1. The State of the Great Western Powers
Jigsaw Activity

2. England Political Social Economic Militaristic Foreign Relations
Long-term/stable government (David Lloyd George)
Large expensive/diverse empire
Social
Growing Middle Class
Unified population (with the exception of Ireland)
Economic
Industrialized
Militaristic
Small volunteer army
Strong navy
Foreign Relations
Feared Russian expansion

3. France Political Social Economic Militaristic Foreign Relations
Large colonial Empire (Georges Clemenceau)
Social
Small population
Nationalistic (since the French Revolution)
Economic
Profitable/productive agricultural sector
Militaristic
Small army
Strict mobilization plans
Foreign Relations
Disliked the Germans

4. Russia Political Social Economic Militaristic Foreign Relations
Absolute rulers opposed reforms (Czar Nicholas II)
State-sponsored nationalism (Russification)
Social
Diverse population (included large Jewish population)
Gap b/t rich & poor
Economic
Growing industry
Militaristic
Underfunded/underequipped army
Lost Russ0-Japanese War in 1905
Foreign Relations
Felt entitled to Slavic Ottoman territories

5. Austria-Hungary Political Social Foreign Relations
Conservative Monarchy (Franz Ferdinand)
Social
Numerous ethnic groups
Foreign Relations
Feared independence movements in the Balkans

6. Germany Political Social Economic Militaristic Foreign Relations
Imperialistic monarchy (Kaiser Wilhelm II)
Social
Socialist
Nationalistic (pride in military/industry)
Economic
Heavily industrialized
Militaristic
Most powerful army in Europe
Strict mobilization plans
Foreign Relations
Loose alliances with Russia and Austria-Hungary

7. Ottoman Empire Political Social Economic Militaristic
Experienced rapid territory losses
1909, “Young Turks” (reformers) overthrew Sultan
Social
Nationalist Turkish identity (Turkification)
Economic
Weak industrialization
Militaristic
Controlled strategic land-holdings
Tried to imitate German militarization
Foreign Relations
Other nations sought to capitalize on its disintegration

8. United States Political Social Economic Military Alliances
Stable & isolated (Woodrow Wilson)
Social
Growing middle-class
Economic
Strong Industrial sector
Military
Modernized and organized army
Alliances
Strong trade relationship w/ British and French