2. 15 The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 1: Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems Lesson 2: Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 3: Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology Lesson 4: Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth Lesson 5: Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

3. 15.1 Key Terms Centromere Chromatids Chromosomes Crossovers Diploid
Fertilization
Gametes
Haploid
Meiosis
Menarche
Zygote

4. 15.1 Quiz Egg and sperm Chromosomes The joining of gametes Diploid
Half the genetic material
Cell with half genetic material from mother and half from father
Found in all body cells (excluding egg and sperm
Contain genes and DNA
Results in reduction of genetic material
Chromosomes
Diploid
Fertilization
Gametes
Haploid
Meiosis
Zygote

5. Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.1
Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems

6. Reproduction and Development of the Human Reproductive Systems
mitosis versus meiosis
development and puberty

7. Reproduction chromosomes asexual reproduction sexual reproduction
made of DNA, contain genes
asexual reproduction
offspring are a clone of parent
sexual reproduction
a gamete from each parent combine to make a zygote (genetically unique individual)

8. Mitosis versus Meiosis

9. Mitosis versus Meiosis
one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes duplicate in interphase
stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
result
two cells, each with 46 chromosomes identical to the mother cell

10. Mitosis versus Meiosis
chromosome number
diploid–two copies of each chromosome
haploid–one version of each chromosome
normal body cells are diploid
gametes are haploid

11. Mitosis versus Meiosis
produces gametes, or haploid cells
stages
meiosis I–homologous chromosomes separate
meiosis II–sister chromatids separate
result
four haploid cells with 23 chromosomes each

12. Embryonic and Fetal Development
if SRY gene is present
7th week of development male sex organs begin development
if SRY gene is not present
8th week of development female sex organs begin development
 sex-determining region Y

13. Puberty maturation of the reproductive system
development of secondary sexual characteristics
females
menarche
males

14. Review and Assessment
Match these words with 1–4 below: male, chromosomes, meiosis, puberty. 1. maturation of the reproductive system 2. if SRY gene is present 3. made of DNA, contain genes 4. gamete production

15. Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.2
Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

16. 15.2 Key Terms Ductus deferens Ejaculation Epididymis Gonads
Prostate gland
Semen
Seminal glands
sperm

17. Male Reproductive Anatomy

18. Penis Cross-section

19. Male Reproductive Anatomy
scrotum and testes
sperm produced in testes
sperm mature in epididymis
penis
delivers sperm to female
contains erectile tissue

20. Male Reproductive Anatomy
ducts of the male reproductive system
ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct
accessory glands and semen
seminal glands
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands

21. Male Reproductive Physiology
sperm formation
spermatogenesis
begins at puberty
sexual response
erection
ejaculation

22. Review and Assessment
Fill in the blanks with: epididymis, spermatogenesis, testes, or penis.
1. Sperm formation is _______________.
2. The _______________ delivers sperm to the female.
3. Sperm mature in the _______________.
4. Sperm is produced in the _______________.

23. Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.3
Female Reproductive System Anatomy and Physiology

24. Female Reproductive System Anatomy

25. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
the ovaries
oocyte
egg cell
ovulation
release of egg from the ovary

26. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
ducts of the female reproductive system
uterine tubes
connect ovary to uterus
uterus–womb
endometrium
cervix

27. Female Reproductive System Anatomy
vagina
birth canal
external genitalia
labia–majora and minora
clitoris
mammary glands
lactation

28. Oogenesis oocyte production process begins before birth primary oocyte
secondary oocyte
polar bodies

29. The Female Sexual Cycle
also known as the menstrual cycle
ovarian cycle
maturation and release of oocyte
the uterine cycle
uterus readies for implantation

30. The Ovarian Cycle the follicular phase the luteal phase
dominant primary follicle
pituitary gland releases FSH and LH
ovulation
the luteal phase
corpus luteum

31. The Uterine Cycle the menstrual phase the proliferative phase
endometrium breaks down and sheds
the proliferative phase
endometrium grows back
the secretory phase
endometrium prepares to nourish embryo

32. Female Sexual Response
stimulation
tactile
psychological
orgasm

33. Review and Assessment True or False? 1. The vagina is the birth canal.
2. Oogenesis makes sperm.
3. The ovary is also called the womb.
4. Oogenesis begins before birth.
5. Ovulation is release of sperm from the ovary.

34. Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.4
Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth

35. Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth
fertilization of the oocyte
pregnancy
childbirth
lactation

36. Fertilization of the Oocyte
the journey of the sperm
vagina, uterus, uterine tube
capacitation takes up to 10 hours
sperm penetration
zona pellucida
acrosomal enzymes

37. Fertilization of the Oocyte
protection against polyspermy
only one sperm is required for fertilization
more than one sperm causes death of oocyte
chemistry of the zona pellucida changes after sperm entry
completion of meiosis and fertilization
sperm entry causes completion of meiosis
Nejron Photo/Shutterstock.com

38. Pregnancy lasts approximately 265 days
from fertilization to implantation
development of the placenta, embryo, and fetus

39. From Fertilization to Implantation
cell stages
zygote
morula
blastocyst
implantation
blastocyst binds to endometrium

40. From Fertilization to Implantation

41. Development of Placenta, Embryo, and Fetus
after implantation to 8 weeks
placenta
organ that supplies nutrients to embryo and fetus
fetus
after 8 weeks of development

42. Childbirth parturition oxytocin stages of labor birth dilation
expulsion
delivery of placenta

43. Lactation production of breast milk activation of milk-producing cells
prolactin
delivery of milk through ducts to the nipple
oxytocin

44. Review and Assessment
Match these words with 1–4 below: dilation, prolactin, implantation, birth.
1. activation of milk producing cells
2. parturition
3. a stage of labor
4. blastocyst binds to endometrium

45. Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System
Chapter 15: The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
Lesson 15.5
Disorders and Diseases of the Reproductive System

46. Infertility male infertility female infertility low sperm count
erectile dysfunction
female infertility
failure to ovulate
inability of egg to reach uterine tube
lack of implantation

47. Infertility treatment for infertility in vitro fertilization
lifestyle changes
drugs to induce ovulation
surgery to correct anatomical issues
in vitro fertilization
oocyte and sperm combined outside mother’s body

48. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
viral
HIV and AIDS
genital herpes
human papillomavirus
bacterial
gonorrhea
chlamydia
pelvic inflammatory disease

49. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
detection and prevention
symptoms
genital discharge, sores, rash, burning during urination, and growths
prevention
condom, abstinence

50. Cancers of the Reproductive System
prostate cancer
PSA test
cancers of the female reproductive tract
uterine cancer
ovarian cancer
cervical cancer
breast cancer

51. Review and Assessment True or False?
1. Abstinence will prevent spread of STDs.
2. A virus causes AIDS.
3. A virus causes gonorrhea.
4. A bacterium causes genital herpes.
5. Genital discharge is a symptom of STDs.