1. World War II

2. I. Causes

3. A. Similar Causes to WWI World War I World War II 1. Alliances
2. Nationalism
3. Militarism
4. Imperialism

4. 1. Axis Powers

5. 2. Allied Powers

6. B. Nationalism

8. C. Militarism

12. 1. New Nazi Technologies

13. D. Imperialism (Axis Aggressions)
1931 Japan takes Manchuria and port of Shanghai
1935 Italy invades Ethiopia
1936 Germany retakes Saar Valley (Rhineland)
1938 Germany annexes Austria
1938 Munich Conference- Germany gains Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia

14. Aggressions cont’d 1937 Japan invades China
1939 Germany takes rest of Czechoslovakia
Germany helps Spanish fascists in Spanish Civil War- Franco comes to power.
1939 Hitler and Stalin sign Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact
September 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland. World War II officially starts.

15. II. Axis on the Offensive

16. A. Germany 1939-1942 Blitzkrieg tactics
By Fall of 1940, Germany had conquered most of western Europe.
Began the “Blitz” of Britain to try and remove them from the war.
June 1941 Germany violated Non-Aggression Pact and invaded Russia (Operation Barbarossa)

20. B. Japan
1937 Invaded China
1941 Bombed Pearl Harbor/ Invaded Philippines and Vietnam
1942 Invaded Singapore and islands south to New Guinea thus threatening Australia
1942 Also took some Aleutian Islands (US territory)

22. C. Axis Successes by 1942
Held all of western and most of eastern Europe
Controlled most of the Mediterranean area
North Africa
Most of China and Southeast Asia
Controlled large areas of Russia

23. III. Allied Turning Points 1942-44
1942 Battle of Midway
Partisans in Europe
August 1942 Stalingrad
Spring 1943 US and British forces defeat Germany in North Africa
August 1943 Invade Sicily
Fall of 1943 Invade Italy
Summer 1943 Battle of Kursk
June 6, 1944 Normandy Invasion
Winter 1944 Battle of the Bulge

31. IV. “V” is for Victory

32. A. Allied Victory Europe
After the battles of the Bulge and Kursk, the German army was on the run.
Massive Allied bombing of Germany in 1944 and 1945
Hitler commits suicide in April 1945 as Soviets enter Berlin.

34. B. Allied Victory Japan
After Midway, General Douglas MacArthur begins “island hopping” campaign.
By Spring of 1945, Allied forces had recaptured most of Pacific and after battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa could now launch bombing raids on Japan.
August 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki destroyed by atomic bombs.

38. V. Conferences
1941 Atlantic- Churchill and Roosevelt meet to set war aims
1943 Tehran- Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill meet to discuss opening second front in Europe and to agree to cooperate in war effort.
Feb Yalta- Big Three meet again to discuss post war Europe, UN creation, agreement to defeat Japan together.
July 1945 Potsdam- Big Three (Truman now president of US) re-affirm Yalta agreements, US hints at atomic bomb development.

39. VI. Results of WWII 2191 days of warfare 17 million soldiers killed
44 million civilians killed-12 million in Nazi death camps
Most expensive war in history
United Nations formed
2 power world emerges- US vs. USSR
Cold War begins