1. Teaching statiges
For Elderly

2. Outline : Objective . Introduction .
Theoretical perspectives on Aging .
About elderly.
Physical , cognitive & psychosocial change .
Elderly client variables Influencing Learning .
Teaching strategies & Method .
Nursing role & family role .
Summary .
Conclusion .
References .

3. Objectives :
After completing this seminar , the reader will be able to :
Identify the physical , cognitive and psychosocial characteristic of the learners that influence learning at various stages of growth & developmental
Discuss appropriate teaching strategies effective for learners at elderly stage .
Recognize the role of the nurse as educator in assessing stage-specific learner needs according to maturational levels for elderly .
Determine the role of family in Educational process .

4. Theoretical perspectives on Aging
Aging : is a complex set of physical , emotional , & social changes that contribute to increased risk for health problems & functional decline. Aging involves a gradual & progressive weakness of function over time & is not a product of disease , although the effect of aging may place older people at higher risk for disease .

5. categories:
People who are over age 65(universally), but in Jordan over age 60.
Three categories of older adults :
The young-old (65– 74 years of age)
The old-old (75–84 years of age)
The oldest-old (85 years and greater)

6. According to research :
The world's population is ageing rapidly.
وكالة عمون: 5.4 % من سكان الأردن كبار السن...
وقد قدر عدد سكان المملكة لنهاية عام 2017 بحوالي مليون نسمة شكل كبار السن منهم في العمر 60 سنة فأكثر ما نسبته 5.4 % كانت نسبة الذكور منهم 5.2% مقابل 5.7 % للإناث. 

7. Teaching for Elderly
The teaching of the older persons , known as geragogy is different from teaching young adults andragogy and children pedagogy .
For teaching to be effective , geragogy must accommodate the normal physical , cognitive and psychosocial changes that occur at this phase of growth and development .

8. Physical, Cognitive, and Psychosocial Development
Physiological changes :
As a person grows older, natural physiological changes in all systems of the body are universal, progressive and decremental .
Alterations in physiological functioning can lead secondarily to changes in learning ability. The senses of sight and hearing are usually the first areas of decreased functioning noticed by adults .

9. Cognitive changes :
Aging affects the mind as well as the body . Cognitive ability changes with age as permanents cellular alteration occur in the brain itself resulting actual loss of neurons which have no regenerative power .
Physiological research has demonstrated that people have two kinds of intellectual ability- crystallize and fluid intelligence.

10. Crystallized intelligence is the intelligence absorbed over a lifetime, such as vocabulary, general information, understanding social interactions, arithmetic reasoning, and ability to evaluate experiences.
This kind of intelligence actually increases with as people age . However it can be impaired by disease states such as dementia seen in Alzheimer's disease .
Fluid intelligence is the ability to perceive relationships, to reason, and to perform abstract thinking .

11. https://www. verywellmind

12. Psychosocial changes

13. Major Question: "Did I live a meaningful life?"
The major psychosocial developmental task at this stage in life as ego integrity versus despair.
Major Question: "Did I live a meaningful life?"

14. This phase of older adulthood includes :
Dealing with the reality of aging .
The acceptance of the inevitability that we all will die .
The reconciling of past failures with present and future concerns .
Developing a sense of growth and purpose for those years remaining .

15. The most common psychosocial tasks of aging involve change in lifestyle and social status as result :
Illness or death of spouse , Relatives , friends .
The moving away of children , grand-children and friends .
Depression , grief , loneliness , isolation .
Relocation to an unfamiliar environment such as an extended care facility or senior residential living center

16. Elderly client variables Influencing Learning Energy & Fatigue levels
Motivation
Sensory perception
Elderly client variables Influencing Learning
Energy & Fatigue levels
Memory
Cautiousness& Risk Taking
Response time

17. Older Adults’ Motivation to Learn in Higher Education
Lin Yi-Yin University of Georgia
Abstract: A limited amount of literature has discussed older adults in formal education, especially their motivations to learn in higher education. This study aims to understand older adults’ learning in the context of higher education. Specifically, this study argues that higher education can function as a stimulating learning environment that helps older adults meet their late-life development needs and can lead them toward a meaningful and positive aging experience.
Findings
Older Adults’ Motivation to Learn in Higher Education :
Desire for knowledge.
Desire for self-fulfillment.
Desire for generativity.

18. Teaching Strategies
Nurses must be aware of the fact that older patients may delay medical attention .
In working with older adults, reminiscing is a beneficial approach to use to establish a therapeutic relationship.
Memorizes can be quite powerful , talking with older persons about their experiences – marriage , children , grandchildren , jobs, community involvement and the like can be very stimulating .

19. • Furthermore , their answers will give the nurse an insight into their humanness , their abilities & their concern .
The process of teaching and learning is much more rewarding and successful for both the nurse and the patient if it is tailored to fit the older adult’s physical, cognitive, motivational, and social differences.
Because changes as a result of aging vary considerably from one individual to another, it is essential to assess each learner’s physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning levels before developing and implementing any teaching plan.

20. It is important to keep in mind that older adults have an overall lower educational level of formal schooling than the population as a whole.
Also, they were raised in an era when consumerism and health education were practically nonexistent.
As a result, older people may feel uncomfortable in the teaching–learning situation and may be reluctant to ask questions.
Health education for older persons should be directed at promoting their involvement and changing their attitudes toward learning .

21. Nursing Role
Essential assess each learners physical , cognitive & psychosocial functioning level before developing & implementing any teaching plan .
Assess learning need , its important to keep in mind that older adults have an overall lower educational level of schooling than the population as a whole .

22. Assess both patient and family to gain the knowledge and skill necessary to meet ongoing healthcare need .
Assess the caregiver feel about the role of providing supportive care ,and how feel about learning the necessary information , and what caregiver learning style preference, cognitive abilities , fears and concerns.

23. :interventions
Create appropriate environment .equipment with physical and developmental stage( font size /light/ setting…)
Give enough breaks..
The lecture is not long…
Participation and feedback.

24. Summary Effective teaching process
Determine appropriate strategies according to developmental stage assessment
Define the context to be taught according to patient need
Create environment
Inviting participation and feedback
Family involvement

25. Conclusion
Its important to understand the specific and varied tasks associated with each developmental stage to individualize the approach to teaching in meeting the needs and desire of client and their families & increased quality of life .
When nursing students and staff are the audience of learners , the educators also is responsible for assuming the leadership role as facilitator the learning process .

26. References
- Health education book , chapter 5 “ the developmental stages of the learning “ . - Population and community health nursing , MARY JO CLARK , six edition ,” care the older population “ , chapter 19.