1. Rock layers
Fossil Fuels
Fossil Fuel Formation 62 63

2. EQ: Describe the relationship between the carbon cycle, deposition, rock layers, and fossil fuel.

3. Review the Carbon Cycle

4. How are rock layers formed?

5. Discuss how deposition creates rock layers.

6. Our Crust is full of layers, which are exposed in mountains and canyons

7. NBpg 62 Top
Draw and color image
Then explain how the rock layers are created in 5 bullet points

8. Now that we have layers, what happens when organisms get trapped in the layers?

10. Compare Renewable to Nonrenewable Energy
Types, how we collect the energy, affecting the planet

11. NBpg. 63 Slide 1 of 5
Fossil Fuel Formation
Fossil fuels: composed of partially decayed remnants of organisms
Which formed petroleum (oil) , natural gas and coal
Fossil fuels are made of hydrocarbons (carbon and hydrogen)
They are nonrenewable resources.
Fossil fuel takes hundreds of millions of years to form.  

12. Fossil Fuel Formation: Coal
NBpg. 63 Slide 2 of 5
Fossil Fuel Formation: Coal
Organic sedimentary rock formed from plant remains deposited in swamps and marshes
Then exposed to large amounts of heat and pressure for eons (longer than eras).
Burning coal is one of the largest sources of CO2
= Combustion

13. Organic Materials + Pressure + Heat + Time =
NBpg. 63 Slide 3 of 5
Dead plants get buried and compacted to create peat. ​
Plant material breaks down releasing natural gas.​
Peat is further compacted to create lignite (brown coal)​
Lignite is compacted to create bituminous coal (soft coal)​
Finally, bituminous coal is compacted to create anthracite (hard coal)​
Organic Materials + Pressure + Heat + Time =
COAL

14. Fossil Fuel Formation: PETROLEUM (OIL)
NBpg. 63 Slide 4 of 5
Oil is a thick, liquid fossil fuel, it is formed from remains of small animals, algae and protists.​
The United States consumes about one third of all the oil produced in the world.​
Oil was formed when large numbers of microscopic aquatic organisms died and settled in the sediments
Fossil Fuel Formation: PETROLEUM (OIL)

15. Fossil Fuel Formation: NATURAL GAS
NBpg. 63 Slide 5 of 5
It is a mixture of highly flammable gasses, like methane, which are made from plants or animals.​
Formation of natural gas starts the same as oil: Marine life gets buried deeper and deeper. Pressure builds up and creates heat. ​
If heat is greater than 300 °C, the oil is further broken down to form natural gas​
Fossil Fuel Formation: NATURAL GAS

16. NBpg 62 Bottom
Draw and Color Images
Make sure to understand that pressure, heat, and time are needed to create these resources.