1. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Advanced
Exceptions

2. Advanced Exceptions Advanced Exceptions: Raise_Application_Error
Built in procedure
It let user attached a ora-number and customized message to user
Terminate any pl/sql block and behave like pre-define exception

3. Advanced Exceptions Raise vs Raise_Application_Error
Raise is used to call pre-defined or user-defined exception
Raise_application_erorr let the developer show the customized message with number
Call from front end

4. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Syntax of Raise_Application_Error

5. Error Handling and Exceptions
Raise_application_error(error_number, message[, {TRUE | FALSE}]);
Error_number is a negative integer in the range
Message is a character string up to 2048 bytes long

6. Advanced Exceptions Syntax of Raise_Application_Error
Pre-define procedure to return user-friendly message back to user

7. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Implementing
Raise_application_error - I

8. Error Handling and Exceptions
declare
name emp.ename%type;
salary emp.sal%type;
begin
select ename, sal into name, salary from emp where empno=7369;
if salary <5000 then
Raise_application_error(-20030, ‘Invalid salary’);
else

9. Error Handling and Exceptions
dbms_output.put_line('Valid Salary');
end if;
exception
when others then
dbms_output.put_line(SQLERRM);
end;

10. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Implementing
User Defined Exception - II

11. Error Handling and Exceptions
Write a PL/SQL block to retrieve the ename, job, mrg and hiredate for a particular empno and make sure data is retrieved without error i-e if any field have null value then raise the following exceptions:
Exception No
Message
-20010
No name
-20020
No job
20030
No manager
-20040
No hire date

12. Error Handling and Exceptions
declare
v_ename emp.ename%TYPE;
v_job emp.job%TYPE;
v_mgr emp.mgr%TYPE;
v_hiredate emp.hiredate%TYPE;
p_empno emp.empno%type:=7654;
BEGIN
SELECT ename, job, mgr, hiredate
INTO v_ename, v_job, v_mgr, v_hiredate FROM emp

13. Error Handling and Exceptions
WHERE empno = p_empno;
IF v_ename IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20010, 'No name for ' || p_empno);
END IF;
IF v_job IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20020, 'No job for' || p_empno);
IF v_mgr IS NULL THEN

14. Error Handling and Exceptions
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20030, 'No manager for ' || p_empno);
END IF;
IF v_hiredate IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20040, 'No hire date for ' || p_empno);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || p_empno ||
' validated without errors');

15. Error Handling and Exceptions
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SQLCODE: ' || SQLCODE);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('SQLERRM: ' || SQLERRM);
END;

16. Advanced Exceptions What is exception_init Pragma
Exception name can be associated with oracle exception number
Ora – Error no can be intercepted and specific handler can be written

17. Advanced Exceptions What is exception_init Pragma
Pragma signifies that it’s a compiler directive
Pragma is processed at compile time not run-time

18. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Syntax of Exception_init Pragma

19. Error Handling and Exceptions
DECLARE
user_define_exception_name EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(user_define_exception_name,-error_number);
BEGIN
statement(s);
IF condition THEN
RAISE user_define_exception_name;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN user_define_exception_name THEN
User defined statement (action) will be taken;
END;

20. Advanced Exceptions Syntax of Exception_init Pragma
To associate customize message to pre-defined exceptions

21. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Implementing
Exception_init Pragma -I

22. Error Handling and Exceptions
declare
salary number;
FOUND_NOTHING exception;
Pragma exception_init(FOUND_NOTHING ,100);
begin
select sal in to salary from emp where ename =‘Akbar';
dbms_output.put_line(salary);
exception
WHEN FOUND_NOTHING THEN
dbms_output.put_line(SQLERRM);
end;

23. Database Programming Using Oracle 11g
Implementing
Exception_init Pragma -II

24. Error Handling and Exceptions
DECLARE
deadlock_detected EXCEPTION;
PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT(deadlock_detected, -60);
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('In the begin section');
EXCEPTION
WHEN deadlock_detected THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Deadlock is detected');
END;