (2)
He likes the toy. S NP VP
Pronoun (N) V NP
Det N He
likes
the
toy

16. Example – Sentence Tree (2)
How to Build a Tree (O’Grady, p. 181)
Example – Sentence Tree (2)
The children like the toy. S NP VP
Det N V NP PP
Det N P NP
Det N
The
children
put
the
toy in
the
box

17. Draw the structure trees for the following sentences
Draw the tree structure of the following sentences:
Those guests should leave.
Maria never ate a brownie.
That shelf will fall.
The glass broke.
The student lost the debate.
The manager may offer a raise.
Question # 5 (a–f) p. 187 (O’Grady)

18. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceNP VP
Det N
Aux V
Those guests should leave.

19. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP NP N
Adv V
Det N
Maria never ate a brownie.

20. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceNP VP
Det N
Aux V
That shelf will fall.

21. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceNP VP
Det N V
The glass broke.

22. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP NP
Det N V
Det N
The student lost the debate.

23. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP NP
Det N
Aux V
Det N
The manager may offer a raise.

24. HOMEWORK 1. repair the telephone 2. he success of the program
Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
1. repair the telephone
2. he success of the program
3. a fat ladies man

25. Draw the tree Structure of phraseVP NP V
Det N
repair the telephone

26. Draw the tree Structure of phraseNP PP NP
Det N
Prep
Det N
the success of the program

27. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
A ladies man
who is fat. NP
Compound
noun N
Det
Adj N N
a fat ladies man

28. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
A man
who like
larger ladies. NP NP
Det
Adj N N
a fat ladies man

29. PRACTICE DIAGRAMS Jane hid the letter from Dan.
Draw the tree diagram of these AMBIGUOUS phrases.
Jane hid the letter from Dan.
He likes raw vegetables and meat.
The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

30. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
Jane didn’t want
Dan to see
the letter. S VP PP NP NP NP N V
Det N
Prep N
Jane hid the letter from Dan.

31. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
Jane hid
the letter
that Dan wrote. S VP NP PP NP NP N V
Det N
Prep N
Jane hid the letter from Dan.

32. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
He likes
Raw vegetables
& raw meat … yuck! S VP NP NP N V
Adj N
Conj N
He likes raw vegetables and meat.

33. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
He likes
Raw vegetables
& meat NP VP NP NP N V
Adj N
Conj N
He likes raw vegetables and meat.

34. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
The teacher
Spoke
with a smile S VP NP PP PP NP NP
Det N V
Prep
Det N
Prep
Det N
The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

35. Draw the tree Structure of phrase
The teacher
Spoke
to the smiling boy VP NP PP NP PP NP
Det N V
Prep
Det N
Prep
Det N
The teacher spoke to the boy with a smile.

36. PRACTICE DIAGRAMS My boss was very happy about her promotion.
Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
My boss was very happy about her promotion.
He put the car into the garage.
Her children have gone to the movies.

37. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP PP NP
Det N
Aux
Adv
Adj
Prep
Det N
My boss was very happy about her promotion.

38. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP NP
Det N V N
Prep
Det N
He put the car into the garage.

39. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP
Det
Prep N
Aux V
Det N
Her children have gone to the movies.

40. PRACTICE DIAGRAMS You can use your credit card at the movies.
Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
You can use your credit card at the movies.
The police examined a photograph of the accident.
They arrested the suspect in the hotel.

41. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP NP N
Prep
Aux V
Det N N
Det N
You can use your credit card at the movies.

42. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP PP NP NP
Det N V
Det N
Prep
Det N
The police examined a photograph of the accident.

43. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP NP
Det N V N
Prep
Det N
They arrested the suspect in the hotel.

44. PRACTICE DIAGRAMS Ralph has found the key to the cabinet.
Draw the tree diagram of these phrases.
Ralph has found the key to the cabinet.
My cat is very sick.
My sister is signing in the festival.
My mother is baking a cake for my sister.

45. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP NP
Det N
Aux V N
Prep
Det N
Ralph has found the key to the cabinet

46. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP NP
AdjP
Det N V
Adv
Adj
My cat is very sick.

47. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP
Det
Prep N
Aux V
Det N
My sister is signing in the festival.

48. Draw the tree Structure of SentenceVP PP NP NP NP
Det N
Det
Aux V N
Prep
Det N
My mother is baking a cake for my sister.