1. Control of Diabetes Through Diet
Video By: SALMAN MUHAMMAD
IAGS, University Of The Punjab

2. Requirements:
1) Make Video in Simple Urdu  2) Brief Introduction of Diabetes  3) Symptoms 4) Low, High and Normal Range  5) Recommended Medicines  6) Diet Plan (Can Explain Through Figures, Charts etc.) 7) Conclusion 8) References (Authentic)

3. 1.Introduction
Diabetes is a lifelong condition characterized by high blood sugar resulting from:
Lack or insufcient production of insulin (Type 1)
Insulin resistance (inaction) (Type 2)
Both

4. 2. Symptoms 2.2 Type 1
Some of the most noticeable and most common symptoms of type 1 diabetes are:
Excessive thirst
Unusually high levels of urination
Feeling tired all the time
Loss of muscular bulk and unexplained weight loss
The main symptoms of type 1 diabetes are often referred to as the 4Ts of type 1 diabetes.

5. Other symptoms which may accompany the above symptoms are:
Itchiness around the penis or vagina
Blurring of vision (caused by dryness of the eyes)
Unexpected cramping
Skin infections
Emergency diabetes symptoms
Seek urgent medical attention if diabetes symptoms combine with any of the following:
A serious loss of appetite
Nausea and vomiting
A temperature
Pains in the stomach
A fruity, chemical smell on the breath (most often likened to pear drops or nail varnish)

6. 2.2 Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong condition. Once symptoms of diabetes have developed into the condition, the body will then be unable to regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.

7. 2.2 Type 2 diabetes
Feeling tired during the day, particularly after meals (fatigue)
Often feeling hungry, particularly if you feel hungry shortly after eating (polyphagia)
Urinating more often than normal, particular needing to do so during the night (polyuria)
Feeling abnormally thirsty (polydipsia)
Blurred vision
Itching of the skin, particularly itchiness around the genitals (genital itchiness)
Slow healing of cuts or wounds
Having regular yeast infections (thrush)
Having a skin disorder such as psoriasis or acanthosis nigricans
Sudden weight loss or loss of muscle mass

8. 3.0 Low, Medium and High Blood Glucose Level Hypoglycemia Normal
Hyperglycemia
< 70 mg/dL
mg/dL. 126(more precisely)
Fasting >130 mg/dL
After meal >180 mg/dL

10. 4.0 MEDICATION

11. When to go for medication
In the initial stage = exercise and good diet
Medicines that assist insulin and related metabolism
Insulin Injection

12. Some commonly used Medicines

13. 3.Alpha glusidase inhibitors:
1.Sulphonylureas
2.Biguanides 
3.Alpha glusidase inhibitors: 
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved one ergot alkaloid, bromocriptine (Cycloset), for type 2 diabetes.
Doctors do not often recommend or prescribe this medication.
4. Thiozolidinediones
5. Incretin mimetics
 6.Aspirin

14. 9. Flu and pneumonia shots:
7.Lipid lowering drugs
8. Neuropathy treatment
9. Flu and pneumonia shots: 

15. Insulin
Types of insulins according to mode of action

16. Rapid Acting Short Acting Intermediate Acting Long Acting
Action Start = 5-10min , Peak = 1 hr, Total Action Time = 2 hr
lispro, aspart and glulisine insulin
Short Acting
Action Start = 25-30min , Peak = 2 hr, Total Action Time = 5-6 hr
Regular human insulin
Intermediate Acting
Action Start = 2-4 hr, Peak = 4-12 hr, Total Action Time = hr
NPH insulin
Long Acting
Action Start = 6-10 hr, Peak = Nill, Total Action Time = 20-24/36 hr
Glargine and detemir 

17. 5.0 Dietary Aim Ensuring weight control
Providing nutritional requirements
Allowing good glycaemic control with blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible
Correcting any associated blood lipid abnormalities
Ensuring consistency and compatibility with other forms of treatment if used, for example oral agents or insulin.

18. Diet Planning for Diabetes
Major Nutrients
Minor Nutrients
Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
All Nutrients should be taken in a balanced way

19. FAT
Protein
25-35% of total energy
Saturated Fat =/< 10%
Cholestrol =/< 300 mg
10-15% total energy ( g/kg of desirable body weight
Both animal and plant source
Can be increased for children and pregnant women

20. Diet Planning for Diabetes
Carbohydrates:
50-60% of total caloric content
Traditionally recommended that carbohydrates should be complex and high in fibre
Salts:
Excessive salt intake is to be avoided. It should be particularly restricted in people with hypertension and those with nephropathy.

21. Exercise:
Physical activity promotes weight reduction and improves insulin sensitivity, thus
lowering blood glucose levels

22. Conclusion and references will be given in final slides
Proper diet, physical activity, on time diagnosis and treatment can make life easy with diabetes

23. References https://www.diabetes.co.uk/type1-diabetes-symptoms.html
information/diabetes/overview/preventing-problems/low-blood- glucose-hypoglycemia#hypoglycemia
conditions/diabetes/type-1-diabetes