1. World Meteorological Organization Working together in weather, climate and water Strengthening Meteorological, Hydrological and Climate Services to support Risk Assessment and Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems WMO Initiative in the Central America and the Caribbean Dr. Albert Martis Chair RAIV DRR Co-Chair CCl OPACE IV Climate Information for Adaptation and Risk Management www.wmo.int WMO

2. Hyogo Framework for Action Risk TransferRisk Assessment Historical Hazard databases Hazard statistics Climate forecasting and forward looking hazard trend analysis Exposed assets & vulnerability Risk analysis tools Preparedness (saving lives): early warning systems emergency planning and response Prevention (Reduction of economic losses): Medium to long term sectoral planning (e.g. zoning, infrastructure, agriculture) CATastrophe insurance & bonds Weather-indexed insurance and derivatives Risk Reduction Information and Knowledge Sharing Education and training across agencies Alignment of clear policies, legislation, planning, resources at national to local Levels (Multi-sectoral, Multi-agency) 3 2 5 4 1 6

3. Early Warning Systems Require Coordination Across Many Levels and Agencies National to local disaster risk reduction plans, legislation and coordination mechanisms 1 2 34

4. 10 Basic principles for effective Early Warning Systems 1.Political recognition of the benefits of EWS along with effective planning, legislation and budgeting 2.Effective EWS are built upon four components: (i)) hazard detection, monitoring and forecasting; (ii) analyzing risks and incorporation of risk information in emergency planning and warnings; (iii) disseminating timely and “authoritative” warnings with clarity on the responsibilities and mandate for issuance of warnings; (iv) community emergency planning and preparedness and the ability to activate emergency plans to prepare and respond 3.Roles and responsibilities of all EWS stakeholders and their collaboration mechanisms clearly defined and documented 4.Capacities aligned with resources across national to local levels (sustainability) 5.Hazard, exposure and vulnerability information are used to carry- out risk assessments at different levels

5. 6.Clear, consistent and actionable hazard warnings, with risk information and issued from a single recognized authoritative source 7.Timely, reliable, redundant and sustainable warning dissemination mechanisms 8.Emergency response plans targeted to the individual needs of the vulnerable communities, authorities and emergency responders 9.Regular training and education programmes in risk awareness and emergency response actions 10.Effective feedback mechanisms throughout levels of the EWS for system improvement over time 10 Basic principles for effective Early Warning System (Continued)

6. National Government DRR coordination mechanisms Meteorological Hydrological Geological Marine Health, Agricuture (etc.) Capacity Development and Coordinated National Technical Agencies feedback Community Prepared warnings feedback 2 4 3 5 5 4 4 5 There is need for investments in all components of Early Warning Systems ! Local Communities responsible for emergency preparedness and response Aligned policies, plans, resources, coordination 1 warnings

7. Coordination and Cooperation with National Hydro-Met Services Increasing Level of coordination with technical agencies for early detection, monitoring and development of warnings Type IType IIType III Hazard fully under the mandate of NMHS e.g. strong winds, strong rainfall, snow/ice, hail, tropical cyclone Hazard under joint mandate with another technical agency e.g. floods, landslides, heat/health etc. Hazard under mandate of other agencies but NMHS contribute e.g. locust, health epidemic, man- made hazards Increasing Level of coordination with civil protection and risk management agencies for issuance of warnings

8. Reduction of Risks: Life, economics sectors: DRM and civil protection, agriculture, water resource management, infrastructure and planning, urban development, health insurance and financial markets, etc Research and modeling Observations and data Forecasting and analysis tools Regional aspects Products and Service Delivery International aspects Capacity Building Need for Strengthening National and Regional Operational Capacities National aspects, with consideration for evolving DRR policies/legislation/coodination and planning

9. Initiatives and pilot projects in RA IV Central America The Caribbean

10. Early Warning Systems with Multi-Hazard Approach Pilot Project – Central America Pilot Countries: –Costa Rica (World Bank Funded) –El Salvador (NOAA – USAID funded) –Mexico (Government and NOAA – USAID funded) National multi-agency cooperation (Met/Hydro/DRM) Multi-level (Regional, National, Local) Focus: Flash Flood-Riverine Flood Warning Systems Partners: WMO, NOAA-NWS, UNDP, World Bank

11. The Caribbean

12. Where ? Strengthened coordination and cooperation across British, French, Dutch and Spanish Speaking countries and territories Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermudas, the British Caribbean Territories, the Caribbean Netherlands, Cuba, Curacao, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, the French West Indies, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint-Marteen, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago.

13. Who? Key Stakeholders in Multi-Hazard EWS in the Caribbean National: National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) and Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Agencies and other key ministries of the beneficiary countries. Other EWS stakeholders such as media, economic sectors (health, agriculture,) (TBD) Regional: Regional centers and agencies of CARICOM: CDEMA, CMO and its CIMH; WMO RA IV and its DRR Task Team, WMO RA IV Hurricane Committee, the WMO RSMC – Miami Hurricane Center Regional agencies and platforms: ACS, OAS, the Eastern Caribbean Donor Group, Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) Other regional partners (TBD) International and donors : UN and International Agencies: WMO, UNESCO-IOC, UN-ISDR, UNDP, IFRC, etc. Bi-lat donors and development banks: IADB, World Bank, USAID/OFDA, Canada (CIDA), Finland (MFA), Spain (ACE), Japan (JICA), UK (DFID), EU, Italy, France, etc.

14. What? Topics for Strengthening Multi-Hazard EWS at National and Regional Policy, legal, legislative issues pertaining to DRR and role of NMHS Risk Assessment and Modeling, including data management and exchange issues Operational Cooperation of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services and Disaster Risk Management Stakeholders (DRM agencies and other ministries and technical agencies) Observing, Monitoring, Forecasting capacities Coordination of Watch and Warning Systems in the region

15. Roadmap for the project design to strengthen Caribbean Risk Assessment and MHEWS capacities Consultations, Major Milestones and Timeline Consultants’ missions in the region and assessment of all assessment and projects June – September 2010 MHEWS Training Workshop – Costa Rica March 2010 Consultation Cayman Is. November 2010 Develop phase I project proposals, implementation plan, resource mobilizations and identification of forums for on-going regional dialogue with Members, development partners and donors 2010 2011 MHEWS Technical Cooperation Workshop Barbados November 22 Consultation Jamaica December 2010 MH Forecasting meeting Hurricane Committee - Cayman Islands 7 March 2011 Phase I Project Launch 2012 http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/d rr/events/MHEWSCostaRica/inde x_en.html http://www.wmo.int/pages/ prog/drr/events/Barbados/ index_en.html Official Regional Meeting to endorse Phase I project proposal Warning Communicati on/CAP PWS workshop - Miami March/April 2011

16. Type I NMS Type II NMS DRM Agency III DRM Agency II DRM Agency I Type III No NMS Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type I: NMS 1 Directly supports their own DRM agency Relationship Type I: NMS 2 Directly supports their own DRM agency Techni cal: NMS 1 Supports NMS 2 Techni cal: NMS 1 Supports NMS 2 Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological Services Mapped Type I Antigua & B. Bahamas Barbados Belize Cayman Cuba Curaçao Dominican Rep. Guadeloupe Guyana Haiti Jamaica Martinique St Lucia Suriname Trinidad & T.

17. NMS I Type II NMS DRM Agency III DRM Agency II DRM Agency I Type III No NMS Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type I: NMS 1 Directly supports their own DRM agency Relationship Type I: NMS 2 Directly supports their own DRM agency Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies Type II Barbados Dominica St Vincent & G. Curaçao Aruba St Marteen Trinidad & T. Grenada Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological Services Mapped

18. Type III Antigua & B. Anguilla BVI Montserrat St Kitts & N. Bahamas Turks and C. Curaçao Saba/St Eustatius Bonaire Guadeloupe St Martin/St Barth Type I NMS Type II NMS DRM Agency III DRM Agency II DRM Agency I Type III No NMS Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type II: NMS 1 Supports a DRM agency in another island Relationship Type I: NMS 1 Directly supports their own DRM agency Relationship Type I: NMS 2 Directly supports their own DRM agency Regional agencies and centers such as RSMC-Miami Hurricane Center, CMO/CIMH, etc. supporting NMSs Regional agencies and centers such as CDEMA and others supporting DRM agencies Different relationships between Disaster Management Agencies and Meteorological Services Mapped

20. Commission for Climatology Expert Team CIARM to improve decision-making for planning, operations, risk management and for adaptation to both climate change and variability (covering time scales from seasonal to centennial) The activities undertaken under CIARM primarily focus on the development of tailored climate information, products and services for user application in adaptation and risk management These activities provide key contributions to the User Interface Platform (UIP) component of the Global Framework for Climate Services Co-chairs: Rodney Martinez (Ecuador) and Albert Martis (Curaçao).

21. Climate services & Capacity at National Level Human Resource capacity Infrastructure Capacity Procedural Capacity Institutional Capacity Guidelines for National Presentation

22. GFCS Questionnaire for the self assessment of the countries capacities to deliver and use climate services Development of the Global Framework for Climate Services at the national level http://www.wmo.int/pages/gfcs/office/Car_Reg_WS.php

23. Danki Bedank Gracias Thank You