1. LECTURE TWO: INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (ITT) PROCESS:
What is Technology Transfer Process;
Importance of ITT Process for Development;
The need to manage efficiently the ITT
Process;
What does it take to Manage the ITT Process

2. ITT PROCESS
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Complex and long process involving distinct stages and sub-stages.
Involves execution of distinct technical and managerial tasks.
Draws on various kinds of technological and managerial inputs
Involves transformation of broad ideas into concrete artifacts.
Generates different outputs to the different parties involved in the process.

3. Technology Transfer – is simply the process of relocation of technology – eg production systems - machines, equipment and technology -technical knowledge, skills, expertise etc from one point to another - oftentimes within the context of implementing an investment project. 4 2 3 1
Relocation and Implementation
Analysis Examination
Negotiating & Bargaining
International Search for Alternatives

4. Searching leading to identification of Alternative Supplier sources and of suppliers
Analysis and Examination leading to choice and selection of supplier and source of supplier
Negotiating and Bargaining for terms and conditions for the supply of technology
Relocation and implementation leading to equipment installation, startup and operation

5. STAGES: PROVISION OF BASIC SERVICES AND GOODS
Stage 1: Initial Techno – Economic Studies
Stage 2: Project Engineering Works
Outline Engineering
Detailed Engineering
Civil Engineering
Preparation for Procurement.
Stage 3: Capital Goods Production
- Machinery and Equipment;
- Building and Infrastructure;
Stage 4: Onsite Installation and Start Up
- Equipment Assembly, Installation and Commissioning;
- Labour Training; and
- Production Start up

6. MANAGEMENT & DECISION MAKING INPUTS
Identification and Selection of Input Suppliers
Project Management Services Suppliers.
Study and Engineering Service Suppliers.
Machinery Suppliers etc
Construction Suppliers
Negotiation and Bargaining with Input Suppliers
Negotiation and Bargaining with Project Management Input Suppliers.
Negotiation and Bargaining with Project Engineering Service Suppliers.
Negotiation and Bargaining with Construction & Civil Works Suppliers.

7. Progress Decision Making and Monitoring
Early Inter Stage Decision Making.
Overall Progress Monitoring and Acceptance.
Detailed Monitoring and Supervision. 

8. Importance of the ITT process for Development – ITT process constitutes a prime source of elements of technology (eg. technical knowledge, skills, expertise etc and of production systems - eg machinery, equipment, parts etc) – both of these are essential and strategic inputs to development. Both of these are used in combination with physical factors of production to create value and wealth for improving the prosperity and welfare of a community/ economy/ society .

9. MAIN OUTPUTS OF THE ITT PROCESS EFFICIENTLY1 1 1 1 1
ITT Process
Increments of Skills, Knowledge and Expertise
Production systems (Machines, Equipment, etc.)
Prod Cap
Tech Cap
Local STI System

10. WHY MANAGE THE ITT PROCESS EFFICIENTLY
Ensure that the importer receives, from the exporter, both hardware and software
Ensure that the importer receives appropriate hardware and software
Ensure that the buyer gets a fair deal from what he spends
Ensure that imported technical systems contributes to building a homogeneous local STI system.

11. Effective and Efficient ITT Process Requires:
DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROCESS.
BUILDING THE SKILLS, EXPERTISE, COMPETENCES.
BUILDING THE RELEVANT INSTITUTIONS, STRUCTURES FOR MANAGEMENT.
ENGAGING THE SKILLS AND INSTITUTIONS FOR THE PURPOSE.

12. WHY DEAL WITH ITT PROCESS IN THIS EVOLUTIONARY AND DYNAMIC MANNER
Underscore the fact that STI is embedded in Investment process
Efficient and Effective ITT Management requires - understanding, skills, expertise, institutions, commitment and will power.
Government and stakeholder policies must address these issues squarely

13. ITT Challenges
Wrong mindsets amongst policy makers, managers, entrepreneurs etc about ITT is a major hindrance to efficient ITT Management.
Inadequate local tech capabilities for managing Tech Transfer