1. Extra Info for Unit 5 TEST

2. ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
Restoration: trying to return to a condition as similar as possible to original state
Involves active manipulation of nature to re-create conditions that existed before human disturbance
Rehabilitation: attempting to turn a degraded ecosystem back to being functional.
May not achieve complete restoration to its original conditions

3. ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION
Remediation: cleaning up chemical contaminants from a polluted area
Reclamation: chemical, biological or physical clean-up and reconstruction of severely contaminated or degraded sites to return them to something like their original topography and vegetation
Re-creation: construction of an entirely new biological community to replace one that has been destroyed on that or another site.

4. Fecal Snow
The air in Mexico City contains dried fecal matter from millions of gallons of sewage dumped near the city in open-air areas and from some 3 million stray dogs.
Mexico City is one of the few places in the world you can inhale a gastrointestinal disease like hepatitis or dysentery.

5. Urbanization
Climate conditions are different in city’s due to number of people and pollution.
The following generally are higher in cities
Temperature
Precipitation
Clouds
Fog

6. National Land Use
Road construction, mining and logging are allowed in the following:
National Resource Lands
National Parks
National Forests
National Wildlife Refuges
NOT in National Wilderness Preservation Areas

7. Federal Agencies
All of the following federal agencies manage designated wilderness areas in the United States
Fish and Wildlife Service
National Park Service
Bureau of Land Management
Forest Service

8. Federal Agencies
National Wilderness Preservation Areas—no motor vehicles are allowed in theses areas
National Forests—can be fished and logged
National Parks—not for commercial hunting or fishing, only recreational
National Resource Lands—provide a large supply of minerals and energy
National Wildlife Refuges—provide a large amount of land for a variety of animals to breed in and live

9. Precautionary Principle
The decision to leave a margin of safety for unexpected developments
When an activity raises threats of harm to human health or the environment, precautionary measures should be taken even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically

10. Positive Feedback Loop
sometimes referred to as "cumulative causation", is the feedback loop system in which the system responds to perturbation in the same direction as the perturbation
Ex. School increases population so build bigger school, school is bigger so can house more students so population increase

11. Frontier Forests
A forested area that is relatively undisturbed by human activity and large enough to maintain its biodiversity is referred to as a ‘frontier forest’.
account for 40% of the total forest area in the world.