1. SBI 3U
Welcome!

2. Introduction Review course outline & course calendar
Questions? Comments? Concerns ?

3. 2 Truths & 1 Lie Get to know you activity …
Tell me more about yourself:
Share with me a phrase that tells me 2 truths about yourself and 1 lie
It will be up to the class to determine the lie from the truth
For example: Ms. Brancatella went to Greece this summer, lives on a farm, and likes the Boston Red Sox!

4. Unit 1 Diversity of Living Things
SBI 3U

5. What are some living things that you are familiar with?

6. 1.1 – ID, Name, Classify Species
Before we can identify, name or classify a species, we have to define what a species is first …
A species is – a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring
There are aprox. 2 millions different species in the world

7. Identifying & Naming
There are 3 different definitions of 1 species; which are referred to as species concepts – where:
Morphological – focuses on the structure of an organism: such as its body’s shape, size, etc.
Biological – focuses on mating between organisms and their ability to produce viable offspring
Phylogentic – focuses on the evolution relationships between organisms over time

8. Identifying & Naming Binomial Nomenclature
Taxonomy – is the branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species
The method used in taxonomy for naming organisms is a two part method of the “binomial nomenclature,” giving us a scientific name
First Word = genus name (Capitalized)
Second Word = identifies the particular species (lower case)
→ Italicized name as a whole: Homo sapiens

9. ID, Name, Classify
Species concepts help determine what groups of organisms make up a species
Binomial nomenclature helps scientists give a proper name for each species
But … to understand and discuss the relationships of these species, we see that there are RULES to follow to help CLASSIFY such species

10. Classifying Species 1. Domain 2. Kingdom 3. Phylum 4. Class
All species are classified based on 8 categories
Categories = Ranks – which AKA Taxon
1. Domain Kingdom
3. Phylum Class
5. Order Family
7. Genus Species
* Does Kim Play Chess Or Fix Great Sandwiches?

11. Classifying Species

13. Classifying Species

14. Think & Reflect
If 2 organisms belong to the same family in the modern classification system
List the other ranks (categories) that these organisms would also have in common …
ANSWER: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order

15. 1.2 - Determining How Species are Related

16. How Species are Related
Like our grandparents, and great grandparents all before us, many other species are identified based on their ancestors
The more a species shares its evolutionary history with another = the more related they are!
Ancestor = organism which other groups of organisms are descended from

17. Evidence of Relationships
Anatomical Evidence
Looking at a species’ Anatomy and commonalities over time helps identify relationships dating back to as early as the dawn of the dinosaurs
For example – arrangements of dinosaur bones in their hip, leg, and shoulders are similar to living birds and reptiles today
For example – bones in the flipper of a whale are similar to that of a bat’s wing, a horse’s leg, and a human arm

18. Evidence of Relationships
Physiological Evidence
Using info based on an organisms’ biochemistry, like what proteins their cells make (which is reflective of an organisms’ DNA)
Technology has now allowed us to classify and re-classify organisms
For example – guinea pigs are
not as closely relate to mice
anymore, based on an analysis
of insulin made by the guinea pigs

19. Evidence of Relationships
DNA Evidence
Because of advances in technology, new DNA evidence has lead to changes of previous classifications based on morphology/ physiology
For example – DNA evidence shows fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants

20. The Importance of Classifications
YOUR TASK:
Using your textbook (p.22) and common knowledge
Summarize the importance of classifications to technology, society, and the evolution.
Identify what careers are impacted by these classification systems
Select 1 career discussed and research in more detail how it influenced by such evolutionary relationships

21. Homework
Section 1.1 – pg. 16 # 1, 4, 10
Section 1.2 – pg. 23 # 1, 2, 5, 6