1. ¿SER o ESTAR? “ To be” or not “to be”… Two ways “to be”

2. En español there are dos ways to say “to be”.

3. Ser and estar have different jobs. Let’s take a look at what they are each used for.

4. SER is used to express… Origin (tell where someone or something is from) Ownership (possession) Occupations (jobs) Nationalities Descriptions Time Locations of events

5. Estar is used to express… Temporary conditions (health) Temporary states (hot, tired, busy, closed, etc.) Feelings/emotions The location of someone or something The present progressive (estar + a verb ending with -ando/-iendo) Note: My Spanish teacher taught us LCP, or Location Condition Position.

6. Ser and estar are both infinitives. What is an infinitive? The infinitive of a verb is the verb’s base form. In English it is usually seen as “to + verb” (to be, to run, to eat, to walk). It does not have a subject. It does not show time (past, present or future).

7. To use ser and estar when speaking and writing, we need to conjugate them. When we conjugate verbs, we change them to match the subject. Examples: In English we start with the infinitive “to be”. When the subject is “I”, we say “I am” and not “I be”. When the subject is “you”, we say “you are” and not “you be”. When the subject is “she”, we say “she is” and not “she be”.

8. Conjugating SER and ESTAR SER I am = Yo soy You are = Tú eres He/she is = él/ella es We are = Nosotros/nosotras somos They are = ellos/ellas son ESTAR I am = Yo estoy You are = Tú estás He/she is = él/ella está We are = Nosotros/nosotras estamos They are = ellos/ellas están

9. Let’s practice a little with SER and ESTAR. We will be using third person singular and plural (he/she and they). Use this chart to help fill in the blanks in the following sentences: Las chicas __________ pelirrojas. son SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

10. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: Raquel y Miguel __________ tristes. están SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

11. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: El maestro __________ en casa hoy. está SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

12. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: Pepe __________ policía. es SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

13. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: El chihuahua __________ pequeño. es SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

14. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: Los estudiantes __________ locos. están o son SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

15. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: El señor __________ de Perú. es SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

16. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: __________ las tres y media. son SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

17. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: Pablo el pinguino __________ azul. es SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

18. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: Los chicos __________ estudiantes. son SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán

19. Use this chart to help fill in the blank in the following sentence: El libro __________ encima de la mesa. está SER (permanente) ESTAR (temporal) 3 rd Person Singular (he/she) esestá 3 rd Person Plural (they) sonestán