1. AIM: WAS WWII. INEVITABLE?

2. “Art is not made to decorate rooms
“Art is not made to decorate rooms. It is an offensive weapon in the defense against the enemy”. Picasso Explain what this quote means? How can art be utilized as an instrument against war?
Describe what is being depicted in this mural? /What is the POINT OF VIEW of the ARTIST?/What INFERENCES can you draw from this painting?

4. I.

5. A. GERMANY
: Hitler began to rebuild German military.
2. Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles.
3.Germany withdrew from League of Nations.
: Hitler took back the Rhineland.
: Germany signed alliance with Japan.
6. Early 1938: Hitler annexed Austria.

6. “WE SHALL HAVE TO FIGHT ANOTHER WAR AGAIN IN 25 YEARS TIME
“WE SHALL HAVE TO FIGHT ANOTHER WAR AGAIN IN 25 YEARS TIME." DAVID LLOYD GEORGE
WHAT DOES THIS QUOTE TELL YOU ABOUT GEORGE’S FEELINGS TOWARD THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES ? COULD WWII HAVE BEEN AVOIDED IF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES WAS NEVER EXECUTED?
OR WAS WWII INEVITABLE?

7. 7. MUNICH CONFERENCE OF 1938: Hitler was given the Sudetenland.
APPEASEMENT POLICY: England and France let Germany take over Czechoslovakia, as long as Hitler did not ask for anything else and not start a WAR.

9. II. EUROPE 1939
a. Appeasement worked for one year.
b.1939: Hitler claimed the rest of Czechoslovakia.
c. March 1939: Italy invaded Albania.
d. May 1939:Germans signed “Pact of Steel” uniting Germany and Italy.

11. CONCLUDING JOURNAL ENTRY
The Munich Conference used appeasement to stop Nazi aggression.
This is considered one of the biggest mistakes in military history.
The Germans used their aggression to force countries to give into demands. They did this knowing that the other European countries did not want to fight in another world war.
WHAT IF the British and the French did not give into Hitler’s demands?
WHAT IF they did not appease the dictator?
How would the world be different?
Explain in a 2-3 paragraphs .

12. Aim: Why is World War II called the most destructive war in human history?

15. I. NAZI-SOVIET PACT
a. 1939: Germany signed the Nazi-Soviet Pact with Soviet Union.
b. Germany would take Eastern Poland and Lithuania.
c. Russia would get remainder of Poland, Finland and the Baltic States.

16. II. WAR BEGINS
a. September 1, 1939: Hitler invaded Poland, German attack called “blitzkrieg”, (lightning warfare).
b. September 3, 1939: Britain and France declare war on Germany, the United States declared its neutrality, Soviets and Nazis split Poland, Russians attacked Finland and are expelled from the League of Nations.

18. III. 1940
a. Early 1940 Nazis invaded:
Denmark
Belgium
France
(among others)
b. Great Britain was the next target.

20. C. THE BATTLE FOR BRITAIN
1. July 1940: Battle of Britain began.
2. German Luftwaffe began mass bomber attacks on radar stations and airfields.
3. Hitler then switched the attack to civilian targets..
4. Decision cost the Germans the Battle for Britain.

22. “The arts may be used as archeological artifacts that tell us about a time and place. The pictures may not only be discussed from an aesthetic point of view involving color, texture, shape, size, and structure but also in terms of symbolic meaning, function, status”.-JACK ZEVIN
DO YOU AGREE?

28. IV. OPERATION BARBAROSSA GERMANY:
a. 1941:Germany invaded the Soviet Union.
b. Soviets retreated and used the scorched earth plan, burning everything to keep them from the Germans. Forced Russians to side with the Allies and Germany was fighting a two-front war.

30. CONCLUDING JOURNAL ENTRY a major turning point in WWII?
In a paragraph explain why Operation Barbarossa was and why it is considered
a major turning point in WWII?

31. AIM: HOW DID WWII EMERGE IN THE PACIFIC?
DESCRIBE YOUR prior historical KNOWLEDGE OF JAPAN

33. I. WWII IN THE PACIFIC
a. Japan continued its expansion
b. Tripartite Pact was signed between Tokyo, Rome, and Berlin.
c. Japan bombed-through kamikaze attacks, Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
1. United States & Britain declared war on Japan.
2. Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S.
3. After Pearl Harbor, the Japanese seized Guam, Wake Island, Hong Kong, Malaya, Burma and the Dutch East Indies.

40. d. Japanese Americans-after Pearl Harbor, were targeted and sent to internment camps.

41. e. Bataan Death March
1. Japanese forced U.S. and Filipino soldiers to MARCH after Japan defeated the Philippines in 1942.
2. 10,000 people died or were killed during the march.

43. BATTLE OF IWOJIMA:
February 19, 1945: U.S. Marines invaded the island. In almost a month of fighting, more than 20,000 Japanese soldiers and more than 6,000 U.S. Marines were killed; proving to be one of the bloodiest battles in WWII. Securing Iwo Jima prepared the way for the last major battle in the Pacific: the invasion of Okinawa.

47. CONCLUDING JOURNAL ENTRY How was the U.S. involvement in WWII
a “turning point”
for the war?
How has U.S. intervention in international conflicts (WWI) changed the outcome?

48. AIM: HOW & WHEN DID HITLER’S REGIME COME TO AN END?

49. Interpret the Message of the Cartoon
Describe the cartoon
Interpret the Message of the Cartoon
Why has Russia been an interest for international powers to conquer?

50. I. BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
(Nov. 1942—Feb. 1943)
a. Critical battle of the Eastern Front: First German land defeat in Europe.

51. b. German armies were surrounded by Soviet forces.
c. Bulk of the German army in Stalingrad (300,000 men) was destroyed in the battle.

52. d. February 1945- Soviet armies penetrated to the outskirts of Berlin.

54. Anthony Beevor, author of Stalingrad
“They were being sent into an image of hell. As darkness intensified, the huge flames silhouetted the shells of tall buildings on the bank high above them and cast grotesque shadows… As they approached the shore, they caught the smell of charred buildings and the sickly stench from decaying corpses under the rubble.”
Anthony Beevor, author of Stalingrad
“…a different outcome in the Battle of Stalingrad could scarcely have changed the end result of the war… Because of its tremendous size, spaces, and distances, Russia could only be conquered by Russians.”
General (Ret) Uhle-Wettler, German Army
HOW COULD A DIFFERENT OUTCOME IN THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD HAVE CHANGED THE END RESULT OF WWII?
WHY DO YOU THINK THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD IS CONSIDERED BY MOST HISTORIANS TO BE THE TURNING POINT IN THE EASTERN EUROPEAN THEATER OF WWII?

56. II. OFFICAL END OF WAR
a. 1943:Italy surrendered.
b. June 1944 (D-DAY): Allies recaptured (Normandy) France forcing Germany to fight the war on multiple fronts.
c. April 30, 1945: Adolf Hitler committed suicide.
d. May 7, 1945: German Army authorized an unconditional surrender.

67. What if D-Day Failed, would the outcome of WWII be different?

68. Who is ultimately responsible for weapons of mass destruction
Who is ultimately responsible for weapons of mass destruction? Politicians? Military? Scientists?

69. e. August 6/9 1945: American planes dropped atomic bombs on Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki forcing the Japanese to surrender.

75. CONCLUDING JOURNAL ENTRY
INFORMAL DEBATE
1. WAS IT JUSTIFIED FOR THE UNITED STATES TO EXECUTE THE NUCLEAR BOMBINGS OF JAPAN TO OFFICIALLY TERMINATE WWII?
2. SHOULD THERE BE ‘RULES’ DURING WARFARE, OR SHOULD POLITICAL LEADERS DO WHATEVER IT TAKES TO WIN AND TERMINATE THE CONFLICT?
3. IS THERE A MORAL DILEMMA WITHIN THESE CIRCUMSTANCES OR IS THERE NO MORALITY IN POLITICAL DECISION MAKING? EXPLAIN

77. 1. NAZI GENOCIDAL POLICY: Referred to as the “Final Solution”.
f. HOLOCAUST:
1. NAZI GENOCIDAL POLICY: Referred to as the “Final Solution”.
2. 6 million Jews, 5 million Slavs, Gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, political dissidentS-11 million were killed. 77

80. 3.1945 -1946: NUREMBERG TRIALS: 12 Nazi leaders were sentenced to death war crimes.
4. Thousands of other Nazis were found guilty, and were imprisoned, and executed.