1. Methods
Week 4 DM 1

2. Housekeeping: Name Cards
English Nickname: _________
address: ______________
Phone #: __________________
Your Picture
Something about your self:_________
______________________________ 2

3. Homework Today’s Class- Chapter 3 - DM Read Ch 4 - ALM
First, in TP3 read the sections: Experience and Thinking About the Experience (pp )
Then use the TESOL Method Workbook (TMWB, pp ) As you re-read the chapter look at and answer the questions in the workbook

4. TESOL Method Workbook Open the book to page 28 Discuss questions 1-3:
What is the goal of DM?
What is one very basic rule of DM?
Discuss the sample lesson and question 3a-3g.

5. TESOL Workbook What is the topic of the lesson?
What resources did the T use?
How does the T teach; that is, what techniques did the T use?
What is the TL (grammar/vocabulary)?
How is the TL taught?
Role of T?
Role of Ss?

6. DM: Some History
DM is a reaction to the GTM based on observation about how people learn their first language
Primacy of spoken language should be reflected in oral-based methodology
Learners should hear the language first, before seeing it in written form
Language should be presented in sentences in meaningful contexts, not as isolated, disconnected pieces

7. DM and the Berlitz School
Direct Method was very popular because it was adopted by a major European language school
Berlitz rules mirror DM almost exactly
Never translate: demonstrate
Never explain: act
Never make a speech: ask questions
Never imitate mistakes: correct
Never speak with single words: use full sentences

8. DM and the Berlitz School
Never speak too much: make Ss speak much
Never speak too slowly: speak normally
Never speak too quickly: speak naturally
Never speak too loudly: speak naturally

9. DM: Principles based on the rules
DM has one very basic rule:
NO TRANSLATION ALLOWED
Meaning is to be conveyed directly in TL through use of demonstration & visual aids, without using L1 at all

10. DM: Principles based on the rules
Classroom instruction conducted exclusively in TL
Only everyday vocabulary & sentences taught
Oral communication skills built up in carefully graded progression around T-S Q&A exchanges in small, intensive classes

11. DM: Principles based on the rules
Grammar taught inductively
New teaching points introduced orally
Concrete vocabulary taught through demonstrations, objects, pictures
Abstract vocab: association of ideas
Emphasizes speech, listening comprehension, correct pronunciation & grammar

12. Reviewing the Techniques
Question 4 on p. 29 in the workbook
Look at the list of techniques on pp
Choose two techniques that you think are useful
Explain how/why you would use them

13. Question Techniques Focusing Questions (to check Ss attn.)
What do you at the bottom of page 86?
How many columns do you see?
Guiding Questions (to elicit information form Ss)
What do you see in this picture?
Do long words or short words take more?
CCQs (Comprehension/Concept Check Questions to check if Ss understand what has be said)

14. CCQs There are three kinds of CCQs Positive/Negative check questions:
Is this a cup?
Do doctors work in a police station?
Discrimination check questions:
Is a ghost alive or dead?
Are you working alone or with a partner?
Demonstration check questions:
What are you going to do?
Where does a doctor work?

15. Make 3 CCQs for each word or situation
Summer
Square
Pour out
Ss are going to do a cloze activity
Ss are going to listen and circle the words that they hear
Ss need to do a “find someone who” activity

16. Direct Method Doubting and Believing
Discuss the Qs on bottom of p. 29 in the workbook. Then answer these 3 Qs:
What are the benefits and challenges of using this method?
When might it be appropriate to use?
When would other approaches be more appropriate?

17. In class Activity p. 30
How would you use the DM techniques to teach the content on p. 30?
Work with your group members to come up with a sequence of activities
If time permits you will teach this to other group members.