1. The Civil War and Reconstruction
Texas History
Chapters 15 and 16

2. Issues Divide the Country
The new Republican Party was supported in the North

3. Republican Party Against slavery
Believed the South was responsible for the depression
Wanted a tariff, homestead act and other improvements

4. South Disagrees
Southerners believed a victory for the Republican Party would mean the end of slavery and the Southern way of life

5. South Disagrees
If the Republicans won the 1860 election, Southern leaders threatened to secede from the Union

6. South Disagrees
Most of the delegates to the Texas convention after the 1860 election favored secession

7. Secession
Members of the 1861 convention in Alabama formed the Confederate States of America

8. Secession
Texas Secession Convention ordered all state officials to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy

9. Secession
The Confederate Constitution gave more power to the states and legalized slavery.

10. Houston Disagrees
Governor of Texas, Sam Houston, refused to take the oath of allegiance to the Confederacy

11. Houston Disagrees
When Houston refused to take oath of allegiance to the Confederacy, the convention declared the office of governor vacant.

12. UNIONISTS
Some Texans who supported the United States joined the Union army.
Vigilantes, unauthorized police for an area, hanged 40 suspected Unionists at Gainesville.

13. New Presidents
Abraham Lincoln was elected the President of the United States in 1860
Jefferson Davis was elected the President of the Confederacy

14. War Begins
April 12, 1861: Union troops refuse to evacuate Fort Sumter in South Carolina
Confederates opened fire, beginning the Civil War

15. Texans Go To War
Conscription: the forced enrollment of people into military service
More than 60,000 Texans joined the Confederacy

16. Texans Go To War
Conscription was unfair to small farmers because it allowed for the hiring of substitutes.

17. Fighting for Galveston
Vital to Confederate chain of supplies
Union navy blockaded ports
Union wanted to capture Galveston because it was a busy seaport

18. Blockade
Despite the blockade of its ports, Texas continued to send cotton to Europe via Mexico.

19. Battle of Sabine Pass
Union troops attempted to capture Houston and Galveston
The Confederate Davis Guards at Sabine Pass captured the Union troops and 2 ships

20. Battle of Sabine Pass
Important victory for the Confederacy; prevented Union plans to launch a major campaign against Texas

21. Texas Blocks Union Invasion
Union forces had captured New Orleans in 1864
Union forces launched Texas invasion from New Orleans
Texas, Louisiana, Missouri and Arkansas troops took 2,000 Union troops prisoner

22. Terry’s Texas Rangers
Officially known as the 8th Texas Calvary Regiment
Fought in more battles than any other cavalry regiment in the Civil War

23. Civil War Women
Women did most of farm work, along with children and slaves
Women served as nurses; Rosanna Osterman
Women sewed uniforms and other clothing

24. Shortages Homespun clothing made of coarse fabric
Substitutes for coffee and tea
Lack of medicines, paper, salt, flour

25. Civil War Ends
April 9, 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered Confederate armies to General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in Virginia

26. Civil War Ends
Palmito Ranch, near Brownsville, was the last battle of the Civil War.
Texans learned from Union prisoners that Lee had surrendered a month earlier

27. Union is Preserved
The North’s victory meant the Union of the United States had been preserved.
Slavery ended
More than 600,000 soldiers died

28. Reconstruction
The period of reestablishing governments in the South after the Civil War

29. Reconstruction
Population boomed because Texas had largely been spared the destruction suffered by most of the South.

30. Ironclad Oath
To regain the right to vote, Southern citizens were required to take an oath of allegiance to the United States
Ironclad Oath: stated they had not voluntarily served in the Confederate Army or aided the Confederacy.
Kept many Southerners from voting

31. Problems Money was scarce
Bitterness between citizens from the North and South

32. Emancipation Proclamation
Freed slaves in the Confederate states
Most African Americans did not learn of the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 until two years later

33. Juneteenth
Union General Granger landed at Galveston on June 19, 1865 and issued General Order #3 proclaiming all enslaved Texans were free.

34. Freedmen Former Slaves
Freedmen’s Bureau created to assist newly freed slaves

35. Congress Takes Control
Texas legislature refused to ratify or approve
13th amendment: abolished slavery
14th amendment: granted citizenship to former slaves

36. Black Codes Laws limiting the rights of African Americans
Texas constitution of 1866 failed to give African Americans the right to vote

37. Radical Republicans
Republicans who disagreed with U.S. President Johnson
Set stricter standards for admitting Southern states back into the Union

38. Radical Republicans
Voted to impeach President Johnson; he lost influence but not his office

39. Southerners Oppose Reconstruction
Former Confederates thought Radical Republicans’ plan was too harsh

40. Southerners Oppose Reconstruction
Scalawag: Southern whites who supported Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers: Northerners who came to the South during Reconstruction
Ku Klux Klan: used violence to prevent African Americans from voting

41. Democrats Win Election
Democrats kept many African Americans from voting for Texas governor in 1873
Richard Coke, from Waco, won election

42. Democrats Win Election
African Americans were most likely to vote for Republicans

43. Reconstruction Ends
U.S. President Grant signed proclamation ending Reconstruction in 1870.

44. Review Question The North’s victory in the Civil War meant
The South seceded
Slavery was legalized
The Union was preserved

45. Review Question The North’s victory in the Civil War meant
The South seceded
Slavery was legalized
The Union was preserved

46. Review Question
Most delegates in the Texas convention after the 1860 election
A. favored secession
B. opposed secession
C. had no opinion about secession

47. Review Question
Most delegates in the Texas convention after the 1860 election
A. favored secession
B. opposed secession
C. had no opinion about secession

48. Review Question Members of the 1861 convention in Alabama formed the
A. Whig Party
B. Republican Party
C. Confederate States of America

49. Review Question Members of the 1861 convention in Alabama formed the
A. Whig Party
B. Republican Party
C. Confederate States of America

50. Review Question
Many African Americans didn’t learn of the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 until _____ years later.
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four

51. Review Question
Many African Americans didn’t learn of the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 until _____ years later.
A. Two
B. Three
C. Four

52. Review Question Union leaders wanted control of Galveston because it
A. had a busy seaport
B. housed the State Capitol
C. was a railroad center

53. Review Question Union leaders wanted control of Galveston because it
A. had a busy seaport
B. housed the State Capitol
C. was a railroad center

54. Review Question
If the Republicans won the 1860 election, Southern leaders threatened to
A. secede from the Union
B. filibuster in Congress
C. call for a recount

55. Review Question
If the Republicans won the 1860 election, Southern leaders threatened to
A. secede from the Union
B. filibuster in Congress
C. call for a recount

56. Review Question All were results of the Civil War EXCEPT
A. slavery ended
B. the Union was dissolved
C. more than 600,000 people died

57. Review Question All were results of the Civil War EXCEPT
A. slavery ended
B. the Union was dissolved
C. more than 600,000 people died

58. Review Question
All were sacrifices made by Texans during the Civil War EXCEPT
A. they used coffee substitutes
B. they wore homespun clothing
C. they stopped receiving nursing care

59. Review Question
All were sacrifices made by Texans during the Civil War EXCEPT
A. they used coffee substitutes
B. they wore homespun clothing
C. they stopped receiving nursing care

60. Review Question
Despite a blockade of its ports, Texas continued to send cotton to Europe through
A. New Orleans
B. Mexico
C. California

61. Review Question
Despite a blockade of its ports, Texas continued to send cotton to Europe through
A. New Orleans
B. Mexico
C. California

62. Review Question
Most Southerners in the 1850s believed that the rise of the Republican Party would mean
A. legalization of slavery
B. economic prosperity
C. the end of the Southern way of life

63. Review Question
Most Southerners in the 1850s believed that the rise of the Republican Party would mean
A. legalization of slavery
B. economic prosperity
C. the end of the Southern way of life

64. Review Question
During the Civil War, women did all of the following EXCEPT
A. work on farms
B. serve as nurses
C. work in factories

65. Review Question
During the Civil War, women did all of the following EXCEPT
A. work on farms
B. serve as nurses
C. work in factories

66. Review Question The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
A. freed slaves in the Union states
B. condemned Southern states for seceding
C. freed slaves in Confederate states

67. Review Question The Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
A. freed slaves in the Union states
B. condemned Southern states for seceding
C. freed slaves in Confederate states

68. Review Question
The period of reestablishing governments in the South after the Civil War is called
A. Renewal
B. Reconstruction
C. Reunion

69. Review Question
The period of reestablishing governments in the South after the Civil War is called
A. Renewal
B. Reconstruction
C. Reunion

70. Review Question
On June 19, 1865, General Granger issued a proclamation declaring that all
A. enslaved people were free
B. women had the right to vote
C. taxes were increased

71. Review Question
On June 19, 1865, General Granger issued a proclamation declaring that all
A. enslaved people were free
B. women had the right to vote
C. taxes were increased

72. Review Question How many Texans served in the Confederate Army?
B. 10,000
C. 60,000

73. Review Question How many Texans served in the Confederate Army?
B. 10,000
C. 60,000

74. Review Question
The Texas Secession Convention ordered all state officials to take an oath of allegiance to
A. President Lincoln
B. the Confederacy
C. the Union

75. Review Question
The Texas Secession Convention ordered all state officials to take an oath of allegiance to
A. President Lincoln
B. the Confederacy
C. the Union

76. Review Question
Which famous Texan did NOT sign the loyalty oath to the Confederacy?
A. Mirabeau Lamar
B. Albert Sidney Johnston
C. Sam Houston

77. Review Question
Which famous Texan did NOT sign the loyalty oath to the Confederacy?
A. Mirabeau Lamar
B. Albert Sidney Johnston
C. Sam Houston

78. Review Question Conscription is A. secession from the Union
B. Confederate paper money
C. forced enrollment into military service

79. Review Question Conscription is A. secession from the Union
B. Confederate paper money
C. forced enrollment into military service

80. Review Question
What oath did Southerners have to take before they could vote?
A. Emancipation Oath
B. Ironclad Oath
C. Abolitionist Oath

81. Review Question
What oath did Southerners have to take before they could vote?
A. Emancipation Oath
B. Ironclad Oath
C. Abolitionist Oath

82. Review Question
Most former Confederates felt the Radical Republicans’ plan for Reconstruction was
A. too harsh
B. too generous
C. unnecessary

83. Review Question
Most former Confederates felt the Radical Republicans’ plan for Reconstruction was
A. too harsh
B. too generous
C. unnecessary

84. Review Question
The federal agency created to assist newly freed slaves was the
A. Ku Klux Klan
B. Welfare Department
C. Freedman’s Bureau

85. Review Question
The federal agency created to assist newly freed slaves was the
A. Ku Klux Klan
B. Welfare Department
C. Freedman’s Bureau

86. Review Question
The President of the US who was impeached during Reconstruction was
A. Andrew Johnson
B. Abraham Lincoln
C. Ulysses S. Grant

87. Review Question
The President of the US who was impeached during Reconstruction was
A. Andrew Johnson
B. Abraham Lincoln
C. Ulysses S. Grant

88. Review Question
The 8th Texas Cavalry Regiment, which fought in more battles than did any other cavalry regiment in the Civil War, was also known as
A. Terry’s Tennessee Rangers
B. Terry’s Texas Rangers
C. Terry’s Texas Regiment

89. Review Question
The 8th Texas Cavalry Regiment, which fought in more battles than did any other cavalry regiment in the Civil War, was also known as
A. Terry’s Tennessee Rangers
B. Terry’s Texas Rangers
C. Terry’s Texas Regiment

90. Review Question
Which political party used violence to keep African Americans from voting in 1873?
A. Republican
B. Democrat
C. Whigs

91. Review Question
Which political party used violence to keep African Americans from voting in 1873?
A. Republican
B. Democrat
C. Whigs

92. Review Question What was the site of the first Civil War battle?
A. Sabine Pass
B. Fort Sumter
C. New Orleans

93. Review Question What was the site of the first Civil War battle?
A. Sabine Pass
B. Fort Sumter
C. New Orleans

94. Review Question
What was the city where Union forces launched an invasion of Texas in 1864?
A. New Orleans
B. Galveston
C. Palmito Ranch

95. Review Question
What was the city where Union forces launched an invasion of Texas in 1864?
A. New Orleans
B. Galveston
C. Palmito Ranch

96. Review Question Who was the President of the Confederacy?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Jefferson Davis
C. Sam Houston

97. Review Question Who was the President of the Confederacy?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Jefferson Davis
C. Sam Houston

98. Review Question
Which battle dashed Union plans to launch a major campaign against Texas?
A. Sabine Pass
B. New Orleans
C. Palmito Ranch

99. Review Question
Which battle dashed Union plans to launch a major campaign against Texas?
A. Sabine Pass
B. New Orleans
C. Palmito Ranch

100. Review Question
Who was the President of the United States elected in 1860?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Ulysses S. Grant
C. Jefferson Davis

101. Review Question
Who was the President of the United States elected in 1860?
A. Abraham Lincoln
B. Ulysses S. Grant
C. Jefferson Davis

102. Review Question
Who were Northerners who came to the South during Reconstruction?
A. Scalawags
B. Carpetbaggers
C. Radical Republicans

103. Review Question
Who were Northerners who came to the South during Reconstruction?
A. Scalawags
B. Carpetbaggers
C. Radical Republicans

104. Review Question Who were Southern whites who supported Reconstruction?
A. Radical Republicans
B. Scalawags
C. Black Codes

105. Review Question Who were Southern whites who supported Reconstruction?
A. Radical Republicans
B. Scalawags
C. Black Codes

106. Review Question A Radical Republican was
A. someone who limited the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
B. someone who came to the South during Reconstruction
C. someone who set strict standards for admitting Southern states back into the Union

107. Review Question A Radical Republican was
A. someone who limited the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
B. someone who came to the South during Reconstruction
C. someone who set strict standards for admitting Southern states back into the Union

108. Review Question What was the site of the last Civil War battle?
A. New Orleans
B. Palmito Ranch
C. Sabine Pass

109. Review Question What was the site of the last Civil War battle?
A. New Orleans
B. Palmito Ranch
C. Sabine Pass

110. Review Question What were black codes?
A. laws limiting the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
B. laws giving civil rights to newly freed African Americans
C. the 13th and 14th amendments

111. Review Question What were black codes?
A. laws limiting the rights of African Americans after the Civil War
B. laws giving civil rights to newly freed African Americans
C. the 13th and 14th amendments

112. Good Luck on Your Test!!